Why is this medication prescribed?

Amphotericin B Lipid Complex Injection is prescribed to treat serious and potentially life-threatening fungal infections. It is specifically used for infections like aspergillosis, candidiasis, cryptococcosis, mucormycosis, and certain infections that do not respond to other antifungal treatments. Amphotericin B is an antifungal medication that works by binding to the fungal cell membrane, causing it to become permeable and ultimately leading to cell death.

How should this medicine be used?

How to Use Amphotericin B Lipid Complex Injection:

• Administration: Amphotericin B Lipid Complex Injection is administered intravenously (IV) by a healthcare professional. The injection is given slowly over a period of time, usually 2 to 6 hours, depending on the dose and the patient’s condition.
• Dosage: The dosage and length of treatment depend on the type and severity of the infection, as well as the patient’s response to the medication. It is usually given once a day, but this can vary based on individual patient needs.
• Pre-Medication: To reduce side effects like fever, chills, or rigors, pre-medication with antihistamines, corticosteroids, or antipyretics may be given before administering Amphotericin B.
• Monitoring: Patients receiving this medication require close monitoring of their kidney function, liver function, blood cell counts, and electrolyte levels because the drug can have significant side effects, especially on the kidneys.
• Hydration: Adequate hydration is important before and during the treatment to reduce the risk of kidney damage.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and consult them if you have any questions or concerns about taking this medication.

Other uses for this medicine

• Leishmaniasis: A parasitic disease caused by Leishmania parasites, which can be transmitted by the bite of infected sandflies.
• Fungal Meningitis: It may be used in cases where other antifungal agents are not effective.

What special precautions should I follow?

Special Precautions to Follow When Using Amphotericin B Lipid Complex Injection:

• Allergies: Inform your doctor if you are allergic to Amphotericin B or any of its components. Also, disclose any other allergies you may have, including allergies to other medications, foods, dyes, or preservatives.
• Kidney Function: Amphotericin B can be nephrotoxic (harmful to the kidneys). Your kidney function should be closely monitored before and during treatment. Inform your healthcare provider if you have any history of kidney disease.
• Electrolyte Imbalance: This medication can cause low levels of potassium and magnesium in the blood. Your doctor may monitor your electrolyte levels and recommend supplements if necessary.
• Other Medical Conditions: Inform your doctor if you have any other medical conditions, especially:
  • Heart disease or arrhythmias
  • Liver disease
  • Diabetes
  • Bone marrow suppression
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: If you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding, discuss the potential risks and benefits with your doctor. Amphotericin B can harm an unborn baby, so it should only be used when clearly needed.
• Concurrent Medications: Inform your healthcare provider about all other medications you are taking, including prescription, over-the-counter, and herbal products. Certain drugs can interact with Amphotericin B, increasing the risk of side effects.
• Infusion Reactions: Amphotericin B may cause infusion-related reactions, such as fever, chills, muscle pain, nausea, or headache. Pre-medication with antihistamines, corticosteroids, or antipyretics may be necessary.
• Avoid Live Vaccines: Avoid receiving any live vaccines while using Amphotericin B, as your immune response may be weakened.

Always follow the guidance of your healthcare provider regarding these precautions.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

There are no specific dietary restrictions for Amphotericin B Lipid Complex Injection, but it’s generally recommended to:

• Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water before and after the infusion to help protect your kidneys.
• Maintain a Balanced Diet: Ensure your diet includes enough potassium and magnesium, as the medication can lower these electrolytes. Foods rich in potassium (like bananas, oranges, potatoes) and magnesium (like nuts, seeds, and leafy greens) might be beneficial.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

• Contact Your Healthcare Provider: Since Amphotericin B Lipid Complex Injection is usually administered in a clinical setting, missed doses are rare. However, if you miss a dose, inform your healthcare provider immediately. They will determine the best course of action, which may involve rescheduling the dose.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Amphotericin B Lipid Complex Injection is an antifungal medication used to treat severe fungal infections. Like all medications, it can cause side effects, some of which may require medical attention.

Common Side Effects:

• Fever, chills, or shaking
• Nausea and vomiting
• Loss of appetite
• Weight loss
• Headache
• Muscle or joint pain
• Stomach pain or cramping
• Diarrhea
• Rash or itching
• Increased sweating

Serious Side Effects:

If you experience any of the following serious side effects, contact your healthcare provider immediately:

• Difficulty breathing or shortness of breath
• Severe abdominal or stomach pain
• Swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat
• Severe or persistent diarrhea
• Unusual bruising or bleeding
• Rapid, pounding, or irregular heartbeat
• Decreased urine output or dark urine
• Yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice)
• Severe weakness or tiredness
• Numbness, tingling, or pain in the hands or feet
• Decreased urine output
• Swelling in the legs or feet
• High blood pressure
• Dark urine
• Upper right stomach pain
• Jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes)
• Muscle cramps or spasms
• Weakness or fatigue

Reactions at the injection site, such as pain, redness, or swelling, may occur. If you experience any severe or unusual symptoms, contact your healthcare provider promptly.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and Disposal of Amphotericin B Lipid Complex Injection:

• Storage: Amphotericin B Lipid Complex Injection should be stored according to the manufacturer’s instructions, usually at room temperature (15-30°C or 59-86°F) and protected from light. Do not freeze the medication. If you are storing the medication at home, ensure it is kept in a safe place out of the reach of children and pets.
• Disposal: Do not dispose of Amphotericin B Lipid Complex Injection in household trash or pour it down the drain. Ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist about proper disposal methods, such as returning the medication to a take-back program or following local regulations for disposing of medical waste.

In case of emergency/overdose

• Signs of Overdose: Symptoms of an overdose may include severe kidney damage, abnormal heart rhythms, muscle weakness, confusion, or extreme tiredness.
• Immediate Actions: If you suspect an overdose or experience severe symptoms, seek emergency medical attention immediately. Call your local emergency number (such as 911 in the U.S.) or go to the nearest emergency room. If available, bring the medication packaging or information with you to help healthcare providers identify the medication.

What other information should I know?

• Regular Monitoring: Due to the potential side effects, including effects on the kidneys, liver, and blood cells, regular blood tests and check-ups will be necessary while using Amphotericin B.
• Follow-Up Appointments: Keep all scheduled appointments with your healthcare provider for monitoring and adjustments to your treatment as needed.
• Medication List: Keep an updated list of all the medications you are taking and share it with your healthcare provider. This is important to avoid potential drug interactions.
• Travel Precautions: If you need to travel while receiving this medication, carry a copy of your prescription and a letter from your doctor explaining your need for the medication. Ensure you have enough medication for the duration of your trip.
• Do Not Share Medication: This medication is prescribed specifically for you. Do not share it with others, even if they have the same condition.
• Recognize Side Effects: Be aware of potential side effects like fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, headache, muscle pain, and infusion reactions. Report any severe or persistent side effects to your healthcare provider immediately.

If you have any additional questions or concerns about this medication, always follow your healthcare provider’s guidance and instructions for the safe use, storage, and disposal of the medication.