Why is this medication prescribed?

Rufinamide is an antiepileptic medication used in the treatment of seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS), a severe form of epilepsy that typically begins in childhood. LGS is characterized by multiple types of seizures and intellectual disability.

Here are some key points regarding the prescription and use of Rufinamide:

• Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome (LGS): Rufinamide is specifically indicated for the adjunctive treatment of seizures associated with LGS in children and adults.
• Mechanism of Action: Rufinamide works by stabilizing the neuronal membranes and modulating sodium channels in the brain, which helps reduce abnormal electrical activity that can lead to seizures.

How should this medicine be used?

Here are some general guidelines for using rufinamide:

• Dosage: The initial dosage and subsequent adjustments will be determined by the prescribing healthcare professional based on the individual’s condition. It is important to take the medication exactly as prescribed.
• Frequency: Rufinamide is usually taken two or three times a day. The doses are spaced throughout the day to maintain a consistent level of the medication in the body.
• Administration: Rufinamide can be taken with or without food. If a dose is missed, it should be taken as soon as remembered, unless it is close to the time for the next scheduled dose. In that case, the missed dose should be skipped, and the regular dosing schedule should be resumed.
• Swallowing: Tablets should be swallowed whole with a glass of water. If someone has difficulty swallowing tablets, the medication is also available in an oral suspension form.
• Consistency: It is important to take rufinamide consistently and not to suddenly stop taking it without consulting the prescribing doctor, as abrupt discontinuation can increase the risk of seizures.

As with any medication, individuals taking rufinamide may experience side effects, and it is essential to report any unusual or severe reactions to the healthcare provider. Common side effects may include dizziness, headache, nausea, vomiting, and fatigue. If you have any concerns or questions about the use of rufinamide, it is recommended to consult with a healthcare professional for personalized advice and guidance.

Other uses for this medicine

Rufinamide is primarily indicated for the treatment of seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome in children and adults. However, it’s essential to note that new uses for medications can emerge over time, and healthcare practices can evolve. Therefore, it’s always important to consult with a healthcare professional or check more recent sources for the latest information on medication uses.

What special precautions should I follow?

Regarding special precautions for using rufinamide, here are some general considerations:

• Medical History: Before starting rufinamide, inform your healthcare provider about your complete medical history, including any allergies, liver problems, or kidney problems.
• Drug Interactions: Rufinamide may interact with other medications, affecting their effectiveness or increasing the risk of side effects. Inform your doctor about all the prescription and over-the-counter medications, vitamins, and herbal supplements you are taking.
• Allergies: If you have a known allergy to rufinamide or any of its ingredients, inform your healthcare provider. Allergic reactions can be serious and may require immediate medical attention.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: It’s important to discuss the risks and benefits of using rufinamide if you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant. Similarly, if you are breastfeeding, consult your healthcare provider, as the drug may pass into breast milk.
• Central Nervous System Effects: Rufinamide may cause dizziness and coordination problems. Avoid activities that require mental alertness, such as driving or operating machinery, until you know how the medication affects you.
• Suicidal Thoughts and Behavior: Antiepileptic medications, including rufinamide, have been associated with an increased risk of suicidal thoughts and behavior. Patients, caregivers, and family members should be vigilant for any signs of mood changes, depression, or suicidal thoughts and seek medical attention if these occur.
• Liver Function: Rufinamide is metabolized by the liver, so individuals with liver problems may need special monitoring. Your healthcare provider may perform regular liver function tests during treatment.
• Kidney Function: Rufinamide is excreted through the kidneys. If you have kidney problems, your doctor may adjust the dosage accordingly and monitor your kidney function.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and attend regular follow-up appointments to monitor your response to the medication and address any concerns or side effects. If you have specific questions or concerns about rufinamide, it’s recommended to consult with your prescribing healthcare professional for personalized guidance.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

There are no specific dietary restrictions associated with rufinamide. However, it’s important to maintain a healthy and balanced diet, unless your healthcare provider advises otherwise.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

If you forget to take a dose of rufinamide, follow these general guidelines:

• Timing: Take the missed dose as soon as you remember, unless it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule.
• Double Dosing: Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one. Taking extra medication can increase the risk of side effects.
• Consult Your Doctor: If you are unsure about what to do or if you miss multiple doses, consult your healthcare provider. They can provide guidance based on your specific situation.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Rufinamide, like any medication, may cause side effects. It’s important to note that not everyone will experience these side effects, and some individuals may experience side effects that are not listed. If you are prescribed rufinamide, your healthcare provider will monitor your response to the medication and discuss potential side effects with you. Common side effects of rufinamide may include:

• Dizziness or lightheadedness: Rufinamide may cause dizziness, especially when standing up from a sitting or lying position. It’s important to get up slowly to minimize the risk of falls.
• Nausea and vomiting: Some individuals may experience nausea or vomiting as a side effect of rufinamide.
• Fatigue: Feeling tired or fatigued is a common side effect.
• Headache: Headaches are reported by some individuals taking rufinamide.
• Coordination problems: Rufinamide may affect coordination, leading to problems with balance.
• Double vision or blurred vision: Some people may experience changes in vision.
• Irritability or mood changes: Antiepileptic medications, including rufinamide, have been associated with changes in mood and behavior. It’s important to report any significant changes to your healthcare provider.
• Abdominal pain: Some individuals may experience abdominal discomfort.
• Loss of appetite: Changes in appetite may occur.
• Difficulty sleeping (insomnia): Trouble falling or staying asleep can be a side effect.

Serious side effects are less common but may include severe skin reactions, blood disorders, and liver problems. Contact your healthcare provider promptly if you experience any unusual or severe symptoms.

It’s important to report all side effects to your healthcare provider, even if they seem minor. Your healthcare provider will assess the risks and benefits of the medication and may adjust the dosage or consider alternative treatments if necessary.

This list is not exhaustive, and individual responses to medication can vary. Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and contact them if you have any concerns about side effects or your overall health.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and Disposal of Rufinamide:

• Storage: Store rufinamide tablets at room temperature, away from moisture and heat. Keep the medication in its original packaging or container. Follow any specific storage instructions provided by your pharmacist or healthcare provider.
• Disposal: Dispose of unused or expired medication in a safe and environmentally friendly manner. Do not flush medications down the toilet unless instructed to do so. Contact your local pharmacy or healthcare provider for guidance on proper disposal.

In case of emergency/overdose

If you suspect an overdose or experience severe symptoms, seek emergency medical attention immediately. Symptoms of an overdose may include:

• Extreme drowsiness
• Unresponsiveness
• Severe dizziness or fainting
• Difficulty breathing

Contact your local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222 (in the United States) for guidance on what to do if you believe you have taken too much rufinamide.

What other information should I know?

• Regular Follow-Up: Attend regular follow-up appointments with your healthcare provider to monitor the effectiveness of rufinamide and assess for any side effects.
• Medical Alerts: Inform healthcare providers, including dentists and emergency medical personnel, that you are taking rufinamide. Wear a medical alert bracelet or carry a card indicating the use of antiepileptic medication in case of emergencies.
• Laboratory Tests: Your healthcare provider may order periodic laboratory tests to monitor liver function, especially if you have a history of liver problems.
• Avoid Alcohol: Limit or avoid alcohol consumption while taking rufinamide, as it may increase the risk of side effects.
• Missed Doses: If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double up on doses.
• Inform Your Doctor: Keep your healthcare provider informed about all medications, vitamins, and supplements you are taking, as well as any changes in your health or medications.
• Patient Education: Be aware of the potential side effects of rufinamide, and contact your healthcare provider if you experience anything unusual or concerning.

As information may change, it’s essential to consult with your healthcare provider or pharmacist for the most up-to-date guidance on the storage, disposal, and emergency procedures for rufinamide based on your individual health circumstances.