WARNING

Tykerb (generic name: lapatinib) is a medication primarily used to treat certain types of breast cancer. While it can be effective in managing the disease, like any medication, it carries certain risks. Here are some potential risks associated with taking Tykerb:

• Cardiac Toxicity: Tykerb may cause heart problems, including heart failure or decreased heart function. It’s important for patients to undergo regular cardiac monitoring while taking this medication.
• Liver Toxicity: Tykerb can lead to liver damage, sometimes severe. Patients should undergo regular liver function tests to monitor for any signs of liver toxicity.
• Diarrhea: Diarrhea is a common side effect of Tykerb, which can sometimes be severe. Patients may require medication or adjustments in their treatment regimen to manage this side effect.
• Skin Rash: Some individuals may develop a skin rash while taking Tykerb, which can range from mild to severe. This side effect typically resolves once the medication is discontinued or with appropriate management.
• Interstitial Lung Disease: In rare cases, Tykerb can cause interstitial lung disease, a serious condition that affects the lungs. Symptoms may include difficulty breathing, coughing, or fever, and immediate medical attention is necessary if these symptoms occur.
• Drug Interactions: Tykerb may interact with other medications, potentially affecting their effectiveness or increasing the risk of side effects. It’s crucial for patients to inform their healthcare provider about all medications they are taking before starting Tykerb.
• Birth Defects: Tykerb can harm an unborn baby if taken during pregnancy. Women of childbearing age should use effective contraception while taking this medication.
• Other Side Effects: Additional side effects of Tykerb may include fatigue, nausea, vomiting, headache, and decreased appetite.

It’s important for patients to discuss the potential risks and benefits of Tykerb with their healthcare provider before starting treatment, and to report any concerning symptoms experienced while taking the medication. Close monitoring and adherence to treatment guidelines can help mitigate these risks and optimize the effectiveness of Tykerb therapy.

Why is this medication prescribed?

Tykerb (generic name: lapatinib) is a prescription medication primarily used in the treatment of certain types of breast cancer, specifically HER2-positive breast cancer. HER2-positive breast cancer is a type of breast cancer that tests positive for a protein called human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), which promotes the growth of cancer cells.

Tykerb is typically prescribed in combination with other medications, such as capecitabine, to treat advanced or metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer in patients who have already received other treatments like trastuzumab (Herceptin).

Tykerb is classified as a kinase inhibitor, which works by blocking signals within cancer cells that are involved in their growth and spread.

How should this medicine be used?

Tykerb (lapatinib) is typically prescribed for the treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer, either in the metastatic or early-stage setting. It is usually used in combination with other cancer medications, such as chemotherapy or hormonal therapy. Here are the general guidelines for how Tykerb should be used:

• Dosage: The recommended dosage of Tykerb is usually 1,250 mg taken orally once daily. This is typically administered as five tablets of 250 mg each.
• Administration: Tykerb should be taken at least one hour before or one hour after a meal. The tablets should be swallowed whole with a glass of water and should not be crushed, chewed, or broken.
• Combination Therapy: Tykerb is often used in combination with other cancer medications, such as capecitabine or letrozole. The dosing and administration schedule for these combination therapies may vary depending on the specific treatment regimen prescribed by the healthcare provider.
• Duration of Treatment: Treatment with Tykerb is usually continued as long as it is providing clinical benefit and tolerated by the patient. Patients should follow their healthcare provider’s instructions regarding the duration of treatment.
• Monitoring: During treatment with Tykerb, patients may require regular monitoring to assess the response to treatment and to monitor for any potential side effects. This may include periodic physical examinations, blood tests, cardiac monitoring (such as ECGs), and imaging studies.
• Adverse Effects Management: Patients should report any side effects or adverse reactions to their healthcare provider promptly. Depending on the severity of the side effects, treatment may need to be adjusted or discontinued.
• Precautions: Patients should follow any additional precautions provided by their healthcare provider, such as avoiding certain medications that may interact with Tykerb or adhering to specific dietary guidelines.

It’s essential for patients to take Tykerb exactly as prescribed by their healthcare provider and to not adjust the dosage or stop taking the medication without consulting their doctor first. Close communication with the healthcare team is crucial for optimizing treatment outcomes and managing any potential side effects or complications.

Other uses for this medicine

Some potential off-label uses or investigational uses for Tykerb include:

• Other HER2-Positive Cancers: In addition to breast cancer, Tykerb may be used in the treatment of other HER2-positive cancers, such as HER2-positive gastric cancer.
• Combination Therapies: Tykerb may be investigated for use in combination with other targeted therapies or chemotherapy drugs for various cancer types.
• Clinical Trials: Tykerb may be used in clinical trials evaluating its efficacy and safety in different cancer types or in combination with other treatments.

What special precautions should I follow?

As for special precautions to follow when taking Tykerb, here are some important considerations:

• Medical History: Before starting Tykerb, patients should inform their healthcare provider about their medical history, including any pre-existing heart conditions, liver problems, lung diseases, or other significant health issues.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Tykerb can harm an unborn baby if taken during pregnancy. Women of childbearing potential should use effective contraception during treatment with Tykerb and for a period after discontinuation of treatment. Breastfeeding should be avoided while taking Tykerb.
• Cardiac Monitoring: Regular monitoring of cardiac function, including electrocardiograms (ECGs) and echocardiograms, may be necessary during treatment with Tykerb due to the risk of cardiac toxicity.
• Liver Function Tests: Liver function tests should be performed regularly to monitor for potential liver toxicity, and treatment may need to be adjusted or discontinued if significant liver problems occur.
• Drug Interactions: Tykerb may interact with other medications, including certain antibiotics, antifungals, antidepressants, and cholesterol-lowering drugs. Patients should inform their healthcare provider about all medications, supplements, and herbal products they are taking before starting Tykerb.
• Adherence to Treatment: Patients should take Tykerb exactly as prescribed by their healthcare provider and should not adjust the dosage or stop taking the medication without consulting their doctor first.

By following these precautions and closely monitoring for any potential side effects or complications, patients can safely and effectively use Tykerb as part of their cancer treatment regimen.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

There are no specific dietary restrictions associated with Tykerb. However, it is generally recommended to take Tykerb at least one hour before or one hour after a meal. Follow your healthcare provider’s instructions regarding the timing of Tykerb administration.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

If you forget to take a dose of Tykerb, take it as soon as you remember, unless it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and take your next dose at the regular time. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one. If you have any concerns or questions about missed doses, consult your healthcare provider for guidance.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Tykerb (lapatinib) can cause various side effects, ranging from mild to severe. It’s important to note that not all individuals will experience these side effects, and some may experience side effects not listed here. Common side effects of Tykerb may include:

• Diarrhea: This is one of the most common side effects of Tykerb. It can range from mild to severe and may require medication or dose adjustments to manage.
• Nausea and Vomiting: Some individuals may experience nausea and vomiting while taking Tykerb, particularly during the initial stages of treatment.
• Fatigue: Feeling tired or fatigued is another common side effect of Tykerb.
• Skin Rash or Dry Skin: Some patients may develop a rash or experience dry skin while taking Tykerb. This side effect is usually mild to moderate but can occasionally be severe.
• Decreased Appetite: Tykerb may cause a decrease in appetite, leading to weight loss or difficulty maintaining a healthy diet.
• Headache: Headaches are a relatively common side effect of Tykerb.
• Mouth Sores: Some individuals may develop sores or ulcers in the mouth or on the lips while taking Tykerb.
• Hair Loss: Hair thinning or hair loss may occur with Tykerb treatment, although it is usually reversible once the medication is discontinued.
• Nail Changes: Tykerb can cause changes in the nails, such as brittleness or discoloration.
• Muscle or Joint Pain: Some patients may experience muscle or joint pain while taking Tykerb.
• Liver Toxicity: Tykerb can sometimes cause liver problems, leading to elevated liver enzymes or other liver function abnormalities.
• Cardiac Toxicity: In rare cases, Tykerb may cause heart problems, including decreased heart function or heart failure.

It’s essential for patients to report any side effects or concerns to their healthcare provider promptly. Depending on the severity of the side effects, treatment may need to be adjusted or additional medications may be prescribed to manage symptoms. Close monitoring and communication with the healthcare team can help ensure the safe and effective use of Tykerb.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and disposal of Tykerb:

• Storage: Tykerb should be stored at room temperature between 68°F to 77°F (20°C to 25°C), in a dry place away from moisture and heat. Keep the medication in its original container, tightly closed, and out of reach of children and pets.
• Disposal: Dispose of unused or expired Tykerb tablets according to local regulations or guidelines. Do not flush them down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. Instead, consult with your pharmacist or healthcare provider on the proper disposal method, such as using a medication take-back program or a drug disposal kit.

In case of emergency/overdose

In case of emergency or overdose of Tykerb:

• Seek Medical Assistance: If you suspect an overdose or experience severe symptoms such as difficulty breathing, chest pain, irregular heartbeat, or loss of consciousness, seek immediate medical attention by calling emergency services or going to the nearest emergency room.
• Contact Poison Control: You can also contact your local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222 for guidance on what to do in case of an overdose of Tykerb. Have the medication container or information available when you call.

What other information should I know?

• Follow-up Appointments: Attend all scheduled appointments with your healthcare provider for monitoring and follow-up assessments during Tykerb treatment. Regular check-ups and tests may be necessary to monitor for treatment effectiveness and side effects.
• Medical Alert Bracelet: Consider wearing a medical alert bracelet or carrying a medical identification card that indicates you are taking Tykerb. This information can be crucial in case of emergencies or if you are unable to communicate with healthcare providers.
• Avoid Grapefruit: Avoid consuming grapefruit or grapefruit juice while taking Tykerb, as it may interact with the medication and increase the risk of side effects.
• Inform Healthcare Providers: Inform all healthcare providers involved in your care, including dentists and pharmacists, that you are taking Tykerb. This helps ensure coordinated and safe healthcare delivery, as some procedures or medications may interact with Tykerb.
• Patient Support Programs: Explore patient support programs or resources offered by the manufacturer or other organizations, which may provide assistance with medication costs, support services, or educational materials related to Tykerb treatment.

By following these guidelines and staying informed about Tykerb treatment, you can help ensure its safe and effective use as part of your cancer therapy.