Why is this medication prescribed?

Aduhelm (aducanumab) is prescribed for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. It’s a monoclonal antibody designed to target and remove amyloid-beta plaques in the brain, which are believed to play a role in the progression of Alzheimer’s. The goal of Aduhelm is to slow down the cognitive decline associated with the disease. It’s usually prescribed for patients with mild cognitive impairment or mild Alzheimer’s dementia.

How should this medicine be used?

Here are the key points regarding its use:

• Administration: Aduhelm is administered as an intravenous (IV) infusion. The infusion is typically given once every four weeks (monthly) at a healthcare facility, where the patient is monitored during and after the infusion for any potential side effects.
• Dosage: The dosing schedule usually begins with a lower dose that is gradually increased over time. This titration process is intended to minimize potential side effects while allowing the patient to build tolerance to the medication.
• Monitoring: Patients receiving Aduhelm require regular monitoring, including MRI scans, to check for potential side effects like amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA), which can include brain swelling or bleeding. Regular cognitive assessments are also conducted to evaluate the drug’s effectiveness.
• Duration of Treatment: The duration of treatment with Aduhelm can vary depending on the patient’s response and the presence of side effects. Continuous assessment by the healthcare provider will determine how long the treatment should be continued.

Aduhelm’s approval has been controversial due to questions about its effectiveness and the FDA’s approval process, but it represents a significant development in Alzheimer’s disease treatment.

Other uses for this medicine

Aduhelm (aducanumab) is primarily used for treating Alzheimer’s disease. As of now, its approved use is specifically for this condition, and it is not prescribed for other conditions or diseases. However, ongoing research and clinical trials may explore its potential use in other neurological conditions in the future.

What special precautions should I follow?

Special Precautions for Aduhelm:

• Monitoring for ARIA: One of the most important precautions involves monitoring for amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA). ARIA can present as ARIA-E (edema or swelling) or ARIA-H (hemorrhage or bleeding). Regular MRI scans are necessary to detect these abnormalities, which can occur with or without symptoms.
• Infusion Reactions: Be aware of potential infusion-related reactions, such as allergic reactions or hypersensitivity. During and after the infusion, patients are monitored for signs of these reactions.
• Pre-existing Conditions: Inform your healthcare provider if you have a history of brain bleeding, swelling, or any other neurological conditions, as these could increase the risk of ARIA.
• Drug Interactions: Discuss any other medications or supplements you are taking with your healthcare provider. Certain drugs might interact with Aduhelm or affect its efficacy and safety.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: If you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding, discuss with your healthcare provider whether Aduhelm is appropriate for you. The effects of Aduhelm on pregnancy and breastfeeding have not been well-studied.
• Comorbid Conditions: Patients with comorbid conditions should be carefully assessed, as these might impact how well Aduhelm works or increase the risk of side effects.
• Adherence to Treatment Plan: Follow the prescribed treatment schedule and attend all scheduled appointments for infusions and monitoring to ensure the drug is working effectively and to manage any potential side effects.

Always consult with your healthcare provider for personalized advice and to address any concerns specific to your health situation.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

There are no specific dietary restrictions or special instructions associated with Aduhelm. However, maintaining a balanced diet and healthy lifestyle can support overall health and well-being. Always check with your healthcare provider if you have concerns about diet and its potential interaction with your medication.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

• Schedule Adjustment: If you miss a dose of Aduhelm, contact your healthcare provider to reschedule the missed infusion as soon as possible. They will provide guidance on when you should receive the next dose.
• Do Not Double Dose: Do not attempt to make up for a missed dose by doubling up on your next infusion. Your healthcare provider will adjust your treatment schedule as needed.
• Follow-Up: Ensure that you follow the revised schedule for future doses and continue to attend all monitoring appointments as planned.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Aduhelm (aducanumab) can cause a range of side effects. Some of the most common and notable side effects include:

Common Side Effects:

• Headache
• Confusion
• Dizziness
• Falls
• Allergic reactions (such as rash, itching, or swelling)

Serious Side Effects:

• Amyloid-Related Imaging Abnormalities (ARIA):
  • ARIA-E (Edema): Swelling in the brain, which may or may not cause symptoms like headache, nausea, or confusion.
  • ARIA-H (Hemorrhage): Bleeding in the brain, which can sometimes lead to more severe complications.
• Infusion Reactions: Serious reactions during or after the infusion, such as fever, chills, or shortness of breath.
• Cognitive Changes: Some patients may experience changes in cognition, which could be related to ARIA or other factors.

If you experience any unusual symptoms or side effects, it is important to contact your healthcare provider immediately for evaluation and guidance.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and Disposal of Aduhelm:

• Storage:
  • Before Use: Aduhelm should be stored in a refrigerator at 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F). It should not be frozen.
  • Handling: Do not shake or vigorously agitate the vial. Handle it gently.
• Disposal:
  • Unused Medication: Dispose of any unused or expired medication according to your healthcare provider’s instructions or local regulations.
  • Sharps Disposal: If you are using any sharps (e.g., needles) for infusion or administration, dispose of them in a designated sharps container.

In case of emergency/overdose

• Contact Healthcare Provider: If you experience severe side effects or symptoms like difficulty breathing, severe swelling, or significant changes in mental status, seek immediate medical attention.
• Emergency Services: Call emergency services (911 or the equivalent in your area) if you have severe reactions or symptoms.
• Overdose Symptoms: Overdose is unlikely due to the controlled infusion process, but if you suspect an overdose, contact your healthcare provider immediately. They will provide guidance on the next steps.
• Medical Evaluation: You may need to undergo a medical evaluation to assess any potential effects of the overdose.

What other information should I know?

• Medication Records: Keep a record of your medication schedule and any side effects you experience to discuss with your healthcare provider.
• Emergency Contact: Have emergency contact information readily available in case of severe reactions.
• Follow-Up Appointments: Attend all scheduled appointments for infusions and monitoring.
• Treatment Adherence: Follow your prescribed treatment plan carefully to maximize benefits and minimize risks.
• Discuss Concerns: Always discuss any concerns, symptoms, or changes in your health with your healthcare provider.
• Inform Healthcare Providers: Make sure all healthcare providers are aware that you are receiving Aduhelm, especially if you are undergoing other treatments or procedures.
• Support Groups: Consider joining support groups or resources for people with Alzheimer’s and their caregivers for additional support and information.

Make sure to follow the guidance of your healthcare provider regarding Aduhelm to ensure its effectiveness and safety.