Why is this medication prescribed?

Vidaza is a brand name for the medication azacitidine. It is primarily prescribed for the treatment of certain types of bone marrow disorders, including myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). MDS refers to a group of disorders characterized by ineffective production of blood cells in the bone marrow. Vidaza is also used to treat acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in patients who are not candidates for standard chemotherapy.

Azacitidine is a type of chemotherapy that works by interfering with the growth of cancer cells in the body. It is considered a hypomethylating agent, meaning it can help restore normal function to cells that are not growing properly.

How should this medicine be used?

Vidaza (azacitidine) is typically administered as an injection under the skin (subcutaneous injection). The exact dosage and treatment schedule may vary based on individual patient factors, including the specific type of condition being treated and the patient’s overall health. It’s crucial to follow the healthcare provider’s instructions carefully. Here are some general guidelines:

• Administration: Vidaza is administered by a healthcare professional, usually in a clinic or hospital setting. The injection is given just under the skin, and the injection site may vary (commonly in the thigh or abdomen).
• Dosage: The dosage of Vidaza and the treatment schedule will be determined by the healthcare provider based on the patient’s condition. It is often given in cycles, with a specific number of days of treatment followed by a rest period.
• Frequency: Treatment cycles typically last for several days, and these cycles may be repeated over several weeks. The healthcare provider will determine the appropriate frequency of treatment based on the patient’s response and overall health.
• Monitoring: During treatment with Vidaza, patients will be monitored closely for any side effects or changes in blood counts. Blood tests may be conducted regularly to assess the response to the medication.
• Adherence: It’s crucial for patients to adhere to the prescribed treatment plan and attend all scheduled appointments. Missing doses or deviating from the recommended schedule can impact the effectiveness of the treatment.
• Side Effects: Patients should be aware of potential side effects and promptly report any unusual or severe symptoms to their healthcare provider. Side effects may include nausea, fatigue, injection site reactions, and changes in blood counts.
• Follow-up: Regular follow-up appointments with the healthcare team are important to assess the progress of the treatment and make any necessary adjustments to the dosage or schedule.

It’s essential for patients to communicate openly with their healthcare provider about their symptoms, concerns, and any challenges they may be experiencing during treatment. This information is a general guideline, and individualized instructions from a healthcare professional should always be followed.

Other uses for this medicine

In addition to its primary use in the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and certain cases of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), Vidaza (azacitidine) is sometimes used off-label for other conditions. Off-label use means that the medication is being used for a purpose not approved by regulatory authorities but is based on the judgment of the healthcare provider.

What special precautions should I follow?

Special precautions should be taken when using Vidaza, and patients should follow their healthcare provider’s instructions closely. Here are some general precautions associated with Vidaza:

• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Vidaza may cause harm to the fetus, so it is important to inform the healthcare provider if you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant. Breastfeeding should be avoided during treatment with Vidaza.
• Allergies: Patients should inform their healthcare provider about any allergies they may have, especially to azacitidine or similar medications.
• Blood Disorders: Vidaza affects the bone marrow and blood cells. Patients with pre-existing blood disorders or compromised bone marrow function may require close monitoring and dose adjustments.
• Liver and Kidney Function: Patients with impaired liver or kidney function may require dose adjustments, and their organ function should be monitored during treatment.
• Infections: Vidaza may suppress the immune system, increasing the risk of infections. Patients should report any signs of infection, such as fever or persistent sore throat, to their healthcare provider.
• Concurrent Medications: Patients should inform their healthcare provider about all medications, vitamins, and supplements they are taking, as certain drugs may interact with Vidaza.
• Fertility: Vidaza may affect fertility, and patients interested in preserving fertility should discuss this with their healthcare provider before starting treatment.
• Vaccinations: Patients should discuss vaccination schedules with their healthcare provider, as certain vaccines may be recommended before starting Vidaza treatment.
• Driving and Operating Machinery: Vidaza may cause dizziness or fatigue. Patients should use caution when driving or operating machinery until they know how the medication affects them.

It’s important to note that these are general precautions, and individual circumstances may warrant additional considerations. Patients should communicate openly with their healthcare provider about their medical history, current medications, and any concerns or side effects experienced during treatment with Vidaza. Always follow the specific instructions provided by the healthcare team.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

There are typically no specific dietary restrictions associated with Vidaza. However, it’s essential to maintain a healthy and balanced diet to support overall well-being during treatment.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

If you forget a dose of Vidaza, contact your healthcare provider as soon as possible. Do not double up on doses to make up for a missed one unless instructed to do so by your healthcare provider. It’s important to stay on schedule with your treatment plan for the best possible outcomes.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Vidaza (azacitidine) can cause a range of side effects, and the severity and occurrence of these side effects can vary from person to person. It’s important to note that not everyone will experience all of these side effects, and some individuals may not experience any. Common side effects of Vidaza include:

• Nausea and Vomiting: Feeling nauseous or vomiting can occur during Vidaza treatment. Taking the medication with food may help alleviate these symptoms.
• Injection Site Reactions: Pain, redness, swelling, or irritation at the injection site are common. Rotating injection sites and using proper injection techniques may help minimize these reactions.
• Low Blood Cell Counts: Vidaza affects the bone marrow, which can lead to low blood cell counts. This includes low levels of red blood cells (anemia), white blood cells (leukopenia), and platelets (thrombocytopenia). This may result in fatigue, increased susceptibility to infections, and easy bruising or bleeding.
• Fever and Flu-like Symptoms: Some patients may experience flu-like symptoms, including fever, chills, and body aches.
• Fatigue: Feeling tired or lethargic is a common side effect of Vidaza.
• Diarrhea or Constipation: Changes in bowel habits, including diarrhea or constipation, may occur.
• Rash or Skin Irritation: Skin reactions, such as rash or irritation, may occur.
• Liver Function Changes: Vidaza can affect liver function, and in some cases, liver enzyme levels may increase. Regular monitoring of liver function is typically performed during treatment.
• Cough or Shortness of Breath: Some patients may experience respiratory symptoms, such as cough or shortness of breath.
• Loss of Appetite: A decrease in appetite may occur.
• Dizziness or Headache: Some individuals may experience dizziness or headaches.

It’s important to promptly report any severe or persistent side effects to your healthcare provider. Additionally, patients should attend all scheduled follow-up appointments and laboratory tests to monitor their response to treatment and detect any potential complications.

This list is not exhaustive, and other side effects may occur. The information provided here is a general overview, and individual responses to medication can vary. Always consult with your healthcare provider for personalized information and guidance based on your specific health condition.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and Disposal of Vidaza:

• Storage:
  • Vidaza is usually provided as a powder that needs to be reconstituted before administration. Follow the storage instructions provided by your healthcare provider or the pharmacist.
  • Typically, the reconstituted solution should be stored in the refrigerator, and it should be used within a certain timeframe after reconstitution. Follow specific storage instructions provided with the medication.
• Disposal:
  • Dispose of unused Vidaza and related materials (needles, syringes) as directed by your healthcare provider or pharmacist.
  • It’s important to follow proper disposal procedures to ensure the safe and environmentally friendly disposal of medical waste.

In case of emergency/overdose

In case of an emergency or suspected overdose, contact your local poison control center (1-800-222-1222 in the United States) or seek emergency medical attention. Overdose symptoms may include severe nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and increased severity of other side effects. Provide the healthcare professionals with information about the medication and the amount taken.

What other information should I know?

• Regular Follow-Up: Attend all scheduled appointments with your healthcare provider for monitoring and adjustments to your treatment plan.
• Blood Counts: Regular blood tests are often conducted to monitor blood cell counts and overall response to treatment. Inform your healthcare provider of any unusual symptoms, such as persistent fever, signs of infection, or unusual bruising or bleeding.
• Inform Healthcare Providers: Inform all healthcare providers involved in your care, including dentists and specialists, that you are receiving Vidaza. This is important for coordination of care and consideration of potential interactions with other medications or treatments.
• Patient Education: Understand the potential side effects of Vidaza and know when to seek medical attention. Report any unusual or severe symptoms to your healthcare provider.
• Medication Interactions: Inform your healthcare provider about all medications, vitamins, and supplements you are taking to avoid potential interactions.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: If you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding, discuss the risks and benefits of Vidaza with your healthcare provider.
• Driving and Operating Machinery: Be cautious about activities that require alertness, as Vidaza may cause dizziness or fatigue.
• Patient Assistance Programs: If needed, inquire about patient assistance programs that may provide financial assistance for Vidaza.

Always follow the specific instructions provided by your healthcare team and consult them for any questions or concerns. This information is a general guide, and individual circumstances may warrant additional considerations.