Why is this medication prescribed?

Verapamil is a medication belonging to the class of calcium channel blockers. It is commonly prescribed for various cardiovascular conditions, primarily to treat high blood pressure (hypertension), angina (chest pain), and certain heart rhythm disorders such as atrial fibrillation and supraventricular tachycardia.

Here are some common uses of Verapamil:

• Hypertension (High Blood Pressure): Verapamil helps to relax blood vessels, making it easier for the heart to pump blood and reducing the workload on the heart.
• Angina Pectoris (Angina): Verapamil can dilate coronary arteries, increasing blood flow to the heart muscle, and thereby relieving chest pain caused by angina.
• Cardiac Arrhythmias: Verapamil is used to control abnormal heart rhythms, especially those arising from the upper chambers of the heart (atria), such as atrial fibrillation or supraventricular tachycardia.

How should this medicine be used?

The usage of Verapamil depends on the specific condition being treated and individual patient factors. It’s crucial to follow the prescribing doctor’s instructions carefully. Here are some general guidelines:

• Dosage: The dosage of Verapamil can vary, and it’s typically determined by the healthcare provider based on factors such as the patient’s medical condition, age, and response to treatment.
• Administration: Verapamil is usually taken orally. The tablets or capsules should be swallowed whole with a full glass of water. It’s important not to crush, chew, or break the extended-release forms of Verapamil, as this may interfere with the drug’s controlled release mechanism. The extended-release forms are designed to release the medication slowly over time.
• Timing: Verapamil can be taken with or without food, but it’s essential to take it consistently in relation to meals. If your doctor prescribes it to be taken with food, follow those instructions. If taken without food, make sure to take it the same way each time.
• Regular Monitoring: Your healthcare provider may conduct regular check-ups and monitoring to assess the effectiveness of Verapamil and to check for any potential side effects. It’s important to attend these appointments and communicate any concerns or changes in your health.
• Do Not Stop Abruptly: It’s crucial not to stop taking Verapamil suddenly without consulting your healthcare provider. Abrupt discontinuation can lead to adverse effects and worsening of certain conditions. If there is a need to stop or change the medication, your doctor will provide guidance on how to do so safely.
• Interactions: Inform your healthcare provider about any other medications, supplements, or medical conditions you may have, as Verapamil can interact with other drugs and conditions. Your doctor will consider these factors when prescribing Verapamil.
• Missed Dose: If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s recommendations and ask any questions you may have about the medication. They can provide personalized advice based on your specific health situation.

Other uses for this medicine

Some off-label uses of Verapamil include:

• Migraine Prophylaxis: Verapamil may be used off-label to help prevent migraines.
• Cluster Headaches: Verapamil is sometimes used off-label to prevent cluster headaches.
• Esophageal Spasms: Verapamil may be used off-label to help relax the smooth muscles of the esophagus and alleviate symptoms of esophageal spasms.
• Raynaud’s Phenomenon: Verapamil may be used off-label to improve blood flow and reduce symptoms in people with Raynaud’s phenomenon.

What special precautions should I follow?

As for special precautions when using Verapamil, here are some important considerations:

• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: If you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding, it’s crucial to inform your healthcare provider. Verapamil should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed, as its safety during pregnancy is not well established.
• Medical Conditions: Inform your doctor about any pre-existing medical conditions, especially if you have a history of heart problems, liver or kidney disease, or certain other conditions. Your doctor will consider these factors when prescribing Verapamil.
• Drug Interactions: Verapamil can interact with various medications, including other blood pressure medications, certain antibiotics, antifungal medications, and others. Inform your healthcare provider about all the medications and supplements you are taking to avoid potential interactions.
• Allergies: Let your doctor know if you have any allergies, especially if you are allergic to Verapamil or any of its components.
• Grapefruit Interaction: Verapamil can interact with grapefruit and grapefruit juice, leading to an increased concentration of the drug in the bloodstream. Avoid consuming grapefruit or grapefruit juice while taking Verapamil unless your healthcare provider advises otherwise.
• Dizziness and Lightheadedness: Verapamil can cause dizziness and lightheadedness. Avoid activities that require alertness until you know how the medication affects you. Rise slowly from a sitting or lying position to minimize the risk of dizziness.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and inform them of any changes in your health or medications. If you have concerns or experience side effects, contact your healthcare provider promptly.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

Verapamil can be taken with or without food, but it’s essential to take it consistently in relation to meals. Follow your doctor’s instructions regarding food intake.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

• Missed Dose: If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule.
• Double Dose: Do not double up on doses to make up for a missed one. Taking more than the prescribed amount can lead to increased side effects and complications.
• Consult Your Healthcare Provider: If you have questions about what to do after missing a dose or if you frequently forget doses, contact your healthcare provider. They can provide guidance based on your specific situation.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Verapamil, like any medication, can cause side effects. Not everyone will experience these side effects, and their severity can vary. It’s important to note that the benefits of the medication, as determined by your healthcare provider, are generally considered to outweigh the potential risks of side effects. Common side effects of Verapamil include:

• Constipation: Verapamil can slow down the movement of the digestive tract, leading to constipation.
• Dizziness and Lightheadedness: Some people may experience dizziness or lightheadedness, especially when getting up from a sitting or lying position. Rising slowly can help minimize this.
• Headache: Headaches are a common side effect of Verapamil.
• Low Blood Pressure: Verapamil can lower blood pressure, and in some cases, this may lead to symptoms such as weakness or fainting.
• Edema (Swelling): Swelling of the ankles, feet, or legs can occur in some individuals taking Verapamil.
• Flushing: Some people may experience facial flushing, a warm sensation, or redness of the skin.
• Nausea or Upset Stomach: Verapamil may cause nausea or an upset stomach in some individuals.
• Gingival Hyperplasia: Prolonged use of Verapamil has been associated with an overgrowth of the gums (gingival hyperplasia) in some cases.
• Bradycardia (Slow Heart Rate): Verapamil can slow down the heart rate, and in some individuals, this may lead to bradycardia.
• Heart Block: In rare cases, Verapamil can cause heart block, a condition where the electrical signals in the heart are delayed or blocked.

It’s important to report any unusual or persistent side effects to your healthcare provider. Additionally, seek immediate medical attention if you experience more serious side effects such as difficulty breathing, chest pain, or signs of an allergic reaction (e.g., rash, itching, swelling, severe dizziness).

This is not an exhaustive list of side effects, and individual responses to medications can vary. Always consult your healthcare provider for personalized advice and information specific to your health condition and medical history.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and Disposal of Verapamil:

• Storage: Keep Verapamil in its original container, tightly closed, and away from moisture and light. Follow the storage instructions provided on the medication packaging. Generally, it is stored at room temperature, away from excessive heat.
• Keep Out of Reach of Children and Pets: Store Verapamil in a location where children and pets cannot access it. Accidental ingestion can be harmful.
• Do Not Share Medication: Do not share Verapamil with others, even if they have similar symptoms. Only use the medication prescribed for you.
• Disposal: Dispose of expired or unused medication properly. Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. Check with your pharmacist or local waste disposal company for guidelines on proper disposal.

In case of emergency/overdose

If you suspect an overdose or experience severe symptoms, seek emergency medical attention immediately. Overdose symptoms may include:

• Severe dizziness or fainting
• Trouble breathing
• Slow or irregular heartbeat
• Loss of consciousness

What other information should I know?

• Regular Check-ups: Attend regular check-ups with your healthcare provider to monitor your response to Verapamil and assess any potential side effects.
• Lab Tests: Your doctor may order periodic blood tests or other lab tests to monitor your progress and check for side effects.
• Alert Healthcare Providers: Inform any healthcare provider (dentist, surgeon, emergency room staff) about your use of Verapamil before undergoing any medical procedures or surgeries.
• Avoid Alcohol: Limit alcohol consumption while taking Verapamil, as it can enhance the side effects of the medication.
• Avoid Grapefruit: Avoid consuming grapefruit or grapefruit juice, as it can interact with Verapamil and increase the risk of side effects.
• Medication Card/Bracelet: Consider carrying a medical identification card or wearing a medical alert bracelet indicating that you are taking Verapamil. This information can be crucial in case of emergencies.
• Regular Blood Pressure Monitoring: If Verapamil is prescribed for hypertension, monitor your blood pressure regularly and report any significant changes to your healthcare provider.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s advice and instructions regarding the use of Verapamil. If you have questions or concerns, don’t hesitate to discuss them with your healthcare provider or pharmacist.