WARNING

Fragmin is a brand name for dalteparin, which is an anticoagulant medication used to prevent blood clots. Like any medication, Fragmin carries certain risks, including:

• Bleeding: Fragmin works by thinning the blood, which can increase the risk of bleeding. This can range from minor bleeding, such as nosebleeds or bruising, to more serious bleeding events.
• Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT): In rare cases, Fragmin can cause a condition called HIT, where the body’s immune system attacks its own platelets, leading to a decreased platelet count and an increased risk of blood clots.
• Osteoporosis: Long-term use of Fragmin may increase the risk of osteoporosis, a condition characterized by weakened bones, particularly if used in high doses or for an extended period.
• Hypersensitivity reactions: Some individuals may experience allergic reactions to Fragmin, which can range from mild itching and rash to more severe reactions like difficulty breathing or swelling of the face, lips, or throat.
• Injection site reactions: Fragmin is administered via subcutaneous injection, which can sometimes cause irritation, pain, or bruising at the injection site.
• Other side effects: Other potential side effects of Fragmin may include headache, nausea, diarrhea, and hair loss, though these are less common.

It’s essential for patients taking Fragmin to be aware of these risks and to discuss any concerns with their healthcare provider. Additionally, it’s crucial to follow dosing instructions carefully and to report any unusual symptoms or side effects promptly.

Why is this medication prescribed?

Fragmin (dalteparin) is prescribed for several medical conditions primarily related to preventing blood clots. It belongs to a class of medications known as low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs). Fragmin is commonly prescribed for the following reasons:

• Prevention of Blood Clots: Fragmin is often used to prevent blood clots in various situations, such as after surgery (especially orthopedic surgery like hip or knee replacement), during bed rest due to illness, or in people with certain medical conditions that increase the risk of blood clots.
• Treatment of Blood Clots: Fragmin may also be used to treat existing blood clots, such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE), to prevent them from getting larger or recurring.
• Prevention of Blood Clots in Certain Medical Conditions: Fragmin can be prescribed for people with specific medical conditions that predispose them to blood clots, such as cancer or certain heart conditions.
• Treatment of Heart Attack: Fragmin may be used as part of the treatment for certain types of heart attacks, particularly those associated with ST-segment elevation.
• Prevention of Blood Clots during Hemodialysis: Fragmin may be used to prevent clotting in the blood during hemodialysis in patients with kidney failure.

How should this medicine be used?

Fragmin (dalteparin) is typically administered as a subcutaneous injection, meaning it is injected under the skin. Here’s how Fragmin should be used:

• Dosage: The dosage of Fragmin varies depending on the condition being treated, the patient’s weight, and other factors. Follow your healthcare provider’s instructions carefully regarding the dose and frequency of Fragmin injections.
• Injection Site: Fragmin is usually injected into the fatty tissue of the abdomen, alternating sides with each injection. Other acceptable injection sites include the thigh or upper arm. Choose a different injection site for each dose to minimize the risk of irritation or bruising.
• Preparation: If you are using a multi-dose vial of Fragmin, carefully inspect the vial for any signs of damage or contamination before each use. Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water. Clean the injection site with an alcohol swab and allow it to dry.
• Administration: Remove the cap from the needle and syringe. Hold the syringe like a dart at a 45 to 90-degree angle to the skin. Pinch a fold of skin at the injection site. Insert the needle into the skin at the chosen site and depress the plunger to inject the medication. Hold the skin fold while withdrawing the needle.
• Disposal: Dispose of used needles and syringes in a puncture-resistant container, as instructed by your healthcare provider or pharmacist. Do not reuse needles or syringes.
• Storage: Store Fragmin at room temperature away from light and moisture. Do not freeze. Keep it out of reach of children and pets.
• Missed Dose: If you miss a dose of Fragmin, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one.
• Follow-up: Attend all scheduled appointments with your healthcare provider for monitoring and adjustment of Fragmin therapy as needed.

Always follow the specific instructions provided by your healthcare provider or pharmacist when using Fragmin. If you have any questions or concerns about the administration of Fragmin, do not hesitate to consult with your healthcare provider for guidance.

Other uses for this medicine

While Fragmin is primarily used for preventing blood clots, there may be off-label or investigational uses for this medication. However, it’s crucial to consult a healthcare provider before using Fragmin for any purpose other than its approved indications.

What special precautions should I follow?

As for special precautions to follow when taking Fragmin, here are some important points:

• Bleeding Risk: Fragmin is an anticoagulant medication, which means it increases the risk of bleeding. Patients should be cautious to avoid injuries that could lead to bleeding and should promptly report any signs of bleeding to their healthcare provider.
• Monitoring: Regular monitoring of blood tests, such as platelet count and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), may be necessary to ensure that Fragmin is working effectively and to monitor for any potential adverse effects.
• Drug Interactions: Patients should inform their healthcare provider about all medications, including over-the-counter drugs, herbal supplements, and vitamins, as some medications can interact with Fragmin and affect its effectiveness or increase the risk of bleeding.
• Injection Technique: Patients should receive proper training on how to administer Fragmin injections correctly to minimize the risk of complications, such as bruising or hematoma at the injection site.
• Allergic Reactions: Patients should be aware of the signs of allergic reactions to Fragmin, such as rash, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing, and should seek immediate medical attention if they occur.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Fragmin may be used during pregnancy or breastfeeding if the potential benefits outweigh the risks, but it’s important for pregnant or breastfeeding women to discuss the risks and benefits with their healthcare provider before using Fragmin.
• Medical Conditions: Patients with certain medical conditions, such as severe kidney or liver disease, should use Fragmin with caution or may require dosage adjustments under the guidance of a healthcare provider.

It’s essential for patients to follow their healthcare provider’s instructions carefully and to communicate any concerns or questions about Fragmin treatment.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

There are typically no specific dietary restrictions associated with Fragmin use. However, maintaining a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins can support overall health. Patients should consult healthcare providers regarding any dietary concerns or interactions with specific foods or supplements.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

If a dose of Fragmin is missed, take it as soon as remembered unless it’s close to the time for the next scheduled dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and continue with the regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one. Contact healthcare providers for further guidance if unsure about what to do. It’s essential to maintain a consistent dosing schedule to ensure Fragmin’s effectiveness in preventing blood clots.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Fragmin (dalteparin) is generally well-tolerated, but like all medications, it can cause side effects in some individuals. Common side effects of Fragmin may include:

• Bleeding: Fragmin works as an anticoagulant, so the most common side effect is an increased risk of bleeding. This can manifest as easy bruising, nosebleeds, bleeding gums, or prolonged bleeding from minor cuts.
• Injection Site Reactions: Subcutaneous injections of Fragmin may cause redness, pain, itching, or bruising at the injection site. Rotating injection sites can help minimize these reactions.
• Allergic Reactions: Some people may experience allergic reactions to Fragmin, which can include rash, itching, swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, or trouble breathing. Seek immediate medical attention if any of these symptoms occur.
• Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT): Although rare, Fragmin can cause a condition called HIT, where the body’s immune system attacks its own platelets, leading to a decreased platelet count and an increased risk of blood clots.
• Osteoporosis: Prolonged use of Fragmin, especially in high doses, may increase the risk of osteoporosis (weakening of the bones), particularly in older adults.
• Other Side Effects: Other less common side effects may include headache, dizziness, nausea, diarrhea, hair loss, or injection site hematoma (a localized collection of blood).

It’s important to note that this list is not exhaustive, and some individuals may experience side effects not listed here. If you experience any unusual or bothersome symptoms while taking Fragmin, it’s crucial to inform your healthcare provider promptly. They can evaluate your symptoms and determine whether any adjustments to your treatment plan are necessary. Additionally, if you have any concerns about potential side effects, discussing them with your healthcare provider before starting Fragmin can help alleviate any anxieties and ensure safe and effective use of the medication.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and Disposal:

• Storage: Fragmin should be stored at room temperature away from light and moisture. Avoid storing it in the bathroom or kitchen, where it might be exposed to humidity or temperature extremes. Keep it out of reach of children and pets.
• Disposal: Unused or expired Fragmin should be disposed of properly. Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. Contact your local pharmacy or healthcare facility for guidance on safe disposal methods.

In case of emergency/overdose

In case of emergency/overdose of Fragmin:

• Bleeding: In the case of excessive bleeding while taking Fragmin, seek emergency medical attention immediately. This may involve contacting emergency services or going to the nearest hospital.
• Overdose: If you suspect an overdose of Fragmin or experience symptoms such as severe or prolonged bleeding, contact your healthcare provider or local poison control center (in the United States, you can reach Poison Help at 1-800-222-1222) immediately for guidance.

What other information should I know?

• Medical Alert: Inform healthcare providers, including dentists and surgeons, that you are taking Fragmin before any medical procedures. Fragmin may need to be temporarily discontinued before certain procedures to reduce the risk of excessive bleeding.
• Regular Monitoring: Regular blood tests may be necessary to monitor the effectiveness and safety of Fragmin therapy. These tests may include platelet counts and coagulation studies.
• Travel: If you are traveling while taking Fragmin, ensure that you have an adequate supply of medication and any necessary supplies for administering injections. Consider carrying a medical alert card or bracelet indicating that you are taking an anticoagulant.
• Follow-up: Attend all scheduled appointments with your healthcare provider to monitor your response to Fragmin therapy and address any concerns or side effects.
• Medication Interactions: Inform your healthcare provider about all medications, supplements, and herbal products you are taking, as they may interact with Fragmin and affect its effectiveness or increase the risk of bleeding.
• Storage of Injection Supplies: If Fragmin is provided in a multi-dose vial or pre-filled syringe, follow the manufacturer’s instructions for storage of injection supplies, including needles and syringes, to maintain sterility and safety.

Always consult with your healthcare provider or pharmacist if you have any questions or concerns about storage, disposal, emergency procedures, or any other aspects of Fragmin therapy. They can provide personalized guidance based on your individual needs and circumstances.