Why is this medication prescribed?

Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine that is commonly used for various medical purposes. It is primarily prescribed for the following reasons:

• Allergic Reactions: Diphenhydramine is often used to relieve symptoms of allergy, such as itching, rash, and sneezing. It can be effective in managing allergic reactions to substances like insect bites, certain foods, or medications.
• Insomnia: Due to its sedative effects, diphenhydramine is sometimes used to treat insomnia or sleep disturbances. It can induce drowsiness and help people fall asleep.
• Motion Sickness: Diphenhydramine can be used to alleviate symptoms of motion sickness, such as nausea, vomiting, and dizziness.
• Cough and Cold Symptoms: It is also found in some over-the-counter cough and cold medications to relieve symptoms such as a runny nose, sneezing, and coughing.
• Parkinson’s Disease: In some cases, diphenhydramine may be prescribed to manage symptoms associated with Parkinson’s disease, such as tremors and muscle stiffness.

How should this medicine be used?

As for how diphenhydramine should be used, it is crucial to follow the specific instructions provided by the healthcare professional or indicated on the medication’s label. However, some general guidelines include:

• Dosage: The recommended dosage varies depending on the formulation (tablets, capsules, liquid) and the specific condition being treated. Always follow the prescribed dosage.
• Administration: Diphenhydramine is usually taken orally with or without food. It’s important to swallow the tablets or capsules whole and not crush or chew them unless directed otherwise.
• Frequency: The frequency of dosing depends on the specific condition being treated. It may be taken once a day for allergies or more frequently if used as a sleep aid. Do not exceed the recommended dosage or frequency without consulting a healthcare professional.
• Timing: If diphenhydramine is being used as a sleep aid, it is typically taken 30 minutes before bedtime. For allergy relief, it may be taken as needed or as prescribed.
• Caution: It is important to avoid consuming alcohol or engaging in activities that require alertness, such as driving, while under the influence of diphenhydramine, as it can cause drowsiness.

Always consult with a healthcare professional before using diphenhydramine, especially if you have any underlying health conditions, are pregnant or breastfeeding, or are taking other medications. Additionally, if symptoms persist or worsen, seek medical advice.

Other uses for this medicine

Diphenhydramine has various uses beyond its primary indications. Some additional uses include:

• Motion Sickness: Diphenhydramine may be used to alleviate symptoms of motion sickness, such as nausea and vomiting.
• Parkinson’s Disease: In some cases, diphenhydramine is used to manage symptoms of Parkinson’s disease, particularly to control tremors.
• Dystonia: It may be prescribed to manage certain types of dystonia, a movement disorder characterized by muscle spasms and contractions.
• Itching: Diphenhydramine can be used to relieve itching associated with skin conditions such as hives or eczema.
• Anaphylaxis: In emergency situations, diphenhydramine may be used as part of the treatment for severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis), but it is not a substitute for epinephrine, which is the first-line treatment.

What special precautions should I follow?

As with any medication, it is crucial to take special precautions when using diphenhydramine. Here are some general precautions:

• Allergies: Inform your healthcare provider about any allergies you have, especially if you are allergic to diphenhydramine or similar medications.
• Medical Conditions: Disclose your complete medical history, especially if you have conditions such as glaucoma, enlarged prostate, urinary retention, asthma, hyperthyroidism, cardiovascular disease, or high blood pressure.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Consult with your healthcare provider before using diphenhydramine if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding.
• Alcohol and Other Medications: Avoid consuming alcohol while taking diphenhydramine, and inform your healthcare provider about all prescription and over-the-counter medications, vitamins, and supplements you are taking to avoid potential interactions.
• Drowsiness: Diphenhydramine can cause drowsiness, so it’s important to avoid activities requiring alertness, such as driving, until you know how the medication affects you.
• Children and Elderly: Use caution when giving diphenhydramine to children or elderly individuals, as they may be more sensitive to its effects.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and ask any questions you may have about the medication. If you experience severe side effects or if symptoms persist, seek medical attention promptly.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

Diphenhydramine is typically taken with or without food, but dietary restrictions are generally not associated with its use. However, it’s essential to stay hydrated, especially if you experience dry mouth as a side effect of the medication.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

If you miss a dose of diphenhydramine, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double up on doses to make up for a missed one. If you are unsure about what to do or have concerns about missed doses, contact your healthcare provider or pharmacist for guidance.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Diphenhydramine, like any medication, can cause side effects. Common side effects are generally mild and may include:

• Drowsiness: One of the most common side effects of diphenhydramine is drowsiness. This effect can be significant and may impair your ability to perform certain tasks, such as driving.
• Dry Mouth: Diphenhydramine can cause a dry or irritated mouth.
• Blurred Vision: Some individuals may experience blurred vision or difficulty focusing.
• Constipation or Urinary Retention: Diphenhydramine may cause constipation or difficulty urinating, particularly in individuals with an enlarged prostate.
• Upset Stomach or Nausea: Some people may experience mild stomach discomfort or nausea.
• Dizziness: Dizziness or lightheadedness may occur, especially when standing up quickly.
• Confusion or Memory Problems: In some cases, diphenhydramine may cause confusion or memory problems, particularly in older adults.
• Increased Heart Rate: It may lead to an increased heart rate or palpitations in some individuals.
• Allergic Reactions: Although rare, some people may experience allergic reactions to diphenhydramine, such as rash, itching, swelling, severe dizziness, or difficulty breathing.

If you experience any severe or persistent side effects, or if you have concerns about the side effects you are experiencing, it is important to contact your healthcare provider promptly.

In addition to the common side effects listed above, diphenhydramine can interact with other medications, and certain populations, such as the elderly, may be more susceptible to side effects. Always inform your healthcare provider about all medications, supplements, and health conditions you have to minimize the risk of adverse reactions. If you have any concerns or questions about the side effects of diphenhydramine, consult your healthcare professional for personalized advice.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and Disposal of Diphenhydramine:

• Storage: Store diphenhydramine at room temperature, away from moisture and heat. Keep it in its original packaging, and make sure the container is tightly closed. Follow any specific storage instructions provided by your healthcare provider or pharmacist.
• Disposal: Dispose of expired or unused diphenhydramine according to local regulations. Do not flush it down the toilet unless instructed to do so. Instead, consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal facility for proper disposal instructions.

In case of emergency/overdose

In case of an emergency or overdose of diphenhydramine, seek immediate medical attention or contact your local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222 in the United States. Overdose symptoms may include extreme drowsiness, confusion, hallucinations, seizures, or a fast/irregular heartbeat.

What other information should I know?

• Allergies: Inform your healthcare provider about any allergies you may have before taking diphenhydramine.
• Medical conditions: Inform your healthcare provider about any pre-existing medical conditions, especially if you have a history of heart problems, glaucoma, or difficulty urinating.
• Avoid alcohol: Avoid consuming alcohol while taking diphenhydramine, as it may increase drowsiness and dizziness.
• Driving and machinery: Be cautious when engaging in activities that require alertness, such as driving or operating machinery, as diphenhydramine can cause drowsiness.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and read the medication’s label for specific guidelines. If you have any concerns or questions, consult with your healthcare professional.