WARNING

Panobinostat is a prescription medication used in the treatment of certain types of cancer, particularly multiple myeloma. It belongs to a class of drugs called histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors. While Panobinostat can be effective in treating cancer, like any medication, it comes with potential risks and side effects. It’s important to note that only a qualified healthcare professional can provide specific information based on an individual’s health condition. Here are some general risks associated with Panobinostat:

• Cardiac Effects: Panobinostat may cause heart-related issues, including arrhythmias (irregular heartbeats) and changes in the electrical activity of the heart. Patients with pre-existing heart conditions may be at a higher risk.
• Hematologic Effects: Panobinostat can lead to a decrease in blood cell counts, including white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets. This may result in an increased risk of infections, anemia, and bleeding.
• Gastrointestinal Issues: Common side effects include diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite. These can contribute to dehydration and nutritional deficiencies.
• Liver Function: Panobinostat may affect liver function, leading to elevated liver enzymes. Regular monitoring of liver function is typically required during treatment.
• Blood Clotting: There is a potential risk of blood clot formation, which may lead to serious complications. Patients with a history of clotting disorders or those taking anticoagulants need careful monitoring.
• Pulmonary Toxicity: Rare cases of severe pulmonary toxicity, including interstitial lung disease, have been reported. Patients experiencing symptoms such as cough, shortness of breath, or difficulty breathing should seek medical attention promptly.
• Renal (Kidney) Function: Panobinostat can impact renal function, and monitoring of kidney function is important during treatment.
• Neurological Effects: Some patients may experience fatigue, dizziness, or peripheral neuropathy (nerve damage), affecting the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord.

It’s crucial for individuals taking Panobinostat to communicate openly with their healthcare team, report any unusual symptoms promptly, and attend scheduled follow-up appointments for monitoring. This information is not exhaustive, and individuals considering or currently taking Panobinostat should consult their healthcare provider for personalized advice based on their medical history and current health status.

Why is this medication prescribed?

Panobinostat is a medication prescribed for the treatment of multiple myeloma, a type of cancer that affects plasma cells in the bone marrow. Multiple myeloma is characterized by the abnormal growth of plasma cells, which can lead to bone damage, weakened immune function, and other complications. Panobinostat is specifically used in combination with other medications for patients who have received prior treatments and have relapsed or not responded adequately.

How should this medicine be used?

The drug belongs to a class of medications called histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors. It works by interfering with the activity of enzymes that regulate gene expression, thereby affecting the growth and survival of cancer cells.

Here are general guidelines for how Panobinostat is typically used:

• Administration: Panobinostat is usually taken orally in the form of capsules.
• Combination Therapy: It is often prescribed in combination with other anti-myeloma medications, such as bortezomib and dexamethasone.
• Treatment Cycles: The treatment is typically organized into cycles, with each cycle consisting of a period of medication followed by a rest period. The specific schedule may vary based on the individual’s health and response to treatment.
• Medical Supervision: Panobinostat is prescribed by a healthcare professional experienced in the treatment of multiple myeloma. Regular medical check-ups and laboratory tests are essential to monitor the patient’s response to treatment and manage potential side effects.
• Dose Adjustment: The dosage of Panobinostat may be adjusted based on the patient’s tolerance and any side effects experienced. This is typically done under the guidance of a healthcare provider.
• Adherence to Prescription: It’s crucial for patients to take Panobinostat exactly as prescribed by their healthcare provider. Missing doses or altering the dosage without medical supervision can affect the effectiveness of the treatment.
• Precautions: Patients are advised to follow all safety precautions provided by their healthcare team, including recommendations for managing potential side effects and interactions with other medications.

As with any cancer treatment, the use of Panobinostat involves potential risks and side effects. Patients should have open and regular communication with their healthcare provider to discuss any concerns, report side effects promptly, and ensure that the treatment plan is tailored to their individual needs. This information provides a general overview, and specific details may vary based on the patient’s medical condition and the healthcare provider’s recommendations.

Other uses for this medicine

Panobinostat is primarily used for the treatment of multiple myeloma, particularly in patients who have relapsed or not responded to previous treatments. However, ongoing research may explore its potential in other types of cancer or medical conditions.

What special precautions should I follow?

Special precautions are important when using Panobinostat due to its potential side effects and interactions. It’s essential to follow the healthcare provider’s instructions and communicate openly about your medical history and any other medications or supplements you are taking. Here are some general precautions associated with Panobinostat:

• Cardiac Monitoring: Panobinostat can affect the heart, leading to arrhythmias and changes in the electrical activity of the heart. Patients with pre-existing heart conditions or risk factors may require careful monitoring.
• Blood Counts: Regular monitoring of blood cell counts (white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets) is crucial, as Panobinostat can cause myelosuppression, increasing the risk of infections, anemia, and bleeding.
• Liver Function: Panobinostat may impact liver function, leading to elevated liver enzymes. Periodic liver function tests are typically performed during treatment.
• Renal Function: Kidney function should be monitored, as Panobinostat can affect renal function.
• Pulmonary Toxicity: There have been reports of pulmonary toxicity, including interstitial lung disease. Patients experiencing respiratory symptoms should seek medical attention promptly.
• Thromboembolism Risk: Panobinostat may increase the risk of blood clot formation, and precautions should be taken in patients with a history of clotting disorders or those taking anticoagulants.
• Neurological Effects: Some patients may experience fatigue, dizziness, or peripheral neuropathy. Caution is advised, especially when engaging in activities that require alertness.
• Gastrointestinal Issues: Common side effects include diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite. Adequate hydration and nutritional support may be necessary.
• Fertility: Panobinostat may affect fertility, and both men and women should discuss fertility preservation options with their healthcare team before starting treatment.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Panobinostat can harm the developing fetus, and women of childbearing potential should use effective contraception during treatment and for a period afterward. Breastfeeding is not recommended while taking Panobinostat.

It’s important to note that these precautions provide a general overview, and individual circumstances may vary. Patients should discuss any concerns with their healthcare provider, adhere to the prescribed treatment plan, and promptly report any new or worsening symptoms. Always consult with a healthcare professional for the most up-to-date and personalized information.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

• Hydration: Stay well-hydrated to help manage potential gastrointestinal side effects, such as diarrhea.
• Nutrition: Maintain a balanced and nutritious diet to support overall health and counteract potential loss of appetite.
• Alcohol: Limit or avoid alcohol consumption, as it may exacerbate certain side effects and negatively interact with the medication.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

• Timing: Take the missed dose as soon as you remember, unless it’s close to the time for the next scheduled dose.
• Double Dosing: Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one. If you miss a dose and it’s almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with the regular schedule.
• Consultation: If you are unsure about what to do, or if you miss multiple doses, contact your healthcare provider or pharmacist for guidance.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Panobinostat, like many medications, can cause a range of side effects. It’s important to note that not everyone will experience these side effects, and their severity can vary from person to person. Additionally, the combination of Panobinostat with other medications may influence the side effect profile. If you are prescribed Panobinostat, your healthcare provider will monitor you closely for any adverse reactions. Here are some common side effects associated with Panobinostat:

• Gastrointestinal Issues:
  • Diarrhea
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Loss of appetite
• Hematologic Effects:
  • Decreased white blood cell count (neutropenia)
  • Decreased red blood cell count (anemia)
  • Decreased platelet count (thrombocytopenia)
• Cardiac Effects:
  • Arrhythmias (irregular heartbeats)
  • Changes in the electrical activity of the heart
• Liver Function: Elevated liver enzymes
• Renal (Kidney) Function: Changes in kidney function
• Pulmonary Toxicity: Interstitial lung disease (rare but serious; symptoms may include cough, shortness of breath)
• Fatigue: General tiredness or weakness
• Peripheral Neuropathy: Nerve damage affecting the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord, leading to symptoms like tingling or numbness in the extremities
• Fever: Elevated body temperature
• Dehydration: Due to gastrointestinal issues, it’s important to stay well-hydrated.
• Musculoskeletal Pain: Joint or muscle pain
• Infections: Increased susceptibility to infections due to decreased white blood cell counts
• Thromboembolism: Increased risk of blood clot formation
• Dizziness: Feeling lightheaded or unsteady
• Headache: Pain or discomfort in the head

It’s essential to report any side effects or symptoms to your healthcare provider promptly. They will be able to assess the severity of the side effects and may adjust the treatment plan accordingly. In some cases, side effects may be managed with supportive care or dose modifications.

This list is not exhaustive, and individuals may experience other side effects. It’s important to have open communication with your healthcare team, attend regular check-ups, and follow their guidance throughout the course of treatment.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and Disposal:

• Storage:
  • Store Panobinostat capsules at room temperature, away from excessive heat and moisture.
  • Keep the medication in its original packaging to protect it from light.
  • Store it out of reach of children and pets.
• Disposal:
  • Follow specific disposal instructions provided by your healthcare provider, pharmacist, or local waste management authorities.
  • Do not flush Panobinostat down the toilet or pour it into a drain unless instructed to do so.

In case of emergency/overdose

In Case of Overdose:

• If you suspect an overdose or experience severe side effects, seek emergency medical attention immediately.
• In cases of overdose, supportive care and management of symptoms may be necessary.

What other information should I know?

• Regular Monitoring: Attend all scheduled medical appointments for regular monitoring of your condition and to assess the effectiveness and safety of the treatment.
• Communication with Healthcare Provider: Inform your healthcare provider of any other medications, supplements, or herbal products you are taking, as they may interact with Panobinostat.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Panobinostat can harm the developing fetus, so it’s important to use effective contraception during treatment, and women should avoid breastfeeding.
• Fertility Considerations: Discuss fertility preservation options with your healthcare team if you plan to have children in the future.
• Adherence to Treatment Plan: Take Panobinostat exactly as prescribed by your healthcare provider. If you have questions or concerns about the medication, discuss them with your healthcare team.
• Side Effect Management: Report any side effects or changes in your health promptly to your healthcare provider. They can provide guidance on managing side effects or adjust the treatment plan if necessary.
• Precautions: Be aware of and follow any specific precautions provided by your healthcare team, especially those related to cardiac health, blood clot risk, and pulmonary function.
• Supportive Care: Stay well-hydrated and maintain a nutritious diet to help manage potential side effects, such as gastrointestinal issues.

Always consult with your healthcare provider or pharmacist for the most up-to-date and personalized information related to your Panobinostat treatment. They can provide guidance based on your individual health status and ensure that you have the information needed to manage the medication safely and effectively.