WARNING

Perindopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor commonly used to treat conditions like hypertension and heart failure. While it can be effective for many people, like any medication, it carries certain risks and potential side effects. It’s important to note that individual responses to medication can vary, and not everyone will experience these issues. Here’s a brief overview of the risks associated with taking Perindopril:

• Hypotension (Low Blood Pressure): Perindopril can cause a drop in blood pressure, especially when first starting the medication or increasing the dosage. This can lead to symptoms such as dizziness or fainting.
• Hyperkalemia (High Potassium Levels): ACE inhibitors like Perindopril can lead to an increase in blood potassium levels. Elevated potassium levels can be dangerous and may cause heart rhythm abnormalities.
• Kidney Dysfunction: Some individuals may experience a decline in kidney function while taking ACE inhibitors. Regular monitoring of kidney function is usually recommended.
• Cough: ACE inhibitors are associated with a persistent, dry cough in some individuals. If this side effect occurs, alternative medications may be considered.
• Angioedema: Although rare, ACE inhibitors can cause swelling of the deeper layers of the skin, often around the eyes and lips. This can be a serious condition and requires immediate medical attention.
• Allergic Reactions: Some people may be allergic to Perindopril, resulting in symptoms such as rash, itching, or swelling. Anaphylaxis, a severe allergic reaction, is extremely rare but can be life-threatening.
• Interactions with Other Medications: Perindopril may interact with other medications, potentially reducing their effectiveness or increasing the risk of side effects.

It’s crucial to take Perindopril exactly as prescribed by your healthcare provider and to communicate any concerns or side effects promptly. Additionally, regular check-ups and monitoring of blood pressure, kidney function, and potassium levels are often recommended during treatment. Always consult with your healthcare professional for personalized advice based on your specific health condition and medical history.

Why is this medication prescribed?

Perindopril is prescribed for various cardiovascular conditions, primarily as an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. It is commonly used to treat the following conditions:

• Hypertension (High Blood Pressure): Perindopril helps relax blood vessels, reducing blood pressure and making it easier for the heart to pump blood.
• Heart Failure: It is used to improve symptoms and reduce the risk of hospitalization in individuals with heart failure.
• Post-Myocardial Infarction (Heart Attack): Perindopril may be prescribed to reduce the risk of further cardiovascular events in patients who have had a heart attack.

How should this medicine be used?

The dosage and usage instructions for Perindopril may vary depending on the specific condition being treated and individual patient factors. It’s crucial to follow the doctor’s recommendations and prescription instructions. However, here are general guidelines:

• Dosage: The typical starting dose of Perindopril is often low, and it may be increased gradually based on the patient’s response. The dosage will be determined by the healthcare provider and adjusted as needed.
• Administration: Perindopril is usually taken orally, with or without food. It’s essential to take it consistently at the same time each day.
• Monitoring: Regular monitoring of blood pressure and kidney function is typically advised during treatment with Perindopril. This helps ensure that the medication is effectively managing the condition and that potential side effects are detected early.
• Compliance: It’s important to take the prescribed dose regularly, even if symptoms improve. Abruptly stopping the medication can lead to a rebound increase in blood pressure or worsening of heart failure symptoms.
• Interactions: Inform your healthcare provider about all medications, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements, that you are taking. Some medications may interact with Perindopril.
• Special Populations: Pregnant women, those with kidney problems, or individuals with a history of angioedema (a rare but serious side effect) may require special considerations or monitoring while taking Perindopril.

Always consult with your healthcare provider for personalized advice regarding the appropriate dosage, usage, and potential risks associated with Perindopril based on your specific health condition and medical history. Never adjust your medication without consulting your doctor.

Other uses for this medicine

While perindopril is primarily prescribed for conditions related to cardiovascular health, such as hypertension, heart failure, and post-myocardial infarction, it may be used in some cases for other conditions based on a healthcare provider’s judgment. It’s important to note that any use of perindopril beyond its approved indications should be done under the supervision of a healthcare professional.

What special precautions should I follow?

Special Precautions for Perindopril:

• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Perindopril is not recommended during pregnancy as it may harm the developing fetus. If you become pregnant while taking perindopril, inform your healthcare provider immediately. It’s also important to discuss with your doctor if you are breastfeeding, as perindopril can pass into breast milk.
• Kidney Function: Individuals with impaired kidney function may need dose adjustments or careful monitoring while taking perindopril. Your healthcare provider will assess your kidney function through blood tests.
• Hyperkalemia: Since perindopril can increase potassium levels in the blood, caution is advised, especially in individuals with conditions that may predispose them to high potassium levels (such as kidney problems) or those taking other medications that affect potassium levels.
• Dehydration: It’s important to maintain adequate fluid intake, especially in individuals at risk of dehydration, as this can increase the risk of low blood pressure.
• Angioedema: Although rare, perindopril can cause swelling of the deeper layers of the skin, known as angioedema. This is more common in individuals of African descent. Seek immediate medical attention if you experience swelling of the face, lips, or tongue.
• Surgery or Anesthesia: Inform healthcare providers, including dentists, that you are taking perindopril before any surgery or dental procedure. The medication may need to be temporarily discontinued in certain cases.
• Diabetes: Perindopril can affect blood sugar levels. Diabetic patients should monitor their blood sugar regularly, and adjustments to diabetes medications may be necessary.
• Liver Problems: While perindopril is primarily excreted through the kidneys, it may be used with caution in individuals with mild to moderate liver impairment. However, patients with severe liver impairment may require dosage adjustments.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and inform them of your complete medical history, including any existing health conditions and medications you are taking. Regular check-ups and monitoring are essential to ensure the medication’s effectiveness and detect any potential side effects. Never adjust your medication without consulting your doctor.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

There are no specific dietary restrictions for perindopril, but certain general guidelines can help manage its potential side effects:

• Potassium-Rich Foods: Be cautious with high-potassium foods such as bananas, oranges, tomatoes, and potassium supplements. Your healthcare provider will advise you on whether you need to limit these foods based on your individual health status.
• Salt Intake: Follow any dietary recommendations provided by your healthcare provider, especially if you have hypertension. Limiting salt intake can help control blood pressure.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

If you forget a dose of perindopril:

• If it’s close to the next dose: Take the missed dose as soon as you remember, unless it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule.
• Double Dosing: Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one. Taking more than the prescribed amount can increase the risk of side effects.
• If in doubt: If you are unsure about what to do, contact your healthcare provider or pharmacist for guidance.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Perindopril, like any medication, can cause side effects. It’s important to note that not everyone will experience these side effects, and the severity can vary from person to person. Common side effects are generally mild, but some may require medical attention. If you experience any unusual or severe symptoms while taking perindopril, it’s crucial to contact your healthcare provider. Here are some potential side effects associated with perindopril:

Common Side Effects:

• Cough: A persistent, dry cough is a common side effect of ACE inhibitors, including perindopril. If the cough becomes bothersome, your healthcare provider may consider alternative medications.
• Dizziness or Lightheadedness: Especially when standing up quickly, perindopril can cause dizziness or lightheadedness. It’s important to get up slowly from a sitting or lying position.
• Fatigue: Some people may experience fatigue or weakness as a side effect of perindopril.

Less Common but Potentially Serious Side Effects:

• Angioedema: This is a rare but serious side effect that involves swelling of the deeper layers of the skin, often around the eyes and lips. It requires immediate medical attention.
• High Potassium Levels (Hyperkalemia): Perindopril can increase potassium levels in the blood. Symptoms of high potassium include weakness, irregular heartbeat, and numbness or tingling.
• Kidney Problems: In some cases, ACE inhibitors may affect kidney function. Regular monitoring of kidney function through blood tests is typically recommended.
• Low Blood Pressure (Hypotension): Perindopril can cause a drop in blood pressure, leading to symptoms like dizziness or fainting, especially when first starting the medication or increasing the dosage.
• Changes in Blood Cell Counts: Rarely, perindopril may affect blood cell counts, leading to conditions such as agranulocytosis or neutropenia.

It’s important to report any side effects to your healthcare provider promptly. Additionally, inform your healthcare provider about all medications, supplements, and over-the-counter drugs you are taking, as certain interactions may occur. Always take perindopril exactly as prescribed, and do not adjust your dosage without consulting your healthcare professional. Regular check-ups and monitoring can help ensure the medication’s effectiveness and detect any potential issues early on.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and Disposal of Perindopril:

• Storage: Store perindopril at room temperature, away from light and moisture. Follow the specific storage instructions provided on the medication’s packaging.
• Keep Out of Reach of Children: Store medications out of reach of children and pets to prevent accidental ingestion.
• Do Not Flush Medications: Do not flush perindopril or other medications down the toilet unless specifically instructed to do so. Instead, follow local regulations for proper disposal.
• Ask Your Pharmacist: If you have questions about how to properly store or dispose of perindopril, consult your pharmacist.

In case of emergency/overdose

• Seek Immediate Medical Attention: If you suspect an overdose or experience severe symptoms, seek emergency medical attention or call your local poison control center.
• Symptoms of Overdose: Symptoms of an overdose may include extreme dizziness, weakness, fainting, or severe changes in blood pressure.

What other information should I know?

• Regular Monitoring: Your healthcare provider may schedule regular check-ups to monitor your blood pressure, kidney function, and other relevant parameters while you are taking perindopril.
• Informing Healthcare Providers: Make sure to inform all healthcare providers involved in your care (including dentists and specialists) that you are taking perindopril. This is important, especially before undergoing any surgical procedures or dental work.
• Blood Tests: Your healthcare provider may order periodic blood tests to monitor kidney function and electrolyte levels, especially if you have pre-existing kidney conditions.
• Adherence to Medication Schedule: Take perindopril exactly as prescribed by your healthcare provider. If you have difficulty remembering to take your medication, consider using a pill organizer or setting a daily reminder.
• Avoid Alcohol: Limit or avoid alcohol consumption while taking perindopril, as it may enhance the blood pressure-lowering effects and increase the risk of side effects.
• Drug Interactions: Inform your healthcare provider about all medications, supplements, and over-the-counter drugs you are taking to avoid potential interactions.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and ask any questions you may have about perindopril. If you experience any side effects or have concerns, contact your healthcare provider promptly. Do not stop or adjust your medication without consulting your doctor.