WARNING

Pazopanib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor used to treat certain types of cancer, primarily renal cell carcinoma (a type of kidney cancer) and soft tissue sarcoma. While it can be effective in managing these conditions, like any medication, pazopanib comes with potential risks and side effects. Here’s a brief overview:

• Common Side Effects:
  • Fatigue: Many patients experience fatigue or weakness.
  • Diarrhea and Nausea: Gastrointestinal issues such as diarrhea and nausea are common.
  • Hypertension: Pazopanib may cause an increase in blood pressure.
• Liver Function: Pazopanib can affect liver function, leading to elevated liver enzymes. Regular monitoring of liver function is essential.
• Cardiovascular Effects: It may contribute to cardiovascular issues, including an increased risk of heart failure or other cardiac complications.
• Hematologic Effects: Some individuals may experience changes in blood counts, such as a decrease in white blood cells, red blood cells, or platelets.
• Thyroid Dysfunction: Pazopanib may affect thyroid function, leading to hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) in some patients.
• Gastrointestinal Perforation: There is a risk of gastrointestinal perforation, although this is relatively rare.
• Wound Healing: Pazopanib may impair wound healing, and it is generally recommended to stop the medication before surgery.
• Proteinuria: Increased protein in the urine (proteinuria) is a possible side effect.
• Pulmonary Hypertension: Rare cases of pulmonary hypertension have been reported.
• Interactions with Other Medications: Pazopanib can interact with other medications, so it’s crucial to inform your healthcare provider about all the drugs you are taking.

It’s important for individuals taking pazopanib to have regular check-ups with their healthcare team to monitor for potential side effects and to address any concerns. The decision to use pazopanib should be made in consultation with a healthcare professional, taking into account the specific medical condition, overall health, and potential risks and benefits for the individual patient.

Why is this medication prescribed?

Pazopanib is a medication used in the treatment of certain types of cancer. It belongs to a class of drugs known as tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Tyrosine kinases are enzymes that play a role in the growth and spread of cancer cells. Pazopanib works by interfering with the action of these enzymes, thereby inhibiting the growth of cancer cells and cutting off their blood supply.

Pazopanib is primarily prescribed for the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma (kidney cancer) and soft tissue sarcoma. It may also be used in other types of cancer, as determined by a healthcare professional.

How should this medicine be used?

The usage of pazopanib is typically outlined by the prescribing healthcare professional, and it’s crucial for patients to follow their instructions carefully. Here are some general guidelines:

• Dosage: The dosage of pazopanib can vary based on the specific cancer being treated and individual patient factors. It is usually taken orally in the form of tablets.
• Administration: Pazopanib is commonly taken once a day, with or without food. It’s essential to take it consistently at the same time each day.
• Follow Healthcare Provider Instructions: Patients should strictly follow their healthcare provider’s instructions regarding dosage and any specific guidelines for taking the medication.
• Monitoring: Regular medical check-ups and monitoring are necessary to assess the response to treatment and manage potential side effects.
• Interaction with Other Medications: Inform your healthcare provider about all medications, including prescription and over-the-counter drugs, as well as herbal supplements. Some medications may interact with pazopanib.
• Precautions: Due to the risk of hypertension, blood pressure should be monitored regularly during treatment. Pazopanib may also affect liver function, so liver function tests are typically performed.
• Wound Healing: If surgery is planned, it’s important to inform the surgeon about pazopanib use, as the medication may impair wound healing.
• Pregnancy and Contraception: Pazopanib can harm an unborn baby, so effective contraception is crucial during treatment. It should not be used during pregnancy unless the potential benefits outweigh the risks.

Patients should communicate openly with their healthcare team about any concerns, side effects, or changes in health while taking pazopanib. It’s important to attend all scheduled medical appointments for proper monitoring and management of the treatment.

Other uses for this medicine

Pazopanib is primarily approved for the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma (kidney cancer) and advanced soft tissue sarcoma. However, physicians may sometimes consider its use “off-label” for other types of cancers or conditions. Off-label use means that a medication is prescribed for a purpose not officially approved by regulatory agencies. The decision to use pazopanib off-label is typically based on individual patient factors and the assessment of the treating healthcare professional.

What special precautions should I follow?

Special Precautions for Pazopanib:

• Pregnancy and Contraception: Pazopanib can cause harm to an unborn baby. It is essential for women of childbearing age to use effective contraception during treatment and for some time after discontinuation. Pregnant women or those planning to become pregnant should avoid the use of pazopanib.
• Liver Function: Pazopanib may affect liver function. Regular monitoring of liver enzymes is necessary, and the medication may need to be adjusted or discontinued if liver problems occur.
• Hypertension: Pazopanib can cause an increase in blood pressure. Blood pressure should be monitored regularly, and antihypertensive medications may be prescribed if necessary.
• Cardiac Monitoring: Due to potential cardiovascular effects, patients with a history of cardiac issues or risk factors for cardiovascular disease may need close monitoring during treatment.
• Wound Healing: Pazopanib may impair wound healing. Patients undergoing surgery should inform their surgeon about their use of pazopanib, and the medication may need to be temporarily stopped before and after surgery.
• Thyroid Function: Pazopanib may affect thyroid function. Regular monitoring of thyroid hormones is recommended.
• Proteinuria: Increased protein in the urine (proteinuria) is a potential side effect. Regular monitoring of urine may be necessary.
• Gastrointestinal Perforation: There is a risk of gastrointestinal perforation, although it is relatively rare. Patients with a history of gastrointestinal issues or recent abdominal surgery may require special attention.
• Drug Interactions: Pazopanib can interact with other medications. It’s important to inform healthcare providers about all medications, including prescription and over-the-counter drugs, as well as herbal supplements.
• Allergies: Patients with known allergies to pazopanib or its components should avoid its use.

Patients should communicate openly with their healthcare team about their medical history, current medications, and any concerns or side effects experienced during pazopanib treatment. It’s crucial to attend all scheduled medical appointments for proper monitoring and management of the treatment.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

There are no specific dietary restrictions associated with pazopanib. However, it’s advisable to maintain a healthy and well-balanced diet to support overall health during cancer treatment. It’s important to stay hydrated and address any nutritional concerns with your healthcare team.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

If you miss a dose of pazopanib, the general guidance is as follows:

• If it is within 12 hours of the missed dose, take the missed dose as soon as you remember.
• If more than 12 hours have passed, skip the missed dose and take the next dose at the regular scheduled time.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Pazopanib, like any medication, can cause side effects. It’s important to note that not everyone will experience these side effects, and their severity can vary from person to person. Common side effects of pazopanib include:

• Fatigue: Feeling tired or weak is a common side effect.
• Diarrhea: Gastrointestinal issues, including diarrhea, are frequently reported.
• Nausea and Vomiting: Some individuals may experience nausea and vomiting.
• Hypertension (High Blood Pressure): Pazopanib can lead to an increase in blood pressure.
• Changes in Liver Function: Elevated liver enzymes may occur, and periodic liver function tests are typically conducted.
• Decreased Appetite: Some people may experience a reduced appetite.
• Headache: Headaches are a reported side effect.
• Hair Color Changes: Pazopanib has been associated with changes in hair color.
• Proteinuria: Increased protein in the urine (proteinuria) can occur.
• Hypothyroidism: A decrease in thyroid function may occur.
• Palmar-Plantar Erythrodysesthesia (Hand-Foot Syndrome): Skin reactions on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet, including redness, swelling, and pain.
• Dysgeusia (Altered Taste): Changes in taste perception.
• Cardiac Effects: Pazopanib may have cardiovascular effects, and it can rarely lead to heart failure.
• Wound Healing Complications: It may impair wound healing, and precautions are necessary around the time of surgery.
• Gastrointestinal Perforation: Though rare, there is a risk of gastrointestinal perforation.
• Pulmonary Hypertension: Rare cases of pulmonary hypertension have been reported.

It’s crucial to report any side effects to your healthcare provider promptly. Some side effects may require medical attention, and your healthcare team can provide guidance on managing them. Additionally, individuals taking pazopanib should undergo regular medical check-ups to monitor for potential side effects and assess the overall response to treatment.

This list is not exhaustive, and individual responses to medications can vary. If you have specific concerns about pazopanib or experience any unusual symptoms, consult with your healthcare provider for personalized advice.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and Disposal of Pazopanib:

• Storage:
  • Store pazopanib at room temperature, away from excessive heat and moisture.
  • Keep the medication in its original container, and protect it from light.
  • Do not store pazopanib in the bathroom.
• Disposal:
  • Dispose of any unused or expired medication in a safe and environmentally friendly manner.
  • Follow local regulations or guidelines for proper disposal. Do not flush medications down the toilet unless instructed to do so.
  • You can consult with your pharmacist or local waste disposal facility for guidance on how to dispose of pazopanib properly.

In case of emergency/overdose

In the event of an overdose or if you suspect someone has taken more pazopanib than prescribed, seek emergency medical attention immediately. Overdose symptoms may include severe nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and other adverse reactions. It’s important to bring the medication container or packaging to the emergency room to help healthcare professionals assess the situation.

What other information should I know?

• Regular Follow-ups: Attend all scheduled medical appointments for follow-up assessments and monitoring of your condition.
• Inform Healthcare Providers: Inform all healthcare providers involved in your care, including dentists and surgeons, about your use of pazopanib.
• Medication Interactions: Inform your healthcare provider about all medications you are taking, including prescription and over-the-counter drugs, as well as herbal supplements. Some medications may interact with pazopanib.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: If you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding, discuss the risks and benefits of pazopanib with your healthcare provider.
• Travel Considerations: Inform your healthcare provider if you plan to travel, especially if it involves changes in time zones, as this may affect your medication schedule.
• Diet and Lifestyle: Maintain a healthy and well-balanced diet. Discuss any specific dietary concerns with your healthcare team. Avoid grapefruit and grapefruit juice, as they may interact with pazopanib.
• Symptom Management: Report any new or worsening symptoms to your healthcare provider promptly.
• Support Services: Consider seeking support services or joining support groups to help cope with the emotional and physical aspects of cancer treatment.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and guidelines regarding the use of pazopanib, and consult them with any questions or concerns you may have during your treatment.