Why is this medication prescribed?

Pegfilgrastim is a medication used to stimulate the production of white blood cells in the bone marrow. It is a form of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and is often prescribed in situations where there is a risk of neutropenia, a condition characterized by a low white blood cell count.

Neutropenia can occur as a side effect of certain cancer treatments, particularly chemotherapy. Chemotherapy can suppress the bone marrow’s ability to produce white blood cells, which are essential for the immune system. Pegfilgrastim helps to stimulate the production and release of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell, to reduce the risk of infections in individuals undergoing chemotherapy.

How should this medicine be used?

Pegfilgrastim Injection is used for: 

• Administration: Pegfilgrastim is typically administered as a subcutaneous (under the skin) injection.
• Timing of Administration: It is usually given once per chemotherapy cycle. The timing of the injection is dependent on the specific chemotherapy regimen being used.
• Dosing: The dose and frequency of Pegfilgrastim can vary based on the specific chemotherapy protocol. Your healthcare provider will determine the appropriate dose and schedule for your individual case.
• Site of Injection: The injection is usually given in the fatty tissue just under the skin, commonly in the thigh or abdomen. Healthcare providers will provide guidance on the specific injection site.
• Patient Education: It is essential to follow your healthcare provider’s instructions regarding the proper administration technique. If you are administering the injection at home, make sure to receive proper training and follow all safety guidelines.
• Monitoring: Your healthcare provider may monitor your blood cell counts regularly to determine the effectiveness of the treatment and make any necessary adjustments to the dose or schedule.

Always follow the instructions provided by your healthcare provider and the medication’s packaging. If you have any questions or concerns about the use of Pegfilgrastim, consult with your healthcare team for clarification and guidance.

Other uses for this medicine

Pegfilgrastim is primarily used to reduce the risk of infection in patients undergoing chemotherapy, particularly by preventing or reducing chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. It is important to note that drug uses may evolve over time, and new indications may be approved after last update. Always consult with your healthcare provider or check the latest medical literature for the most up-to-date information.

What special precautions should I follow?

Here are some general precautions associated with Pegfilgrastim injection:

• Allergies: Inform your healthcare provider about any known allergies or hypersensitivity reactions to pegfilgrastim, filgrastim, or any other components of the medication.
• Bone Disorders: Individuals with pre-existing bone disorders should exercise caution when using pegfilgrastim, as it may exacerbate certain conditions.
• Sickle Cell Disease: Use with caution in patients with sickle cell disease, as the medication may stimulate the production of sickled red blood cells.
• Splenic Rupture: There have been rare reports of splenic rupture, particularly in patients with cancer and those receiving filgrastim or pegfilgrastim. Monitor for signs of splenic rupture, such as left upper abdominal pain or shoulder pain.
• Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Cases of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) have been reported in patients receiving pegfilgrastim. Monitor for symptoms such as fever, lung infiltrates, or respiratory distress.
• Capillary Leak Syndrome: Pegfilgrastim may cause capillary leak syndrome, which can lead to symptoms such as hypotension and edema. Caution is advised in patients with a history of this syndrome.
• Lung Problems: Patients with pre-existing lung problems may be at an increased risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
• Blood Cell Counts: Regularly monitor blood cell counts, including neutrophil counts, during treatment with pegfilgrastim. Adjustments to the dose or schedule may be necessary based on these counts.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: The safety of pegfilgrastim during pregnancy and breastfeeding is not well-established. Consult with your healthcare provider if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding.
• Interactions with Other Medications: Inform your healthcare provider about all medications, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements, that you are taking. Some medications may interact with pegfilgrastim.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s recommendations and guidelines when using pegfilgrastim or any other medication. If you have questions or concerns, discuss them with your healthcare team for personalized advice.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

There are no specific dietary restrictions associated with pegfilgrastim. However, always follow the advice of your healthcare provider, as individual recommendations may vary.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

Pegfilgrastim is typically administered once per chemotherapy cycle. If you miss a dose or are unsure of what to do, contact your healthcare provider immediately. They will provide guidance on whether a makeup dose is needed or if any adjustments to your treatment plan are necessary.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Pegfilgrastim, like any medication, may cause side effects. It’s important to note that not everyone will experience these side effects, and their severity can vary. Common and less severe side effects may include:

• Bone pain: Some people may experience pain in the bones, especially in the lower back or pelvis.
• Pain in the arms or legs: Pain or discomfort may be felt in the arms or legs.
• Headache: Headaches are a relatively common side effect.
• Pain at the injection site: Mild pain or discomfort at the site of injection can occur.
• Pain in joints or muscles: Some individuals may experience pain in the joints or muscles.
• Fatigue: Feeling tired or fatigued is a common side effect.
• Fever: A mild fever may occur.
• Nausea: Some people may experience nausea.

These side effects are often temporary and may improve as your body adjusts to the medication. However, if any of these symptoms persist or worsen, it’s important to inform your healthcare provider.

In rare cases, more serious side effects can occur. Contact your healthcare provider immediately if you experience any of the following:

• Splenomegaly (enlarged spleen): Symptoms may include pain or fullness in the upper left abdomen.
• Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS): This is a serious lung condition that may cause difficulty breathing.
• Allergic reactions: Seek medical attention if you experience signs of an allergic reaction, such as rash, itching, swelling, severe dizziness, or difficulty breathing.
• Capillary leak syndrome: Symptoms may include swelling, weight gain, and low blood pressure.
• Sickle cell crisis: Individuals with sickle cell disease may experience a worsening of their condition.

Always report any unusual or severe symptoms to your healthcare provider promptly. It’s important to communicate openly with your healthcare team about any side effects you may be experiencing during treatment. They can provide guidance on managing side effects and make adjustments to your treatment plan if necessary.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and Disposal of Pegfilgrastim Injection:

• Storage:
  • Store Pegfilgrastim injection in the refrigerator between 36°F to 46°F (2°C to 8°C).
  • Do not freeze.
  • Protect the medication from light.
• Disposal:
  • Dispose of used needles and syringes in a puncture-resistant container.
  • Follow local regulations or guidelines for the disposal of medical waste.
  • Check with your healthcare provider or pharmacist for specific instructions on how to dispose of unused or expired medication.

In case of emergency/overdose

In the case of an overdose or emergency, contact your local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222 or seek emergency medical attention. Overdose symptoms may include severe bone pain or other serious side effects.

What other information should I know?

• Follow Healthcare Provider Instructions: Adhere to your healthcare provider’s instructions regarding the timing, dose, and administration of Pegfilgrastim.
• Regular Monitoring: Regularly monitor blood cell counts as recommended by your healthcare provider to assess the effectiveness of the treatment.
• Inform Healthcare Providers: Inform all healthcare providers, including dentists and surgeons, about your use of Pegfilgrastim. This is important as it may affect certain medical procedures.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: If you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding, discuss the potential risks and benefits of Pegfilgrastim with your healthcare provider.
• Drug Interactions: Inform your healthcare provider about all medications, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements, that you are taking to avoid potential interactions.
• Allergic Reactions: Be vigilant for signs of allergic reactions, such as rash, itching, swelling, severe dizziness, or difficulty breathing, and seek immediate medical attention if they occur.
• Report Side Effects: Report any new or worsening symptoms or side effects to your healthcare provider promptly.
• Medical ID: Consider wearing a medical ID bracelet or carrying a card indicating that you are taking Pegfilgrastim in case of emergencies.

Always consult with your healthcare provider or pharmacist for specific and updated information regarding the storage, disposal, and emergency procedures related to Pegfilgrastim or any medication. The information provided here is a general guideline and may not cover all individual circumstances or changes in medical recommendations.