Why is this medication prescribed?

Xifaxan (rifaximin) is prescribed for the treatment of certain bacterial infections, and it is known for its specific actions in the gastrointestinal tract. The primary indications for prescribing Xifaxan include:

• Traveler’s Diarrhea: Xifaxan is used to treat traveler’s diarrhea caused by non-invasive strains of Escherichia coli (E. coli). Traveler’s diarrhea is a common condition that can occur when people travel to regions with different sanitation standards.
• Hepatic Encephalopathy: Xifaxan is also used to reduce the risk of overt hepatic encephalopathy (HE) recurrence in adults. Hepatic encephalopathy is a complication of liver disease that can lead to cognitive dysfunction, confusion, and in severe cases, coma.

How should this medicine be used?

Regarding how Xifaxan should be used, it’s essential to follow the specific instructions provided by your healthcare provider. However, general guidelines for its use may include:

• Dosage: The dosage of Xifaxan can vary depending on the condition being treated. Always take the medication as prescribed by your healthcare provider.
• Administration: Xifaxan is typically taken orally with or without food. It is essential to take the medication exactly as directed by your doctor.
• Duration of Treatment: The duration of treatment with Xifaxan will depend on the type and severity of the infection. It’s crucial to complete the entire course of antibiotics even if symptoms improve before the medication is finished.
• Missed Dose: If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double up on doses to make up for a missed one.
• Precautions: Inform your healthcare provider about any other medications you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements, as they may interact with Xifaxan. Also, let your doctor know if you have any allergies or medical conditions.

It is important to note that this information is general, and individual circumstances may vary. Always follow the guidance and instructions provided by your healthcare provider and refer to the medication’s package insert for detailed information. If you have any questions or concerns about your prescription, consult your healthcare professional for personalized advice.

Other uses for this medicine

• Hepatic Encephalopathy: Xifaxan is also used for the reduction of recurrence of overt hepatic encephalopathy in patients with advanced liver disease.
• Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO): In some cases, healthcare providers may prescribe Xifaxan off-label for conditions like small intestinal bacterial overgrowth.

What special precautions should I follow?

That being said, here are some precautions to consider if you are prescribed Xifaxan:

• Allergies: Inform your healthcare provider about any known allergies to rifaximin or any other antibiotics.
• Liver Function: Xifaxan is primarily eliminated through the liver. If you have liver problems, your doctor may need to adjust the dosage, or Xifaxan may not be suitable for you.
• Clostridium difficile Infection: Antibiotics, including rifaximin, can sometimes lead to the overgrowth of Clostridium difficile, a bacterium that can cause severe diarrhea. Inform your doctor if you develop persistent diarrhea during or after treatment.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: The safety of Xifaxan during pregnancy or breastfeeding is not well established. Inform your doctor if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding.
• Drug Interactions: Xifaxan may interact with other medications. Inform your healthcare provider about all the medications you are taking, including prescription drugs, over-the-counter medications, and herbal supplements.
• Renal Impairment: While Xifaxan is primarily eliminated through the liver, it is also important to exercise caution in patients with severe renal impairment.
• Incomplete Treatment: Complete the full course of treatment even if you start feeling better. Incomplete treatment can lead to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
• Side Effects: Be aware of potential side effects, and if you experience severe or persistent side effects, contact your healthcare provider.

It’s crucial to follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and recommendations. They will consider your medical history, overall health, and the specific condition being treated when prescribing Xifaxan. If you have any concerns or questions about the medication, don’t hesitate to discuss them with your healthcare provider.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

• Take With or Without Food: Xifaxan can be taken with or without food. However, taking it with a meal may help improve absorption.
• Avoid Alcohol: Limit or avoid alcohol consumption while taking Xifaxan, as it may increase the risk of liver problems.
• Stay Hydrated: It’s important to stay well-hydrated, especially if you are experiencing diarrhea. Dehydration can be a concern with prolonged or severe diarrhea.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

If you forget to take a dose of Xifaxan:

• Take as Soon as Possible: If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule.
• Do Not Double Dose: Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one. Taking more than the prescribed amount can increase the risk of side effects.
• Follow Healthcare Provider’s Instructions: If you are unsure about what to do if you miss a dose, contact your healthcare provider or pharmacist for guidance.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Xifaxan (rifaximin) can cause side effects, and it’s essential to be aware of them while taking the medication. Not everyone will experience these side effects, and some individuals may experience none. If you do experience any side effects, it’s crucial to inform your healthcare provider. Common side effects of Xifaxan include:

• Flatulence (gas): This is one of the most common side effects.
• Headache: Some individuals may experience headaches while taking Xifaxan.
• Nausea: Feeling nauseous or having an upset stomach is a possible side effect.
• Vomiting: In some cases, vomiting may occur.
• Constipation: Some individuals may experience constipation as a side effect.
• Stomach pain or discomfort: Abdominal pain or discomfort may occur.
• Feeling of urgency to defecate: Some people may experience a sense of urgency to have a bowel movement.

Serious side effects are rare, but they can occur. If you experience any of the following, contact your healthcare provider promptly:

• Severe diarrhea: Xifaxan is used to treat certain types of diarrhea, but if you experience severe or persistent diarrhea, it could be a sign of a more serious condition.
• Blood in the stool: If you notice blood in your stool, seek medical attention immediately.
• Fever: An elevated body temperature could indicate an infection or other underlying issue.
• Allergic reactions: Allergic reactions are rare but can include rash, itching, swelling, severe dizziness, or difficulty breathing. Seek emergency medical attention if you experience these symptoms.

It’s important to note that this is not a comprehensive list, and individual responses to medications can vary. Always follow the advice of your healthcare provider and report any unusual or severe side effects promptly. If you have concerns or questions about Xifaxan, discuss them with your healthcare provider.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and Disposal of Xifaxan:

Storage:

• Temperature: Store Xifaxan at room temperature, away from excessive heat and moisture.
• Container: Keep the medication in its original container, and make sure it’s tightly closed to protect it from air and moisture.
• Location: Store Xifaxan in a place that is out of reach of children and pets.

Disposal:

• Follow Guidelines: Dispose of Xifaxan according to the guidelines provided by your healthcare provider or pharmacist.
• Do Not Flush: Do not flush medications down the toilet unless explicitly instructed to do so. This can contribute to environmental contamination.

In case of emergency/overdose

• Seek Medical Attention: If you suspect an overdose or experience severe side effects, seek medical attention immediately.
• Symptoms of Overdose: Symptoms of an overdose may include severe diarrhea, stomach cramps, and blood in the stool. It’s important not to ignore any unusual symptoms and seek medical help promptly.

What other information should I know?

• Medical History: Inform your healthcare provider about your medical history, especially if you have a history of liver disease or any other conditions that may affect the use of Xifaxan.
• Allergies: Inform your healthcare provider of any allergies you may have, especially if you are allergic to rifaximin or any other antibiotics.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Inform your healthcare provider if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding. The use of Xifaxan during pregnancy or breastfeeding should be discussed with your healthcare provider.
• Interactions: Inform your healthcare provider about all the medications, vitamins, and herbal supplements you are taking to avoid potential interactions.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and ask any questions you may have about Xifaxan. If you experience any unexpected side effects or have concerns about the medication, contact your healthcare provider promptly. If there’s an emergency, call your local emergency number immediately.