WARNING

Maraviroc is a medication used to treat HIV infection, and like any medication, it comes with potential risks and side effects. Here’s a brief overview of the risks associated with taking Maraviroc:

• Allergic Reactions: Some people may experience allergic reactions to Maraviroc, which can include symptoms like rash, fever, nausea, vomiting, or trouble breathing. Seek immediate medical attention if you suspect an allergic reaction.
• Liver Problems: Maraviroc can affect the liver, leading to elevated liver enzymes or more severe liver issues in some cases. Regular monitoring of liver function is essential while taking this medication.
• Changes in Immune System Function: Maraviroc alters the way HIV enters cells, which could potentially affect the immune system. This may result in increased susceptibility to certain infections, so it’s important to discuss your medical history and any existing health conditions with your healthcare provider.
• Drug Interactions: Maraviroc can interact with other medications, potentially affecting their effectiveness or leading to increased side effects. Your healthcare provider should be aware of all the medications you are taking to ensure they are compatible with Maraviroc.
• Cardiovascular Risk: There have been concerns about Maraviroc potentially increasing the risk of cardiovascular events, such as heart attacks. This risk should be discussed with your healthcare provider, especially if you have pre-existing cardiovascular issues.
• Side Effects: Common side effects of Maraviroc include cough, fever, upper respiratory tract infections, and rash. Other less common side effects may also occur, so it’s important to report any unusual symptoms to your healthcare provider.
• Resistance: Like other HIV medications, there is a risk of developing resistance to Maraviroc if it is not taken as prescribed or if the virus mutates. It should be used in combination with other HIV medications as part of a comprehensive treatment plan.

It’s crucial to consult with a healthcare professional before starting Maraviroc or any other HIV medication. They can assess your individual health, discuss potential risks, and monitor your progress to ensure the best possible outcome in managing your HIV infection. This information is for general guidance, and specific recommendations may vary based on individual circumstances.

Why is this medication prescribed?

Maraviroc is prescribed for the treatment of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infection. It belongs to a class of medications known as CCR5 antagonists. HIV attacks the immune system, specifically the CD4 cells (T cells), and can lead to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) if left untreated. Maraviroc is used in combination with other antiretroviral drugs to help control the replication of the virus and reduce the viral load in the body, ultimately slowing down the progression of HIV infection.

How should this medicine be used?

Here are some key points regarding how Maraviroc should be used:

• Prescription: Maraviroc should only be used under the supervision of a healthcare provider who specializes in HIV treatment. It is not a standalone treatment and is typically part of a combination therapy regimen.
• Dosage: Maraviroc comes as a tablet and a solution (liquid) to take by mouth. The specific dosage of Maraviroc can vary depending on individual factors, such as the patient’s weight, overall health, and other medications they are taking. Your healthcare provider will determine the appropriate dosage for you.
• Combination Therapy: Maraviroc is most effective when used in combination with other antiretroviral drugs. This combination therapy is designed to target HIV at multiple points in its life cycle, reducing the likelihood of drug resistance.
• CCR5 Tropism Testing: Before starting Maraviroc, a specialized test called CCR5 tropism testing is often performed to determine if the strain of HIV in your body primarily uses the CCR5 co-receptor to enter cells. Maraviroc is most effective against CCR5-tropic HIV.
• Take as Prescribed: It’s crucial to take Maraviroc exactly as prescribed by your healthcare provider. This means taking the medication at the same time each day and following the recommended dosage.
• Food and Timing: Maraviroc can be taken with or without food. However, it’s essential to be consistent in how you take it. If you choose to take it with food, always take it with food, and if you prefer to take it without food, continue doing so.
• Adherence: Adherence to your prescribed regimen is crucial for the effectiveness of Maraviroc and other HIV medications. Missing doses or not following your provider’s instructions can lead to treatment failure and the development of drug-resistant HIV strains.
• Regular Monitoring: While taking Maraviroc, you will require regular monitoring by your healthcare provider. This includes monitoring your CD4 cell count, viral load, liver function, and potential side effects.
• Side Effects: Be aware of potential side effects and report any unusual symptoms to your healthcare provider promptly. Common side effects may include cough, fever, upper respiratory tract infections, and rash.
• Precautions: Maraviroc may interact with other medications, so it’s essential to inform your healthcare provider of all the drugs you are taking, including over-the-counter and herbal supplements.

Always consult with your healthcare provider for specific guidance on how to use Maraviroc effectively and to address any questions or concerns you may have regarding its use as part of your HIV treatment plan.

Other uses for this medicine

Maraviroc is primarily prescribed for the treatment of HIV infection, but it is not typically used for other medical conditions. Its main purpose is to inhibit the entry of HIV into CD4 cells by blocking the CCR5 co-receptor. While it may have some experimental or off-label uses, it is crucial to use Maraviroc only under the guidance and prescription of a healthcare provider for its approved indication.

What special precautions should I follow?

Special precautions should be taken when using Maraviroc, and it’s important to discuss these with your healthcare provider. Here are some key precautions to consider:

• HIV Specialist: Maraviroc should be prescribed and managed by a healthcare provider who specializes in HIV treatment. They have the expertise to determine if Maraviroc is appropriate for your specific case and can monitor your progress effectively.
• Tropism Testing: Before starting Maraviroc, a tropism test is typically performed to determine if your HIV strain uses the CCR5 co-receptor. Maraviroc is effective primarily against CCR5-tropic HIV. If you have a different tropism, Maraviroc may not be the right choice for you.
• Combination Therapy: Maraviroc should be used as part of a combination therapy regimen for HIV treatment. It is not a standalone treatment. Your healthcare provider will select other antiretroviral medications to be used alongside Maraviroc to ensure effective viral suppression.
• Adherence: Strict adherence to your prescribed medication regimen is essential. Missing doses or not taking Maraviroc as directed can lead to treatment failure and the development of drug-resistant HIV strains.
• Regular Monitoring: Your healthcare provider will monitor your progress while taking Maraviroc. This includes regular blood tests to check your CD4 cell count, viral load, liver function, and other potential side effects.
• Potential Drug Interactions: Maraviroc can interact with other medications, including those used to treat HIV and other medical conditions. Inform your healthcare provider about all the drugs, supplements, and herbal products you are taking to ensure there are no harmful interactions.
• Allergic Reactions: Be aware of the possibility of allergic reactions to Maraviroc. If you experience symptoms like rash, fever, nausea, vomiting, or trouble breathing, seek immediate medical attention.
• Liver Function: Maraviroc can affect liver function, so regular monitoring of liver enzymes is essential. If you have pre-existing liver problems, your healthcare provider will need to assess the risks and benefits of Maraviroc carefully.
• Cardiovascular Health: Discuss your cardiovascular health with your healthcare provider, especially if you have a history of heart disease or risk factors. There have been concerns about Maraviroc potentially increasing the risk of cardiovascular events.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: If you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding, discuss the use of Maraviroc with your healthcare provider. The safety of Maraviroc during pregnancy and breastfeeding is not well-established, and the risks and benefits should be carefully considered.

It’s essential to have open and regular communication with your healthcare provider when using Maraviroc or any other HIV medication. They can provide personalized guidance, monitor your treatment progress, and help you manage any potential side effects or complications effectively.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

There are no specific dietary restrictions associated with Maraviroc. However, maintaining a healthy diet is important for overall health, especially when living with HIV. Here are some general dietary recommendations:

• Balanced Diet: Consume a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, whole grains, and healthy fats to support your immune system and overall well-being.
• Hydration: Drink plenty of water to stay well-hydrated, as some medications may lead to dehydration.
• Alcohol and Caffeine: Limit alcohol and caffeine intake, as they can affect your liver function and interact with medications.
• Calcium and Vitamin D: Some people with HIV may be at risk for bone health issues, so consider discussing with your healthcare provider whether you need calcium and vitamin D supplements.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

If you forget to take a dose of Maraviroc, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s close to the time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one. If you have questions or concerns about missed doses, consult your healthcare provider or pharmacist.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Maraviroc, like any medication, can potentially cause side effects in some individuals. It’s important to note that not everyone will experience these side effects, and some people may have no side effects at all. Common side effects of Maraviroc may include:

• Cough: Some individuals may develop a persistent cough while taking Maraviroc. If this occurs and becomes bothersome, it should be reported to a healthcare provider.
• Fever: Fever is another common side effect. It’s usually mild to moderate and often occurs early in treatment.
• Upper Respiratory Tract Infections: Infections of the upper respiratory tract, such as the common cold or sinus infections, may occur.
• Rash: Skin rash is a potential side effect of Maraviroc. It can range from mild to severe and may be accompanied by itching. If you develop a rash while taking Maraviroc, contact your healthcare provider.
• Abdominal Pain: Some individuals may experience abdominal pain or discomfort.
• Headache: Headaches are reported by some people taking Maraviroc.
• Dizziness: Dizziness can occur as a side effect, although it is less common.
• Nausea: Nausea or an upset stomach may occur in some individuals.
• Vomiting: Vomiting is another gastrointestinal side effect that may occur.
• Liver Enzyme Changes: Maraviroc can affect liver function, leading to changes in liver enzyme levels. Regular monitoring of liver function is essential during treatment.

It’s important to note that these side effects can vary in intensity and may not affect everyone. Additionally, some side effects may improve or resolve as your body adjusts to the medication. Always communicate any unusual or bothersome symptoms to your healthcare provider, as they can help manage side effects and make necessary adjustments to your treatment plan if needed.

In rare cases, Maraviroc may cause more serious side effects, including severe allergic reactions, changes in heart rhythm, and liver problems. If you experience severe symptoms, such as difficulty breathing, chest pain, or signs of liver dysfunction (e.g., jaundice), seek immediate medical attention.

Your healthcare provider will carefully monitor your progress while taking Maraviroc, and they can provide guidance on managing side effects and ensuring the overall safety and effectiveness of your HIV treatment.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage:

• Store Maraviroc at room temperature, typically between 68°F to 77°F (20°C to 25°C).
• Keep the medication in its original container or packaging to protect it from light and moisture.
• Do not store Maraviroc in the bathroom, as the humidity and temperature variations can affect its stability.
• Keep the medication out of reach of children and pets.

Disposal:

• If you have any unused or expired Maraviroc tablets, follow your local regulations for medication disposal. Do not flush them down the toilet or pour them down the drain unless instructed to do so.
• Some pharmacies and healthcare facilities offer medication disposal programs or take-back initiatives where you can safely dispose of unused or expired medications.

In case of emergency/overdose

If you suspect an overdose of Maraviroc or experience severe side effects, seek immediate medical attention or contact your local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222 (in the United States) for guidance. Emergency symptoms may include severe allergic reactions, difficulty breathing, chest pain, or other severe adverse effects.

What other information should I know?

• Follow your healthcare provider’s instructions carefully for taking Maraviroc. Take the prescribed dose at the scheduled times and do not alter the dosage without consulting your healthcare provider.
• Maraviroc is not a cure for HIV but is used as part of a combination therapy to manage the virus. Continue taking all other prescribed HIV medications as directed by your healthcare provider.
• Inform your healthcare provider about all medications you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs, supplements, and herbal products, as Maraviroc can interact with other medications.
• Regularly attend follow-up appointments with your healthcare provider to monitor your HIV treatment progress, assess side effects, and adjust your treatment plan as needed.
• Discuss any concerns or questions about Maraviroc with your healthcare provider. They can provide personalized guidance and address any specific issues you may have.
• Maraviroc should only be used by the individual for whom it was prescribed. Do not share it with others, even if they have a similar medical condition.
• Be aware that Maraviroc does not prevent the transmission of HIV to others. Practice safe sex and take precautions to prevent the spread of the virus to sexual partners.
• Always keep a record of your medications, dosages, and any allergies you may have, and carry this information with you in case of emergencies.

Remember that the information provided here is for general guidance, and specific instructions may vary depending on your individual circumstances and location. Always follow the advice and instructions of your healthcare provider regarding the use, storage, and disposal of Maraviroc or any other medications.