WARNING

Perampanel is an antiepileptic drug (AED) used to treat partial-onset seizures with or without secondary generalization in patients with epilepsy. Like any medication, Perampanel is associated with potential risks and side effects. It’s important to note that individual responses to medications can vary, and not everyone will experience the same effects. Here is a brief overview of some potential risks associated with taking Perampanel:

• Central Nervous System Effects: Perampanel can cause dizziness, drowsiness, and other central nervous system-related side effects. Patients should exercise caution when engaging in activities that require alertness, such as driving, until they know how the drug affects them.
• Behavioral and Psychiatric Effects: Some individuals may experience behavioral changes, mood swings, aggression, hostility, and other psychiatric symptoms while taking Perampanel. It’s important to monitor for any unusual changes in mood or behavior and report them to a healthcare provider.
• Suicidal Thoughts and Behavior: There is a risk of suicidal thoughts and behavior associated with the use of Perampanel. Patients, especially those with a history of psychiatric disorders, should be closely monitored for signs of depression or suicidal ideation.
• Serious Skin Reactions: Perampanel use has been linked to serious skin reactions, such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis. Patients should seek immediate medical attention if they develop a rash or other signs of a serious skin reaction.
• Allergic Reactions: Allergic reactions, including angioedema and anaphylaxis, have been reported with Perampanel. Any signs of an allergic reaction, such as swelling of the face, lips, or tongue, difficulty breathing, or severe rash, should be promptly addressed.
• CNS Depression: Perampanel can lead to central nervous system (CNS) depression when taken with other medications that depress the CNS, such as alcohol. Combining Perampanel with other substances that cause CNS depression can increase the risk of respiratory depression and sedation.

It’s crucial for individuals taking Perampanel to have open communication with their healthcare provider, report any side effects promptly, and follow the prescribed dosage and instructions. The information provided here is a general overview, and specific risks may vary based on individual health conditions and medical history. Patients should consult their healthcare professionals for personalized advice and guidance.

Why is this medication prescribed?

Perampanel is a medication used to treat certain types of seizures in people with epilepsy. Perampanel is an antiepileptic drug (AED) that works by blocking the activity of glutamate, a neurotransmitter in the brain that plays a role in seizures.

Perampanel is typically prescribed when other antiepileptic medications have not been effective in controlling seizures. It is important to note that Perampanel is not a first-line treatment for epilepsy, and its use is usually considered after trying other options.

How should this medicine be used?

Here are some general guidelines for the use of Perampanel:

• Dosage: The dosage of Perampanel is typically individualized based on the patient’s age, weight, other medications they may be taking, and their response to the drug. The starting dose is usually low and is gradually increased as tolerated.
• Administration: Perampanel is an oral medication available in tablet or oral suspension form. It is usually taken once daily, with or without food.
• Titration: The dosage is often titrated slowly to minimize side effects. Healthcare providers may start with a low dose and then increase it at weekly intervals until an effective dose is reached.
• Monitoring: Patients taking Perampanel should be closely monitored for any signs of adverse effects, especially during the titration phase. This includes monitoring for CNS-related effects, mood changes, and any signs of allergic reactions.
• Interactions: Perampanel may interact with other medications, so it’s important to inform the healthcare provider about all the drugs, supplements, and over-the-counter medications being taken. Some medications, such as those that induce or inhibit liver enzymes, may affect the metabolism of Perampanel.
• Special Populations: Dosage adjustments may be needed for certain populations, such as the elderly or those with impaired liver function. Pregnant and breastfeeding women should also consult with their healthcare provider regarding the risks and benefits of taking Perampanel.
• Discontinuation: Abruptly stopping Perampanel can increase the risk of seizures. If discontinuation is necessary, it should be done gradually under the guidance of a healthcare professional.

It’s crucial for individuals prescribed Perampanel to follow their healthcare provider’s instructions carefully, attend regular check-ups, and report any unusual symptoms or side effects promptly. The information provided here is a general overview, and specific guidance may vary based on individual health conditions. Patients should consult their healthcare professionals for personalized advice and dosage recommendations.

Other uses for this medicine

Perampanel is primarily prescribed for the treatment of epilepsy, specifically as an adjunctive therapy for partial-onset seizures with or without secondary generalization in patients aged 4 years and older. It’s important to note that new uses or indications for medications may have been approved since then, so it’s advisable to consult with a healthcare professional or check more recent medical sources for any updates.

What special precautions should I follow?

Special Precautions for Perampanel:

• Psychiatric Effects: Perampanel has been associated with psychiatric effects, including aggression, hostility, irritability, and mood swings. Patients and caregivers should be vigilant for any changes in behavior and mood and report them to the healthcare provider.
• Suicidal Thoughts: There is a risk of suicidal thoughts and behavior with Perampanel use. This risk is higher in patients with a history of psychiatric disorders. Close monitoring for signs of depression or suicidal ideation is essential, and prompt medical attention should be sought if any such symptoms emerge.
• Central Nervous System Effects: Perampanel can cause dizziness and drowsiness. Patients should be advised to exercise caution when engaging in activities that require mental alertness, such as driving or operating machinery. Alcohol and other substances that cause central nervous system depression should be avoided.
• Serious Skin Reactions: Serious skin reactions, including Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis, have been reported with Perampanel. Patients should seek immediate medical attention if they develop a rash or signs of a serious skin reaction.
• Allergic Reactions: Allergic reactions, including angioedema and anaphylaxis, have been reported. Patients should be monitored for signs of an allergic reaction, such as swelling of the face, lips, or tongue, and immediate medical attention should be sought if such reactions occur.
• Liver Function: Perampanel is metabolized by the liver, and liver function should be monitored, especially in patients with pre-existing liver conditions. Dosage adjustments may be necessary in individuals with impaired liver function.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: The safety of Perampanel during pregnancy and breastfeeding is not well-established. Pregnant or breastfeeding women should discuss the potential risks and benefits with their healthcare provider.
• Drug Interactions: Perampanel may interact with other medications, including those that induce or inhibit liver enzymes. It’s important to inform healthcare providers about all medications, supplements, and over-the-counter drugs being taken.
• Discontinuation: Abruptly stopping Perampanel can increase the risk of seizures. If discontinuation is necessary, it should be done gradually under the guidance of a healthcare professional.

Patients should always follow their healthcare provider’s instructions, attend regular check-ups, and communicate openly about any concerns or side effects. The information provided here is a general overview, and specific precautions may vary based on individual health conditions. It is recommended to consult healthcare professionals for personalized advice.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

There are no specific dietary restrictions associated with Perampanel. However, it’s important to maintain a healthy and balanced diet as part of overall well-being. If you have concerns about potential interactions between Perampanel and specific foods or dietary supplements, it’s advisable to discuss this with your healthcare provider.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

• Missed Dose: If you forget to take a dose of Perampanel at the scheduled time, take it as soon as you remember.
• Next Dose: If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and return to your regular dosing schedule.
• Double Dose: Do not double up on doses to make up for a missed one. Taking more than the prescribed amount can increase the risk of side effects.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Perampanel, like any medication, can cause side effects. It’s important to note that not everyone will experience these side effects, and the severity can vary from person to person. Common side effects, as well as more serious adverse reactions, may occur. Below is a list of potential side effects associated with Perampanel:

Common Side Effects:

• Dizziness
• Drowsiness
• Fatigue
• Irritability
• Nausea
• Headache
• Balance disorders
• Insomnia
• Abnormal gait (walking)

Less Common but Potentially Serious Side Effects:

• Mood or behavioral changes: This may include aggression, hostility, irritability, or suicidal thoughts. Patients should be closely monitored for these changes.
• Allergic reactions: Such as swelling of the face, lips, or tongue, and difficulty breathing. Immediate medical attention is required if signs of an allergic reaction occur.
• Serious skin reactions: Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis are rare but serious skin conditions associated with Perampanel. Seek immediate medical attention if you develop a rash.
• Liver problems: Perampanel can affect liver function, and symptoms of liver problems may include yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice), dark urine, or persistent nausea.
• Severe mood swings or depression: Some individuals may experience severe mood swings or depression while taking Perampanel.
• CNS depression: Perampanel can cause central nervous system depression. Avoid activities requiring mental alertness, such as driving, until you know how the medication affects you.

It’s important to report any side effects or unusual symptoms to your healthcare provider promptly. They can provide guidance on managing side effects and may adjust the dosage or recommend alternative treatments if needed. Do not stop taking Perampanel without consulting your healthcare provider, as abruptly discontinuing the medication may increase the risk of seizures.

This list is not exhaustive, and individual responses to Perampanel may vary. Always consult with your healthcare provider for personalized advice and information based on your specific health condition and medical history.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and Disposal of Perampanel:

• Storage:
  • Store Perampanel at room temperature, away from excessive heat and moisture.
  • Keep the medication in its original container, tightly closed, and out of reach of children.
• Disposal:
  • Dispose of unused or expired medication properly, following local regulations or guidelines.
  • Do not flush Perampanel down the toilet unless specifically instructed to do so. Check with your local pharmacy or healthcare provider for information on drug take-back programs or other disposal options.

In case of emergency/overdose

If you suspect an overdose or experience severe symptoms, seek emergency medical attention or contact your local poison control center. Symptoms of overdose may include severe dizziness, drowsiness, confusion, loss of consciousness, or difficulty breathing.

What other information should I know?

• Follow Healthcare Provider’s Instructions: Take Perampanel exactly as prescribed by your healthcare provider. Do not adjust the dosage or stop taking the medication without consulting your healthcare professional.
• Regular Monitoring: Attend regular check-ups with your healthcare provider to monitor the effectiveness of the treatment and assess for any potential side effects.
• Informing Healthcare Providers: Keep your healthcare provider informed about all medications, supplements, and over-the-counter drugs you are taking to avoid potential interactions.
• Avoid Alcohol and CNS Depressants: Limit or avoid alcohol consumption while taking Perampanel, as it may increase the risk of central nervous system depression. Inform your healthcare provider about the use of any other substances that may have a similar effect.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: If you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding, discuss the potential risks and benefits of Perampanel with your healthcare provider.
• Travel Precautions: Be aware of potential side effects like dizziness or drowsiness, which can affect your ability to drive or operate machinery. Take necessary precautions, and consider travel restrictions if advised by your healthcare provider.
• Medical Alert Bracelet/ID: Consider wearing a medical alert bracelet or carrying an identification card that indicates you are taking Perampanel. This can be helpful in case of emergencies.
• Communication with Healthcare Provider: Report any new or worsening symptoms, changes in mood or behavior, or any other concerns to your healthcare provider promptly.

Always consult with your healthcare provider for specific guidance and information tailored to your individual health condition and needs. The information provided here is a general guide and may not cover all aspects of Perampanel use.