WARNING

Cisplatin, also known as Cis-Platinum II, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat various types of cancers. While effective, it carries several risks and side effects:

• Kidney Damage: Cisplatin can cause kidney toxicity, potentially leading to acute kidney injury or long-term damage. Kidney function tests are often monitored closely during treatment.
• Nausea and Vomiting: These are common side effects and can be severe without proper management. Anti-nausea medications are typically prescribed to help alleviate these symptoms.
• Hearing Loss: Cisplatin can cause damage to the inner ear structures, leading to hearing loss or ringing in the ears (tinnitus). This side effect may be irreversible.
• Peripheral Neuropathy: Some patients experience tingling, numbness, or pain in their hands and feet (peripheral neuropathy) due to nerve damage caused by cisplatin.
• Bone Marrow Suppression: Cisplatin can suppress bone marrow function, leading to decreased production of blood cells (white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets). This can increase the risk of infections, anemia, and bleeding.
• Allergic Reactions: Although rare, some individuals may experience allergic reactions to cisplatin, ranging from mild rash to severe anaphylaxis.
• Risk of Secondary Cancers: Long-term use of cisplatin may increase the risk of developing secondary cancers, although the benefits of treating the primary cancer usually outweigh this risk.
• Electrolyte Imbalance: Cisplatin can disturb the balance of electrolytes in the body, such as sodium, potassium, magnesium, and calcium, which may require monitoring and supplementation.
• Liver Toxicity: In some cases, cisplatin may cause liver enzyme abnormalities or liver damage.
• Fertility Issues: Cisplatin can affect fertility in both men and women, causing temporary or permanent infertility.

It’s essential for patients receiving cisplatin to be closely monitored by healthcare professionals to manage these risks and side effects effectively.

Why is this medication prescribed?

Cisplatin (Cis-Platinum II) is prescribed primarily for its effectiveness in treating various types of cancers. It is commonly used in the following situations:

• Solid Tumor Cancers: Cisplatin is effective against a wide range of solid tumors, including cancers of the bladder, ovaries, testicles, lung, head and neck, and others.
• Combination Therapy: It is often used in combination with other chemotherapy drugs or radiation therapy to enhance treatment efficacy.
• Neoadjuvant Therapy: Cisplatin may be given before surgery or radiation to shrink tumors and facilitate more effective local treatment.
• Metastatic Disease: It is used to treat cancers that have spread (metastasized) to other parts of the body.

How should this medicine be used?

Here are some general guidelines for using Cis-Platinum II:

• Administration: Cisplatin is typically administered intravenously (IV) in a hospital or clinic setting by trained healthcare professionals.
• Dosage: The dosage of cisplatin varies depending on factors such as the type of cancer, patient’s overall health, and other treatments being given. It is usually calculated based on body surface area.
• Frequency: Cisplatin is usually given in cycles, with a period of treatment followed by a rest period to allow the body to recover.
• Pre-medication: Patients often receive pre-medications, such as anti-nausea drugs, to minimize common side effects like nausea and vomiting.
• Monitoring: Throughout treatment, patients undergo regular monitoring of blood counts, kidney function, and other parameters to manage potential side effects and adjust treatment as needed.
• Follow-up Care: After completing a course of cisplatin, patients typically undergo follow-up evaluations to assess treatment response and manage any long-term side effects or complications.

It’s crucial for patients to strictly follow their healthcare provider’s instructions regarding the use of cisplatin and to communicate any concerns or side effects promptly.

Other uses for this medicine

• Osteosarcoma: Cisplatin may be used in combination with other chemotherapy drugs for the treatment of osteosarcoma, a type of bone cancer.
• Cervical Cancer: It can be part of chemotherapy regimens for advanced or recurrent cervical cancer.
• Esophageal Cancer: Cisplatin is sometimes used in combination with other drugs for the treatment of esophageal cancer.
• Bladder Cancer: It can be used as part of a chemotherapy regimen for bladder cancer, often in combination with other drugs like gemcitabine.
• Mesothelioma: Cisplatin may be used in combination with other chemotherapy agents for the treatment of mesothelioma, a cancer of the lining of the lungs or abdomen.
• Head and Neck Cancer: It is used in combination with other drugs for the treatment of head and neck cancers, including nasopharyngeal cancer and others.

What special precautions should I follow?

When undergoing treatment with cisplatin, it’s essential to follow specific precautions to ensure safety and minimize potential complications:

• Kidney Function Monitoring: Regular monitoring of kidney function is crucial due to the risk of kidney toxicity. Your healthcare provider will perform blood tests before and during treatment to assess kidney function.
• Hydration: Adequate hydration before and after cisplatin administration helps protect the kidneys. Your healthcare provider may recommend intravenous fluids to maintain hydration.
• Hearing Evaluation: Regular hearing tests are recommended during treatment with cisplatin to monitor for potential hearing loss or tinnitus (ringing in the ears).
• Peripheral Neuropathy: Be aware of signs of peripheral neuropathy, such as tingling or numbness in the hands and feet. Inform your doctor if you experience these symptoms.
• Fertility Considerations: Cisplatin can affect fertility in both men and women. Discuss fertility preservation options with your healthcare provider before starting treatment if this is a concern.
• Sun Protection: Cisplatin may increase sensitivity to sunlight. Use sunscreen, wear protective clothing, and avoid prolonged sun exposure to prevent sunburn.
• Regular Follow-Up: Attend all scheduled appointments with your healthcare provider for monitoring of side effects and adjustment of treatment as needed.
• Medication Interactions: Inform your doctor about all medications, supplements, and herbal products you are taking, as cisplatin may interact with other drugs.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Cisplatin can harm an unborn baby. It is important to use effective contraception during treatment and avoid breastfeeding.
• Handling and Disposal: Cisplatin should be handled with care, using gloves and protective equipment as directed. Proper disposal of unused or expired cisplatin is necessary to prevent accidental exposure.

By following these precautions and guidelines, you can help ensure that your treatment with cisplatin is as safe and effective as possible, while minimizing the risk of side effects and complications. Always communicate openly with your healthcare team about any concerns or questions you have during your treatment.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

• Hydration: Drink plenty of fluids to help flush cisplatin from your body and maintain kidney function. Water is typically the best choice, but your healthcare provider may recommend specific fluids or electrolyte solutions.
• Balanced Diet: Maintain a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins. This supports overall health and helps your body cope with the effects of treatment.
• Avoid Alcohol: Limit or avoid alcohol consumption, as it can exacerbate certain side effects and potentially interact with cisplatin.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

If you miss a dose of cisplatin, contact your healthcare provider immediately. The timing and frequency of chemotherapy doses are critical for treatment effectiveness. Your doctor will provide guidance on whether the missed dose needs to be rescheduled or if adjustments to your treatment plan are necessary.

Never double up on doses unless instructed by your healthcare provider, as this can increase the risk of side effects without improving treatment outcomes.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Cisplatin (Cis-Platinum II) can cause a range of side effects, which can vary in severity from person to person. These side effects can affect different parts of the body and may include:

• Nausea and Vomiting: Common side effects of cisplatin treatment, which can be managed with anti-nausea medications.
• Kidney Damage: Cisplatin can cause kidney toxicity, leading to acute kidney injury or long-term kidney damage.
• Hearing Loss: Cisplatin can damage the inner ear structures, causing hearing loss or ringing in the ears (tinnitus). This side effect may be irreversible.
• Peripheral Neuropathy: Tingling, numbness, or pain in the hands and feet (peripheral neuropathy) can occur due to nerve damage caused by cisplatin.
• Bone Marrow Suppression: Cisplatin can suppress bone marrow function, leading to decreased production of blood cells (white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets). This can increase the risk of infections, anemia, and bleeding.
• Allergic Reactions: While rare, some individuals may experience allergic reactions to cisplatin, ranging from mild rash to severe anaphylaxis.
• Electrolyte Imbalance: Cisplatin can disturb the balance of electrolytes in the body, such as sodium, potassium, magnesium, and calcium, which may require monitoring and supplementation.
• Liver Toxicity: Cisplatin may cause liver enzyme abnormalities or liver damage in some cases.
• Gastrointestinal Effects: Diarrhea, constipation, and abdominal pain are possible gastrointestinal side effects.
• Hair Loss: Cisplatin can cause temporary hair loss.
• Fertility Issues: Cisplatin can affect fertility in both men and women, causing temporary or permanent infertility.
• Changes in Taste: Some people may experience changes in taste or loss of appetite during treatment with cisplatin.
• Fatigue: Feeling tired or weak is a common side effect of chemotherapy.

It’s important for patients undergoing cisplatin treatment to communicate any side effects to their healthcare provider promptly. Many side effects can be managed with supportive care, medications, or adjustments to the treatment plan. Regular monitoring and follow-up appointments are crucial to monitor for side effects and adjust treatment as needed.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and Disposal of Cisplatin (Cis-Platinum II):

• Storage: Cisplatin should be stored at room temperature, typically between 20-25°C (68-77°F). It should be kept in its original packaging or container to protect it from light and moisture.
• Handling: Always handle cisplatin with care, using gloves and other protective equipment as directed by healthcare professionals. Avoid direct contact with the skin or inhalation of fumes if reconstituting or preparing the medication.
• Disposal: Proper disposal of cisplatin is crucial to prevent accidental exposure. Follow specific instructions provided by your healthcare provider or pharmacist. Typically, unused or expired cisplatin should be returned to a healthcare facility or pharmacy for proper disposal according to local regulations.

In case of emergency/overdose

• Emergency: In case of an emergency, such as severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis), difficulty breathing, or any other serious symptoms, call emergency services (911 in the United States) immediately.
• Overdose: Symptoms of cisplatin overdose may include severe nausea, vomiting, kidney damage, and bone marrow suppression. If you suspect an overdose or experience any severe side effects, contact your healthcare provider or seek emergency medical attention right away.

What other information should I know?

• Regular Monitoring: During treatment with cisplatin, you will undergo regular blood tests and medical check-ups to monitor for side effects and assess treatment effectiveness.
• Medication Interactions: Inform your healthcare provider about all medications, supplements, and herbal products you are taking before starting cisplatin, as they may interact with each other.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Cisplatin can harm an unborn baby. Inform your doctor if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding.
• Sun Exposure: Cisplatin may increase sensitivity to sunlight. Use sunscreen and protective clothing to avoid sunburns.
• Supportive Care: Your healthcare provider may prescribe medications to manage side effects such as nausea or neuropathy. Follow their instructions carefully.
• Patient Education: Understand the potential side effects of cisplatin and how to manage them. Be proactive in discussing any concerns or questions with your healthcare team.

By following these guidelines and staying informed, you can maximize the benefits of cisplatin treatment while minimizing potential risks and complications. Always adhere to your healthcare provider’s instructions regarding the use and management of cisplatin.