Why is this medication prescribed?

Aflibercept injection, commonly known by its brand name Eylea, is prescribed primarily for treating certain eye conditions. It’s used to manage diseases where abnormal blood vessels grow in the retina, leading to vision problems. Some of the conditions it helps with include:

• Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD): Aflibercept helps to slow down the progression of AMD, a condition that can lead to loss of central vision.
• Diabetic Macular Edema (DME): This condition involves swelling in the retina due to diabetes, and aflibercept can reduce the swelling and improve vision.
• Retinal Vein Occlusion (RVO): Aflibercept can help treat vision loss caused by blockage in the veins of the retina.

The medication works by blocking vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and placental growth factor (PlGF), which are proteins that contribute to abnormal blood vessel growth and leakage.

How should this medicine be used?

Aflibercept injections are typically administered by an eye specialist in a clinical setting. Here’s a general overview of how the process is managed:

• Preparation: The eye is numbed with a local anesthetic to minimize discomfort. The area around the eye is cleaned to reduce the risk of infection.
• Injection: A small needle is used to inject aflibercept directly into the vitreous humor of the eye, which is the gel-like substance inside the eye. The injection is usually quick and might cause minor discomfort or a brief stinging sensation.
• Frequency: The frequency of injections depends on the specific condition being treated and the individual’s response to the medication. For example, in some cases, injections may be given once a month initially, with the frequency possibly reduced based on the patient’s progress and the doctor’s recommendation.
• Monitoring: After the injection, follow-up visits are essential to monitor the treatment’s effectiveness and to check for any side effects or complications. Regular eye exams help the specialist assess improvements and make any necessary adjustments to the treatment plan.

It’s important to follow the specialist’s instructions and attend all scheduled appointments to ensure the best outcomes.

Other uses for this medicine

Aflibercept injections can also be used for other conditions beyond those mentioned earlier:

• Myopic Choroidal Neovascularization (mCNV): This is a condition where abnormal blood vessels grow under the retina due to severe nearsightedness, leading to vision loss.
• Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (PDR): This advanced stage of diabetic eye disease involves the growth of abnormal blood vessels in the retina and can cause vision loss.

What special precautions should I follow?

Special Precautions for Aflibercept Injection:

• Infection Control: Ensure that the procedure is done in a sterile environment to prevent eye infections. Post-injection, follow your eye specialist’s advice on care to minimize the risk of infection.
• Eye Care: Avoid rubbing or touching your eye immediately after the injection. Follow any specific aftercare instructions provided by your healthcare provider.
• Monitor for Side Effects: Watch for signs of complications, such as sudden vision changes, pain, redness, or swelling in the eye, which should be reported to your specialist immediately.
• Pre-existing Conditions: Inform your healthcare provider about any existing eye conditions, infections, or allergies, as these could affect treatment.
• Medication Interactions: While aflibercept is an injectable medication for the eye, inform your healthcare provider about all other medications and supplements you are taking, as this helps in avoiding potential interactions.
• Regular Follow-ups: Adhere to follow-up appointments for monitoring your condition and the effectiveness of the treatment. This helps in adjusting the treatment plan as needed.

Always consult with your eye specialist for personalized advice and guidelines based on your specific condition and health status.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

There are generally no specific dietary restrictions associated with aflibercept injections. However, maintaining a healthy diet can support overall eye health. It’s always a good idea to follow a balanced diet rich in vitamins and antioxidants that support eye health, such as those found in leafy greens, fish, and fruits.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

• Contact Your Specialist: Reach out to your eye specialist as soon as possible to discuss rescheduling the missed injection.
• Follow Advice: Your specialist will provide guidance on when to receive the next dose and whether any adjustments to the treatment plan are necessary.
• Do Not Self-Adjust: Do not attempt to make up for a missed dose on your own. Always follow the professional guidance provided.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Aflibercept injections can cause side effects, though not everyone experiences them. Common and serious side effects include:

Common Side Effects:

• Eye Discomfort: This may include mild pain, redness, or irritation.
• Visual Disturbances: Temporary blurry vision or seeing floaters.
• Headache: Some individuals may experience headaches.

Serious Side Effects:

• Infection: Though rare, there is a risk of eye infections (endophthalmitis) due to the injection.
• Increased Eye Pressure: This can lead to glaucoma if not monitored.
• Retinal Detachment: A rare but serious condition where the retina separates from the back of the eye.
• Bleeding: There might be bleeding in the eye (vitreous hemorrhage) or in the retina.
• Severe Vision Changes: Such as sudden loss of vision or worsening of vision.
• Swelling: Around the eye or in other areas.
• Itching: Or rash on the skin.
• Monitor: Keep track of any changes in your vision or eye health and report them to your specialist.
• Regular Check-Ups: Attend all scheduled follow-ups to monitor for any potential side effects.

If you experience severe symptoms or any symptoms that concern you, contact your eye specialist immediately.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and Disposal of Aflibercept Injection:

Storage:

• Temperature: Aflibercept injections should be stored in the refrigerator between 2°C and 8°C (36°F and 46°F). Do not freeze the medication.
• Protection: Keep the vial in its original packaging to protect it from light.
• Handling: Once removed from refrigeration, the vial should not be left at room temperature for more than 24 hours.

Disposal:

• Unused Medication: Any unused or expired aflibercept vials should be disposed of according to local regulations or your healthcare provider’s instructions. Do not throw them in the household trash or flush them down the toilet.
• Proper Disposal: Many areas have drug take-back programs or specific disposal instructions for medical waste. Consult your pharmacist or local waste management authorities for guidance.

In case of emergency/overdose

• Emergency: If you experience severe symptoms such as sudden vision loss, severe eye pain, or signs of an infection (e.g., redness, swelling, discharge), seek immediate medical attention.
• Overdose: Overdose is unlikely with aflibercept injections because it is administered by a healthcare professional in a controlled environment. If there are concerns or accidental over-injection, contact your healthcare provider or go to the nearest emergency room immediately.

What other information should I know?

• Inform Healthcare Providers: Always inform any healthcare provider or specialist about your aflibercept treatment, especially if you’re receiving other treatments or have upcoming procedures.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: If you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding, discuss with your healthcare provider as aflibercept’s effects in these situations are not well-documented.
• Insurance and Costs: Check with your insurance provider about coverage and potential costs associated with aflibercept injections. Some patients might qualify for financial assistance programs.
• Allergies and Reactions: Inform your healthcare provider of any known allergies or reactions to medications.
• Communication: Maintain open communication with your eye specialist about any concerns or changes in your condition.

Following these guidelines will help ensure the safe and effective use of aflibercept injections.