Why is this medication prescribed?

Dextromethorphan is used to temporarily relieve cough caused by the common cold, the flu, or other conditions. Dextromethorphan will relieve a cough but will not treat the cause of the cough or speed recovery. Dextromethorphan is in a class of medications called antitussives. It works by decreasing activity in the part of the brain that causes coughing.

How should this medicine be used?

Here are general guidelines for the use of dextromethorphan:

• Read the Label: Carefully read the instructions on the medication packaging. Follow the recommended dosage and usage instructions provided by the manufacturer.
• Dosage: The appropriate dosage can vary based on age, weight, and the specific formulation of the medication. It’s crucial to use the correct dose for the individual, and excessive doses can lead to adverse effects.
• Timing: Take dextromethorphan as directed. Typically, it’s taken every 4 to 6 hours, but this can vary. Do not take more than the recommended dose or take it more frequently than instructed.
• Do Not Exceed Recommended Dosage: Taking more than the recommended dose can lead to adverse effects, including hallucinations, dizziness, nausea, and even more serious complications.
• Avoid Alcohol: Combining dextromethorphan with alcohol or other substances can intensify its effects and increase the risk of adverse reactions. It’s generally recommended to avoid alcohol while using medications containing DXM.
• Age Considerations: Different formulations of dextromethorphan may be available for adults and children. Make sure you’re using a product that is appropriate for the age of the individual.
• Seek Medical Advice: If you have any pre-existing medical conditions, are taking other medications, are pregnant, or breastfeeding, consult with a healthcare professional before using dextromethorphan.
• Watch for Interactions: Dextromethorphan can interact with other medications. Ensure that it’s safe to use with any other drugs you may be taking. This includes prescription medications, over-the-counter drugs, and herbal supplements.
• Side Effects: Be aware of potential side effects, such as dizziness, drowsiness, or allergic reactions. If you experience severe or persistent side effects, seek medical attention.
• Do Not Drive or Operate Machinery: Dextromethorphan can cause drowsiness and impair your ability to operate machinery or drive a vehicle. Avoid these activities until you know how the medication affects you.

If you have any doubts or concerns about using dextromethorphan, it’s important to consult with a healthcare professional for personalized advice based on your health status and any other medications you may be taking.

Other uses for this medicine

Other potential uses for dextromethorphan, aside from its intended cough suppressant purpose, have been explored in research, though these are not widely accepted or established. Some studies have investigated its potential as an anti-inflammatory agent, an antidepressant, or for neuropathic pain. However, more research is needed to confirm these potential uses, and using DXM for such purposes is not currently recommended without proper medical supervision.

What special precautions should I follow?

Special precautions to consider when using dextromethorphan include:

• Medical History: Inform your healthcare provider about your medical history, especially if you have a history of liver disease, respiratory issues, or if you are taking other medications.
• Drug Interactions: Dextromethorphan can interact with certain medications, including monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), which can lead to serotonin syndrome. Be sure to inform your healthcare provider about all the medications, including prescription and over-the-counter drugs, supplements, and herbal products you are taking.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Pregnant or breastfeeding individuals should consult their healthcare provider before using dextromethorphan. It’s important to weigh the potential risks and benefits.
• Alcohol and Sedatives: Avoid alcohol and sedatives while taking dextromethorphan, as they can increase the risk of drowsiness and central nervous system depression.
• Driving and Operating Machinery: Dextromethorphan may cause drowsiness or dizziness. Avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until you know how it affects you.
• Allergies: Inform your healthcare provider of any allergies you may have, as dextromethorphan-containing products may contain inactive ingredients that can cause allergic reactions.

Always consult with your healthcare provider before using dextromethorphan for any purpose other than its intended use as a cough suppressant. Misuse can lead to serious health risks, including overdose and adverse reactions.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

Dextromethorphan is typically taken orally, and it can be taken with or without food. However, it’s advisable to follow your healthcare provider’s instructions regarding the timing of doses in relation to meals.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

If you forget to take a dose of dextromethorphan:

• If you forget a dose, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it’s almost time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule.
• Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one, as this can increase the risk of side effects and complications.
• If you are unsure about what to do, contact your healthcare provider for guidance.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Dextromethorphan (DXM) is generally well-tolerated when used as directed for its intended purpose as a cough suppressant. However, like any medication, it can cause side effects. Common side effects include:

• Dizziness or Drowsiness: DXM may cause feelings of dizziness or drowsiness. It’s important to avoid activities that require alertness, such as driving or operating machinery, until you know how the medication affects you.
• Nausea and Upset Stomach: Some individuals may experience nausea or stomach upset after taking dextromethorphan.
• Constipation: DXM can lead to constipation in some people.
• Nervousness or Excitability: In some cases, individuals may experience nervousness, restlessness, or excitability.
• Allergic Reactions: While rare, allergic reactions to dextromethorphan or other ingredients in cough medications can occur. Seek medical attention if you experience symptoms such as rash, itching, swelling, severe dizziness, or difficulty breathing.
• Serotonin Syndrome (Rare): When taken in high doses or in combination with certain medications, dextromethorphan can lead to serotonin syndrome, a potentially serious condition. Symptoms include confusion, hallucinations, seizure, extreme changes in blood pressure, increased heart rate, fever, excessive sweating, shivering or shaking, blurred vision, muscle spasm or stiffness, tremor, incoordination, stomach cramp, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Seek immediate medical attention if you experience any of these symptoms.

It’s important to use dextromethorphan according to the recommended dosage and follow your healthcare provider’s instructions. Misuse of dextromethorphan, such as taking it in excessive amounts or combining it with other substances, can lead to more severe side effects and health risks.

If you experience any unusual or severe side effects, contact your healthcare provider promptly. Additionally, consult with your healthcare provider if you have any pre-existing medical conditions or are taking other medications to ensure there are no contraindications or interactions.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and Disposal of Dextromethorphan:

• Storage: Store dextromethorphan at room temperature, away from moisture and heat. Follow any specific storage instructions provided on the medication packaging.
• Keep Away from Children: Keep dextromethorphan and all medications out of reach of children and pets. Accidental ingestion by children can be dangerous.
• Disposal: Dispose of unused or expired medications properly. Follow local guidelines or check with your pharmacist for information on how to dispose of medications safely. Do not flush medications down the toilet unless instructed to do so.

In case of emergency/overdose

• Seek Medical Attention: If you suspect an overdose or experience severe symptoms such as difficulty breathing, hallucinations, seizures, or loss of consciousness, seek immediate medical attention.
• Poison Control: In the United States, you can contact the Poison Control Center at 1-800-222-1222 for guidance in case of overdose. Have information about the medication, the amount taken, and the person’s age and weight ready.

What other information should I know?

• Avoid Alcohol: Avoid consuming alcohol while taking dextromethorphan, as it can increase the risk of drowsiness and central nervous system depression.
• Drug Interactions: Inform your healthcare provider about all medications you are taking, including prescription and over-the-counter drugs, supplements, and herbal products, to avoid potential drug interactions.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Consult your healthcare provider before using dextromethorphan if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.
• Driving and Operating Machinery: Dextromethorphan may cause drowsiness or dizziness. Avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until you know how it affects you.
• Allergic Reactions: If you experience symptoms of an allergic reaction, such as rash, itching, swelling, severe dizziness, or difficulty breathing, seek immediate medical attention.
• Medical Conditions: Inform your healthcare provider about any pre-existing medical conditions, especially liver disease or respiratory issues.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and the guidelines provided with the medication. If you have any questions or concerns, consult with your healthcare provider or pharmacist for personalized advice.