WARNING

Tyruko, also known as Natalizumab-Sztn, is a medication used to treat multiple sclerosis (MS) and Crohn’s disease. Like any medication, it carries certain risks, including:

• Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML): This is a rare but serious brain infection caused by the JC virus. Tyruko increases the risk of developing PML, particularly in individuals who are JC virus positive.
• Immune System Suppression: Tyruko works by suppressing the immune system, which can increase the risk of infections. Serious infections, including opportunistic infections, may occur.
• Allergic Reactions: Some individuals may experience allergic reactions to Tyruko, which can range from mild to severe.
• Liver Damage: Rare cases of liver damage have been reported in individuals taking Tyruko.
• Other Adverse Reactions: Other potential side effects include headache, fatigue, depression, and infusion-related reactions.

It’s crucial for individuals taking Tyruko to be closely monitored by their healthcare provider to minimize the risks and manage any potential complications. This typically involves regular testing for JC virus antibodies and careful monitoring for signs of PML or other adverse effects.

Why is this medication prescribed?

Tyruko (natalizumab-sztn) is prescribed primarily for the treatment of two autoimmune conditions:

• Multiple Sclerosis (MS): Tyruko is used in patients with relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis who have not responded adequately to other treatments. It helps reduce the frequency of relapses and delays the progression of disability associated with MS.
• Crohn’s Disease: Tyruko is also indicated for the treatment of moderate to severe Crohn’s disease in patients who have failed to respond to other therapies. It works by reducing inflammation in the digestive tract and alleviating symptoms associated with Crohn’s disease, such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, and weight loss.

In both conditions, Tyruko works by inhibiting the migration of certain immune cells into the brain (in MS) or inflamed areas of the digestive tract (in Crohn’s disease), thereby reducing inflammation and disease activity. It’s important to note that Tyruko is typically prescribed by healthcare providers who specialize in treating MS or Crohn’s disease, and its use requires careful monitoring to minimize the risk of potential side effects.

How should this medicine be used?

Tyruko (natalizumab-sztn) is typically administered as an intravenous infusion by a healthcare professional. Here are general guidelines for its use:

• Administration: Tyruko is administered through a vein (intravenous infusion) by a healthcare provider. The infusion is typically given over a period of time, usually around one hour.
• Dosage: The dosage of Tyruko depends on the condition being treated (multiple sclerosis or Crohn’s disease) and the individual patient’s response to the medication. The healthcare provider will determine the appropriate dosage and frequency of administration.
• Frequency: For multiple sclerosis, Tyruko is usually administered once every four weeks. For Crohn’s disease, the frequency of administration may vary but is typically once every four to eight weeks.
• Monitoring: Patients receiving Tyruko should be closely monitored by their healthcare provider for any signs of adverse reactions or complications. This may include regular testing for JC virus antibodies and monitoring for signs of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) and other potential side effects.
• Patient Education: Patients should be educated about the proper administration of Tyruko, including the importance of attending all scheduled infusion appointments and reporting any new or worsening symptoms to their healthcare provider.

It’s essential for patients to follow their healthcare provider’s instructions carefully and communicate any concerns or questions about Tyruko to ensure safe and effective treatment.

Other uses for this medicine

Tyruko (natalizumab-sztn) is primarily used for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) and Crohn’s disease. However, there may be other off-label uses for this medication as determined by healthcare providers based on individual patient needs and clinical judgment. These uses would typically involve autoimmune conditions or diseases where modulation of the immune system is beneficial.

What special precautions should I follow?

Special precautions should be followed when using Tyruko due to the risks associated with its use. Here are some key precautions:

• Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) Risk: Tyruko increases the risk of developing PML, a rare but serious brain infection caused by the JC virus. Healthcare providers should carefully evaluate the benefit-risk profile before prescribing Tyruko. Patients should be monitored for symptoms suggestive of PML, and regular testing for JC virus antibodies should be conducted.
• Immunosuppression: Tyruko works by suppressing the immune system, which can increase the risk of infections. Patients should be educated about the increased risk of infections and advised to promptly report any signs or symptoms of infection to their healthcare provider. Healthcare providers may consider screening patients for certain infections, such as tuberculosis, prior to initiating treatment with Tyruko.
• Allergic Reactions: Patients should be monitored for signs of allergic reactions during and after administration of Tyruko. Individuals with a known hypersensitivity to Tyruko or any of its components should not receive the medication.
• Liver Function Monitoring: Liver function should be monitored in patients receiving Tyruko, as rare cases of liver damage have been reported. Patients should promptly report any signs or symptoms of liver injury, such as jaundice, dark urine, or abdominal pain, to their healthcare provider.
• Infusion Reactions: Infusion-related reactions, such as headache, fatigue, and allergic-like symptoms, may occur during or after administration of Tyruko. Patients should be monitored for these reactions, and appropriate management should be provided as needed.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: The safety of Tyruko during pregnancy and breastfeeding is not well-established. Healthcare providers should carefully consider the potential risks and benefits before prescribing Tyruko to pregnant or breastfeeding individuals.

Patients should be counseled about these precautions before starting treatment with Tyruko, and regular monitoring should be conducted to minimize risks and manage any potential complications.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

Regarding special dietary instructions for Tyruko (natalizumab-sztn), there are no specific dietary restrictions associated with this medication. However, maintaining a healthy and balanced diet is important for overall well-being and can support your body’s response to treatment. It’s always a good idea to follow any dietary advice provided by your healthcare provider or a registered dietitian.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

If you forget a dose of Tyruko (natalizumab-sztn), you should contact your healthcare provider as soon as possible to discuss the missed dose and determine the best course of action. Depending on the timing of the missed dose and your treatment schedule, your healthcare provider may recommend rescheduling the infusion or adjusting the dosing interval. It’s essential to follow your healthcare provider’s instructions carefully to ensure optimal treatment outcomes.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Tyruko (natalizumab-sztn) can cause various side effects, ranging from mild to severe. Common side effects may include:

• Headache
• Fatigue
• Nausea
• Urinary tract infections
• Respiratory infections
• Joint pain
• Depression
• Allergic reactions (such as rash or itching)
• Infusion-related reactions (e.g., fever, chills, dizziness)
• Liver function abnormalities

Serious side effects are less common but may include:

• Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML): a rare but potentially fatal brain infection caused by the JC virus.
• Increased risk of infections: Increased risk of infections due to suppression of the immune system.
• Liver damage: Rare cases of liver damage have been reported.
• Hypersensitivity reactions: Severe allergic reactions may occur, including anaphylaxis.

It’s essential to report any new or worsening symptoms to your healthcare provider promptly. Additionally, regular monitoring and screening for potential side effects, such as PML, are typically part of the treatment protocol when using Tyruko. Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and report any concerns or adverse reactions during treatment.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and disposal of Tyruko (natalizumab-sztn):

Storage:

• Tyruko should be stored in the refrigerator at a temperature of 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F).
• Do not freeze Tyruko. If accidentally frozen, it should be discarded.
• Protect Tyruko from light by storing it in its original carton until ready for use.
• Do not use Tyruko beyond the expiration date printed on the carton.

Disposal:

• Unused or expired Tyruko should be disposed of properly according to local regulations.
• Do not dispose of Tyruko in household trash or flush it down the toilet.
• Consult with your healthcare provider or pharmacist for guidance on the proper disposal of Tyruko.

In case of emergency/overdose

• If you suspect an overdose or experience severe adverse reactions after receiving Tyruko, seek immediate medical attention.
• Contact your healthcare provider, local emergency services, or go to the nearest emergency room for evaluation and treatment.
• Be prepared to provide information about the dose and timing of Tyruko administration.

What other information should I know?

• Keep all appointments for Tyruko infusions as scheduled by your healthcare provider.
• Inform all healthcare providers involved in your care that you are receiving Tyruko.
• Follow your healthcare provider’s instructions carefully regarding any additional medications or precautions while receiving Tyruko.
• Report any new or worsening symptoms, side effects, or concerns to your healthcare provider promptly.
• Attend regular follow-up appointments for monitoring and evaluation of your response to Tyruko therapy.

It’s essential to adhere to storage, disposal, and emergency procedures to ensure the safe and effective use of Tyruko and minimize the risk of adverse events. Always consult with your healthcare provider or pharmacist if you have any questions or concerns about Tyruko or its use.