WARNING

Adalimumab is generally considered safe and effective for many individuals, but like any medication, it comes with potential risks. It’s important to note that the benefits of Adalimumab often outweigh the risks for individuals with specific autoimmune or inflammatory conditions. Here are some potential risks associated with Adalimumab:

• Infections: Adalimumab suppresses the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to infections. Serious infections, including tuberculosis (TB) and fungal, bacterial, or viral infections, can occur. Before starting treatment, individuals are typically screened for infections, and caution is exercised during ongoing treatment.
• Malignancies: There have been reports of an increased risk of certain cancers, including lymphoma and skin cancers, in individuals treated with TNF inhibitors like Adalimumab. The risk is believed to be higher in individuals with a history of certain cancers.
• Hepatitis B Reactivation: In some cases, Adalimumab has been associated with the reactivation of hepatitis B in individuals with a previous infection. Screening for hepatitis B before starting treatment is typically recommended.
• Neurological Events: Rare cases of central nervous system disorders, including demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis, have been reported.
• Heart Failure: Adalimumab may exacerbate heart failure in some individuals. It’s important to monitor individuals with a history of heart failure closely.
• Injection Site Reactions: Localized reactions at the injection site, such as redness, swelling, or pain, can occur. Rotating injection sites and proper injection techniques can help minimize these reactions.
• Blood Disorders: Adalimumab may affect blood cell counts, and periodic monitoring is usually recommended.
• Allergic Reactions: In rare cases, individuals may experience allergic reactions to Adalimumab, including anaphylaxis. Seek medical attention if you experience symptoms like difficulty breathing, swelling, or severe rash.
• Autoimmune Reactions: TNF inhibitors like Adalimumab have been associated with the development of autoimmune reactions, such as lupus-like symptoms.

It’s crucial for individuals considering or using Adalimumab to discuss their medical history, including any pre-existing conditions or medications, with their healthcare provider. Regular monitoring and follow-up appointments are typically part of the treatment plan to detect and manage any potential risks. Always consult with your healthcare provider for personalized information based on your health status and medical history.

Why is this medication prescribed?

Adalimumab is a medication that belongs to a class of drugs called tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors. It is prescribed for the treatment of various autoimmune conditions and inflammatory diseases. The primary indications for prescribing Adalimumab include:

• Rheumatoid Arthritis: Adalimumab is used to reduce the signs and symptoms of moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis, an autoimmune disease that affects the joints.
• Psoriatic Arthritis: This medication is prescribed for the treatment of psoriatic arthritis, a type of arthritis that affects some people with psoriasis.
• Ankylosing Spondylitis: Adalimumab is used to treat ankylosing spondylitis, a type of arthritis that primarily affects the spine.
• Crohn’s Disease: Adalimumab is indicated for the treatment of moderate to severe Crohn’s disease, an inflammatory bowel disease.
• Ulcerative Colitis: In cases of moderate to severe ulcerative colitis, Adalimumab may be prescribed to induce and maintain clinical remission.
• Plaque Psoriasis: Adalimumab is used for the treatment of moderate to severe plaque psoriasis, a skin condition characterized by red, itchy, and scaly patches.
• Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Adalimumab may be prescribed for the treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis in children.

How should this medicine be used?

Here are some general guidelines on how Adalimumab injection may be used:

• Administration: Adalimumab is typically administered as a subcutaneous injection. The injection is usually given by a healthcare professional, but some patients may be taught to self-inject under the guidance of their healthcare provider.
• Dosage: The dosage and frequency of Adalimumab injections can vary depending on the specific condition being treated. Your healthcare provider will determine the appropriate dosage and schedule for your individual needs.
• Injection Site: The injections are usually administered in the thigh or abdomen. Rotate injection sites to minimize the risk of irritation or reactions at the injection site.
• Storage: Adalimumab should be stored in the refrigerator. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions regarding storage and handling.

Always consult with your healthcare provider for personalized advice and guidance. They will provide you with the specific instructions based on your medical history and the nature of your condition. Additionally, they can address any concerns or questions you may have about the medication.

Other uses for this medicine

Adalimumab is primarily used for the treatment of inflammatory conditions, but it may have off-label uses. Off-label use refers to the use of a medication for a purpose not specifically approved by regulatory authorities. This might be done when the healthcare provider determines that the potential benefits outweigh the risks for a particular patient.

What special precautions should I follow?

Regarding special precautions for adalimumab, here are some important considerations:

• Infections: Adalimumab can increase the risk of serious infections, including tuberculosis and fungal, bacterial, and viral infections. Patients should be screened for infections before starting treatment, and caution should be exercised in those with a history of recurring infections.
• Vaccinations: Live vaccines should generally be avoided during adalimumab treatment due to the immunosuppressive nature of the medication. Inactivated vaccines may be administered, but it’s advisable to discuss the vaccination schedule with a healthcare provider.
• Monitoring: Regular monitoring is required during adalimumab treatment, including blood tests and assessments of liver function.
• Malignancies: There may be an increased risk of certain malignancies, and patients with a history of cancer should be carefully evaluated before starting adalimumab.
• Heart Failure: Adalimumab may exacerbate heart failure, and caution is advised in patients with pre-existing heart conditions.

As always, it’s important to follow the specific instructions provided by the prescribing healthcare professional and to communicate any concerns or side effects promptly. Regular follow-up appointments and open communication with the healthcare team are crucial for the safe and effective use of adalimumab.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

There are typically no specific dietary restrictions associated with Adalimumab. However, maintaining a healthy and balanced diet is important for overall well-being, especially when managing chronic conditions. Ensure you stay well-hydrated and discuss any specific dietary concerns with your healthcare provider or a registered dietitian.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

If you forget to take a dose of Adalimumab, contact your healthcare provider as soon as possible for guidance. It’s important not to double the dose to make up for a missed one. Your healthcare provider may provide instructions on whether to take the missed dose or wait until the next scheduled dose.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Adalimumab, like any medication, can cause side effects. It’s important to note that not everyone will experience these side effects, and the severity can vary from person to person. Additionally, the benefits of the medication in managing specific autoimmune conditions often outweigh the potential risks for many individuals. Common side effects, as well as more serious but less common side effects, include:

Common Side Effects:

• Injection Site Reactions: Redness, itching, pain, or swelling at the site of injection is a common side effect.
• Upper Respiratory Infections: This can include symptoms such as a runny nose, sore throat, and cough.
• Headache: Some individuals may experience headaches.
• Rash: Skin reactions, including rashes, are possible.
• Nausea: Some people may experience nausea.

Serious Side Effects (Less Common):

• Infections: Adalimumab can increase the risk of serious infections, including tuberculosis, bacterial, fungal, and viral infections. It’s important to be vigilant for signs of infection, and pre-existing infections should be treated before starting adalimumab.
• Allergic Reactions: Serious allergic reactions to adalimumab are rare but can occur. Seek immediate medical attention if you experience symptoms such as difficulty breathing, swelling of the face or throat, or severe itching.
• Blood Disorders: Adalimumab may affect blood cell counts, leading to conditions such as leukopenia (low white blood cell count) or thrombocytopenia (low platelet count).
• Liver Problems: Liver function should be monitored regularly, as adalimumab can affect liver enzymes.
• Heart Failure: Adalimumab may exacerbate pre-existing heart failure or contribute to the development of heart failure.
• Neurological Symptoms: Rarely, neurological symptoms such as multiple sclerosis-like symptoms or seizures have been reported.
• Malignancies: There may be an increased risk of certain cancers, although the overall risk is generally considered low.

It’s important for individuals using adalimumab to be aware of potential side effects and to promptly report any new or worsening symptoms to their healthcare provider. Regular monitoring and communication with the healthcare team are crucial for ensuring the safe and effective use of adalimumab. Before starting adalimumab or any medication, individuals should discuss their medical history, including any pre-existing conditions, with their healthcare provider to assess potential risks and benefits.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and Disposal of Adalimumab Injection:

• Storage:
  • Refrigeration: Adalimumab should be stored in the refrigerator at a temperature between 36°F to 46°F (2°C to 8°C). Do not freeze. However, some adalimumab products may have specific storage instructions, so it’s crucial to follow the guidance provided with the specific medication.
  • Protection from Light: Adalimumab should be protected from light. Keep it in its original carton until it’s time to use the medication.
  • Avoid Shaking: Do not shake the adalimumab solution. Gently rotate or swirl the solution to mix it before use.
  • Expiration Date: Check the expiration date on the medication. Do not use adalimumab if it has passed the expiration date.
• Disposal:

Proper disposal is important to prevent accidental exposure to the medication and to protect the environment. Follow these guidelines:

• Sharps Disposal: Adalimumab is usually administered via a subcutaneous injection. Dispose of used needles and syringes in a sharps disposal container. Do not throw them in the household trash.
• Unused Medication: If you have unused or expired adalimumab, consult with your healthcare provider or pharmacist for proper disposal instructions. Do not dispose of it in the household trash or flush it down the toilet unless instructed to do so.

In case of emergency/overdose

In case of an emergency or suspected overdose, seek medical attention immediately. The symptoms of an overdose or adverse reaction may vary, and professional medical evaluation is essential. If you or someone else has injected too much adalimumab, go to the nearest emergency room or call your local emergency number.

What other information should I know?

• Regular Monitoring: Adalimumab use often involves regular monitoring, including blood tests to assess for potential side effects and the effectiveness of treatment. Attend all scheduled appointments with your healthcare provider.
• Inform Healthcare Providers: Make sure to inform all healthcare providers involved in your care that you are using adalimumab. This includes dentists, surgeons, and emergency medical personnel.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: If you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding, discuss this with your healthcare provider. The risks and benefits of using adalimumab during pregnancy or breastfeeding should be carefully considered.
• Interactions with Other Medications: Inform your healthcare provider about all the medications, vitamins, and supplements you are taking. Some medications may interact with adalimumab.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions for the use, storage, and disposal of adalimumab. If you have any questions or concerns, don’t hesitate to discuss them with your healthcare team.