WARNING

While Xigduo XR can be an effective medication for managing type 2 diabetes, it is essential to be aware of potential risks associated with its use. Some of the risks include:

• Dehydration: Xigduo XR can increase the risk of dehydration, especially in individuals taking diuretics or with kidney problems. It’s important to stay well-hydrated, particularly during hot weather or when engaging in vigorous physical activity.
• Kidney Function: Dapagliflozin, one of the components of Xigduo XR, can affect kidney function, and in some cases, may lead to acute kidney injury. Kidney function should be regularly monitored, especially in individuals with pre-existing kidney issues.
• Genital and Urinary Tract Infections: Xigduo XR, particularly the dapagliflozin component, may increase the risk of genital and urinary tract infections. Practicing good hygiene is essential, and any signs of infection should be promptly reported to a healthcare provider.
• Hypotension (Low Blood Pressure): Dapagliflozin can cause a decrease in blood pressure, leading to symptoms like dizziness. Blood pressure should be monitored regularly.
• Lactic Acidosis (with Metformin): Metformin, another component of Xigduo XR, may rarely cause lactic acidosis. This is a serious condition that requires immediate medical attention.
• Hypoglycemia (Low Blood Sugar): Xigduo XR, when used with other antidiabetic medications, may increase the risk of hypoglycemia. Symptoms may include shakiness, sweating, and confusion.
• Fungal Infections and Allergic Reactions: Serious fungal infections and rare but serious allergic reactions may occur. Any signs of allergies, such as skin reactions or swelling, should be reported promptly.
• Increased Cholesterol Levels: Some individuals may experience an increase in cholesterol levels while taking Xigduo XR.

It’s crucial to discuss these potential risks with your healthcare provider before starting Xigduo XR. Your doctor will consider your individual health status, medical history, and other factors to determine whether the benefits of the medication outweigh the potential risks. Regular monitoring and open communication with your healthcare team are essential for safe and effective diabetes management with Xigduo XR.

Why is this medication prescribed?

Xigduo XR is a prescription medication used to treat type 2 diabetes. It is a combination of two active ingredients: dapagliflozin and metformin. Dapagliflozin belongs to a class of drugs called sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, while metformin is a biguanide.

• Dapagliflozin (SGLT2 Inhibitor): It works by reducing the reabsorption of glucose by the kidneys, allowing excess glucose to be excreted in the urine. This helps lower blood sugar levels.
• Metformin: It decreases the amount of glucose produced by the liver and improves the body’s response to insulin, thereby helping to lower blood sugar levels.

How should this medicine be used?

Here are some general guidelines for using Xigduo XR:

• Dosage: The dosage of Xigduo XR will be determined by your healthcare provider based on your individual needs and response to treatment.
• Administration: It is typically taken orally, once a day with the evening meal. The tablet should be swallowed whole and not crushed, split, or chewed.
• Compliance: Follow your healthcare provider’s instructions carefully. Do not change the dosage without consulting your doctor.
• Monitoring: Regularly monitor your blood sugar levels as directed by your healthcare provider. This helps ensure that the medication is effectively managing your diabetes.
• Diet and Exercise: Xigduo XR is usually prescribed as part of a comprehensive treatment plan that includes a healthy diet and regular exercise. Follow your healthcare provider’s recommendations regarding diet and physical activity.
• Missed Dose: If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double up on doses to make up for a missed one.
• Side Effects: Be aware of potential side effects and contact your healthcare provider if you experience any unusual or severe symptoms.
• Precautions: Inform your healthcare provider about any other medications you are taking, as well as any medical conditions you have. Certain medications and conditions may interact with Xigduo XR.

It’s important to note that the information provided here is general, and individual circumstances may vary. Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and consult them for any specific questions or concerns about your medication.

Other uses for this medicine

Xigduo XR is primarily prescribed for the management of type 2 diabetes, and its use for other conditions is not typically recommended unless specifically directed by a healthcare professional. It’s important to use the medication only as prescribed by your doctor and for the approved indication.

What special precautions should I follow?

As for special precautions, it’s crucial to follow the advice of your healthcare provider and the instructions on the medication label. However, common precautions for Xigduo XR or medications containing dapagliflozin and metformin may include:

• Kidney Function Monitoring: Both dapagliflozin and metformin can affect kidney function. Regular monitoring of kidney function through blood tests may be recommended.
• Hydration: Adequate fluid intake is important, especially if you are at risk of dehydration. This is because dapagliflozin can increase the risk of dehydration.
• Blood Sugar Monitoring: Regular monitoring of blood sugar levels is essential to ensure that the medication is effectively controlling diabetes.
• Lactic Acidosis Risk: Metformin has been associated with a rare but serious condition called lactic acidosis. This risk is higher in individuals with kidney problems, liver disease, or conditions that can cause a decrease in oxygen delivery to tissues (e.g., congestive heart failure). Your healthcare provider may perform periodic checks to assess your risk.
• Medical History: Inform your healthcare provider about your complete medical history, especially if you have a history of kidney problems, liver disease, heart conditions, or any other significant health issues.
• Interactions with Other Medications: Provide a list of all medications, including over-the-counter drugs, supplements, and herbal products, to your healthcare provider to check for potential interactions.

Always take medications as prescribed by your healthcare provider, and do not make any changes to your medication regimen without consulting them. If you experience any side effects or have concerns about your medication, contact your healthcare provider promptly.

Please note that the information provided here is general and may not cover all the specific precautions for your individual case. Always rely on the guidance of your healthcare provider for personalized advice related to your health and medications.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

Special Dietary Instructions for Xigduo XR:

• Consistent Diet: Maintain a consistent and balanced diet. Work with a healthcare professional or dietitian to develop a meal plan that supports your diabetes management.
• Carbohydrate Monitoring: Xigduo XR works in part by reducing the reabsorption of glucose in the kidneys. Monitoring carbohydrate intake can help manage blood sugar levels effectively.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

If you forget to take a dose of Xigduo XR:

• Take it as Soon as Possible: If you remember within a few hours of the missed dose, take it as soon as you remember.
• Skip if Closer to Next Dose: If it is almost time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and take your next dose at the regular time.
• Don’t Double Up: Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Xigduo XR, like any medication, can cause side effects. It’s important to note that not everyone will experience these side effects, and some individuals may experience side effects that are not listed. If you are prescribed Xigduo XR, your healthcare provider will weigh the benefits of the medication against the potential risks and monitor you for any adverse effects. Common side effects and less common but serious side effects of Xigduo XR include:

Common Side Effects:

• Genital Infections: Increased risk of urinary tract infections and genital infections, such as yeast infections, due to the presence of dapagliflozin.
• Urinary Frequency: Dapagliflozin can increase urine production, leading to more frequent urination.
• Thirst and Dehydration: Increased urine production can result in increased thirst and a higher risk of dehydration.
• Hypotension (Low Blood Pressure): Dapagliflozin may cause a decrease in blood pressure, leading to symptoms like dizziness.
• Increased Cholesterol Levels: Some individuals may experience an increase in cholesterol levels.
• Hypoglycemia (Low Blood Sugar): When used with other antidiabetic medications, Xigduo XR may increase the risk of hypoglycemia. Symptoms may include shakiness, sweating, and confusion.

Less Common but Serious Side Effects:

• Lactic Acidosis (with Metformin): A rare but potentially serious condition that may occur with metformin. Symptoms include muscle pain, difficulty breathing, and stomach discomfort.
• Kidney Problems: Dapagliflozin can affect kidney function, and in some cases, may lead to acute kidney injury.
• Fungal Infections: Serious fungal infections, such as necrotizing fasciitis of the perineum (Fournier’s gangrene), have been reported.
• Allergic Reactions: Rare but serious allergic reactions, such as skin reactions and angioedema (swelling under the skin), may occur.

It’s important to report any side effects or concerns to your healthcare provider promptly. Additionally, inform your healthcare provider about any other medications or supplements you are taking, as drug interactions can occur.

This list is not exhaustive, and individuals may react differently to medications. Always follow your healthcare provider’s guidance, attend regular check-ups, and communicate openly about any symptoms or concerns you may have. If you experience severe or persistent side effects, seek medical attention immediately.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and Disposal of Xigduo XR:

• Storage:
  • Store Xigduo XR at room temperature, away from excessive heat and moisture.
  • Keep the medication in its original packaging or container.
  • Store it out of reach of children and pets.
• Disposal:
  • Dispose of Xigduo XR as instructed by your healthcare provider or pharmacist.
  • Do not flush medications down the toilet unless instructed to do so.
  • Check with your local pharmacy or healthcare facility for guidance on proper medication disposal.

In case of emergency/overdose

If you suspect an overdose or experience severe symptoms, seek emergency medical attention. Symptoms of overdose with Xigduo XR may include:

• Severe hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) symptoms: confusion, shakiness, sweating, fainting.
• Severe dehydration symptoms: extreme thirst, very dry mouth, reduced urine output.

What other information should I know?

• Regular Monitoring: Regularly monitor blood sugar levels as directed by your healthcare provider.
• Medical and Laboratory Tests: Attend scheduled medical appointments and laboratory tests to monitor your response to Xigduo XR.
• Other Medications: Inform your healthcare provider about all medications, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements, to check for potential interactions.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Inform your healthcare provider if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding.
• Alcohol Interaction: Limit alcohol consumption as it can interact with Xigduo XR and increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
• Illness or Surgery: Inform healthcare providers about your use of Xigduo XR before any surgery or medical procedure.
• Diet and Exercise: Follow dietary and exercise recommendations provided by your healthcare provider.
• Missed Dose: If you forget a dose, take it as soon as you remember. Do not double up on doses.
• Symptoms to Report: Report any unusual or severe symptoms to your healthcare provider, including signs of infections, changes in urination, or allergic reactions.
• Emergency Contact: Know how to contact emergency services in case of a severe reaction or emergency.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and consult them for any specific concerns or questions regarding your medication. If you have any doubts or concerns about Xigduo XR, it’s crucial to discuss them with your healthcare team.