Why is this medication prescribed?

Bevacizumab is prescribed for several medical conditions, primarily as a part of cancer treatment and, in some cases, for certain eye conditions. Here are the main reasons why Bevacizumab Injection might be prescribed:

• Colorectal Cancer: Bevacizumab is used in combination with chemotherapy to treat metastatic colorectal cancer.
• Lung Cancer: It may be prescribed in combination with chemotherapy for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.
• Breast Cancer: Bevacizumab, often in combination with chemotherapy, might be used for certain advanced or metastatic breast cancers.
• Kidney Cancer: It is used in combination with interferon alfa for the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma.
• Glioblastoma Multiforme: Bevacizumab may be used for recurrent glioblastoma, a type of aggressive brain tumor.

Bevacizumab works by inhibiting the formation of new blood vessels, a process known as angiogenesis. This is crucial in cancer treatment because tumors require a blood supply to grow and spread. By blocking the growth of blood vessels, bevacizumab helps to starve the tumor of nutrients and oxygen, thereby impeding its growth.

How should this medicine be used?

The use of Bevacizumab Injection should be strictly guided by a healthcare professional, and the dosage and administration will depend on the specific medical condition being treated. Bevacizumab is typically administered as an intravenous (IV) infusion, and the process should be carried out in a clinical setting under the supervision of trained healthcare professionals. Here are some general guidelines:

• Administration: Bevacizumab is usually administered as an intravenous infusion into a vein. The infusion process may take about 90 minutes, but the exact duration can vary based on the specific protocol and dosage prescribed by the healthcare provider.
• Dosage: The dosage of Bevacizumab can vary depending on the type of cancer being treated, the specific regimen, and individual patient factors. Dosage and frequency are determined by the healthcare provider based on factors such as the patient’s weight, overall health, and the specific cancer diagnosis.
• Monitoring: During and after the infusion, patients are typically monitored for any adverse reactions or side effects. Vital signs may be checked, and healthcare providers will be attentive to any signs of allergic reactions or other complications.
• Frequency: The frequency of Bevacizumab infusions will depend on the specific treatment plan prescribed by the healthcare provider. It may be administered on a regular schedule as part of a chemotherapy regimen.
• Duration of Treatment: The duration of Bevacizumab treatment will depend on the type and stage of cancer being treated. Treatment plans can vary from a few months to longer periods.

It’s crucial for patients to adhere to the prescribed schedule and dosage and to communicate any concerns or side effects to their healthcare provider promptly. Bevacizumab is associated with potential side effects, including an increased risk of bleeding, hypertension, proteinuria (protein in the urine), and gastrointestinal perforations. Therefore, close monitoring by healthcare professionals is essential.

Always follow the specific instructions provided by your healthcare team and consult with them if you have any questions or concerns regarding the use of Bevacizumab.

Other uses for this medicine

Potential Off-Label Uses:

• Bevacizumab may be considered in certain cases of other cancer types or conditions where angiogenesis plays a role in disease progression.
• In ophthalmology, it may be used off-label for various retinal conditions beyond wet age-related macular degeneration.

What special precautions should I follow?

Patients using Bevacizumab should be aware of the following precautions:

• Bleeding Risk: Bevacizumab may increase the risk of bleeding, and it should be used with caution in patients with a history of bleeding disorders or those taking anticoagulant medications.
• Hypertension: The medication may lead to elevated blood pressure, and blood pressure should be monitored regularly during treatment. Pre-existing hypertension should be well-controlled before starting Bevacizumab.
• Gastrointestinal Perforations: Bevacizumab has been associated with an increased risk of gastrointestinal perforations. Patients with a history of bowel perforation should use it with caution.
• Proteinuria: Proteinuria (protein in the urine) may occur with Bevacizumab use. Regular monitoring of urine protein levels is recommended.
• Wound Healing: Bevacizumab may impair wound healing. It is recommended to stop the medication at least 28 days before elective surgery.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Bevacizumab may cause harm to a developing fetus, and its use during pregnancy is generally not recommended. It should not be used while breastfeeding.
• Allergic Reactions: Patients should be monitored for signs of allergic reactions during and after the infusion.

It is crucial for patients to discuss their medical history, current medications, and any concerns with their healthcare provider before starting Bevacizumab. Always follow the prescribed dosage and administration instructions and report any side effects or concerns promptly to your healthcare team.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

There are no specific dietary restrictions associated with Bevacizumab. However, maintaining a healthy and balanced diet is generally important for overall well-being, especially during cancer treatment. Your healthcare provider or a registered dietitian can provide personalized dietary recommendations based on your health status and treatment plan.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

Bevacizumab is typically administered in a clinical setting by healthcare professionals, and the dosage is carefully monitored. It is uncommon for patients to self-administer this medication. If you miss a scheduled infusion, contact your healthcare provider immediately to discuss the next steps. It is essential to adhere to the prescribed treatment schedule for optimal effectiveness.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Bevacizumab, like many medications, can cause side effects. It’s important to note that not everyone will experience these side effects, and the severity can vary from person to person. Common side effects may include:

• Hypertension (High Blood Pressure): Bevacizumab can lead to an increase in blood pressure. Regular monitoring is typically required, and antihypertensive medications may be prescribed if needed.
• Proteinuria (Protein in the Urine): Bevacizumab may cause the kidneys to excrete excess protein into the urine. Regular monitoring of urine protein levels is recommended.
• Increased Risk of Bleeding: Bevacizumab can increase the risk of bleeding, including serious and sometimes fatal bleeding. Patients with a history of bleeding disorders or those taking anticoagulant medications should be closely monitored.
• Gastrointestinal Perforations: There is an increased risk of perforations in the stomach, intestines, and other parts of the gastrointestinal tract. This can lead to serious complications.
• Wound Healing Complications: Bevacizumab may impair the healing of wounds, and elective surgery should be avoided for a certain period before and after treatment.
• Impaired Blood Clotting: Bevacizumab may affect the clotting of blood, potentially leading to clot formation or bleeding disorders.
• Neutropenia (Low White Blood Cell Count): A decrease in white blood cell count, particularly neutrophils, can occur, increasing the risk of infections.
• Fatigue: Fatigue is a common side effect of many cancer treatments, including Bevacizumab.
• Decreased Appetite: Some patients may experience a loss of appetite.
• Headache: Headaches are a reported side effect in some individuals.
• Nausea: Nausea and vomiting can occur.
• Problems with Wound Healing: Delayed wound healing or surgical wound complications can occur.
• Rare Side Effects: In rare cases, more severe side effects such as heart attack, heart failure, and severe allergic reactions may occur.

It’s essential for patients to communicate any side effects or concerns to their healthcare provider promptly. The benefits of Bevacizumab treatment should be carefully weighed against the potential risks, and healthcare professionals will closely monitor patients during the course of treatment. This list is not exhaustive, and individuals may experience other side effects. Always consult with your healthcare provider for personalized information based on your specific health condition.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and Disposal of Bevacizumab Injection:

• Storage:
  • Bevacizumab should be stored in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations, and it is typically stored in a refrigerator at a specific temperature.
  • It is essential to follow the storage instructions provided by the healthcare provider or pharmacist to maintain the stability and effectiveness of the medication.
• Disposal:
  • Proper disposal of unused or expired medications is crucial for safety and environmental reasons.
  • Consult with your healthcare provider or pharmacist on the appropriate way to dispose of any leftover Bevacizumab or empty vials. This may involve returning them to a healthcare facility or following local guidelines for medication disposal.

In case of emergency/overdose

• In case of an emergency or suspected overdose, seek immediate medical attention or contact your local poison control center.
• Overdose symptoms may include severe hypertension, bleeding, or other serious complications. It is important to receive prompt medical attention if an overdose is suspected.

What other information should I know?

• Regular Monitoring: Patients receiving Bevacizumab typically undergo regular monitoring, including blood pressure checks, laboratory tests (such as complete blood counts and kidney function tests), and imaging studies, depending on the specific condition being treated.
• Informing Healthcare Providers: Inform all healthcare providers involved in your care, including dentists and surgeons, about your use of Bevacizumab. It is particularly important to notify them before undergoing any surgical procedures.
• Pregnancy and Contraception: Bevacizumab can cause harm to a developing fetus, and its use during pregnancy is generally not recommended. Adequate contraception should be used during and after treatment.
• Breastfeeding: Bevacizumab is not recommended for use while breastfeeding. Discuss with your healthcare provider about the appropriate measures to take if you are breastfeeding or planning to breastfeed.
• Follow-Up Appointments: Attend all scheduled follow-up appointments with your healthcare provider. These appointments are crucial for monitoring your response to treatment, managing potential side effects, and adjusting the treatment plan as needed.
• Patient Education: Stay informed about the medication, its potential side effects, and the importance of adhering to the prescribed treatment plan. Ask questions and communicate any concerns with your healthcare team.

As with any medication, it’s important to follow the instructions provided by your healthcare provider and to promptly report any unusual symptoms or side effects. This information is a general guideline, and individual circumstances may vary. Always consult with your healthcare provider for personalized advice based on your specific health condition.