Why is this medication prescribed?

Tadalafil is prescribed primarily for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). It belongs to a class of medications called phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors.

In the case of erectile dysfunction, Tadalafil works by increasing blood flow to the penis during sexual stimulation, thereby aiding in achieving and maintaining an erection. For benign prostatic hyperplasia, Tadalafil helps to relax the smooth muscles in the prostate and bladder, which can improve symptoms such as difficulty urinating, frequent urination, or the sensation of incomplete emptying of the bladder.

Additionally, Tadalafil is also prescribed under the brand name Adcirca for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), which is a type of high blood pressure that affects the arteries in the lungs and the right side of the heart. In this condition, Tadalafil helps to relax the blood vessels in the lungs, allowing blood to flow more easily and reducing the workload on the heart.

How should this medicine be used?

Here’s how Tadalafil is typically used:

• Dosage: Tadalafil is available in tablet form with different strengths (2.5 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg, and 20 mg). The recommended starting dose for most patients with ED is 10 mg, taken orally before anticipated sexual activity. However, the dosage can vary depending on individual response and the presence of other medical conditions. For the treatment of BPH, a lower daily dose of 5 mg may be prescribed.
• Timing: Tadalafil is usually taken as needed, approximately 30 minutes before sexual activity. It can be taken with or without food. The effects of Tadalafil may last for up to 36 hours, earning it the nickname “the weekend pill.”
• Daily Use: For patients with both ED and BPH, or for those who require regular treatment for ED, Tadalafil can also be taken once a day at a lower dose (usually 2.5 mg to 5 mg per day), regardless of sexual activity. This daily regimen ensures continuous therapeutic levels of the medication in the bloodstream.
• Avoid Alcohol and Grapefruit: Consumption of alcohol should be limited while taking Tadalafil, as it can increase the risk of side effects such as dizziness or low blood pressure. Grapefruit or grapefruit juice should also be avoided, as it may interact with Tadalafil and lead to unwanted side effects.
• Follow Doctor’s Instructions: It’s important to use Tadalafil exactly as prescribed by your healthcare provider. Do not take more than the recommended dose or use it more frequently than prescribed. If you have any questions or concerns about how to use Tadalafil, consult your doctor or pharmacist for guidance.
• Adherence: To get the best results from Tadalafil, it’s essential to take it regularly as prescribed and to communicate with your healthcare provider about any changes in your condition or any side effects you may experience.

Always consult with a healthcare professional before starting or changing any medication regimen, including Tadalafil, to ensure it is safe and appropriate for your individual health needs.

Other uses for this medicine

Some off-label uses of Tadalafil include:

• Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH): Tadalafil is sometimes used off-label to treat PAH, a condition characterized by high blood pressure in the arteries of the lungs.
• Raynaud’s phenomenon: Tadalafil may be prescribed off-label for individuals with Raynaud’s phenomenon, a condition where certain parts of the body, typically the fingers and toes, feel numb and cold in response to cold temperatures or stress.

What special precautions should I follow?

Special precautions should be taken when using Tadalafil, and it’s essential to follow the guidance of your healthcare provider. Here are some important precautions to keep in mind:

• Medical history: Inform your doctor about your complete medical history, including any allergies, past or current medical conditions, and all medications you are currently taking, including prescription, over-the-counter, and herbal supplements.
• Cardiovascular health: Tadalafil can cause a temporary decrease in blood pressure, particularly when taken with other medications that lower blood pressure or with alcohol. Inform your doctor if you have a history of heart problems, stroke, or low blood pressure, as Tadalafil may not be suitable or may require dosage adjustments.
• Priapism: Priapism, a prolonged and painful erection lasting more than four hours, is a rare but serious side effect of Tadalafil. Seek immediate medical attention if you experience an erection lasting longer than four hours.
• Vision loss: Tadalafil has been associated with rare cases of non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION), a condition that causes sudden vision loss. Inform your doctor if you have a history of vision problems or NAION, as Tadalafil may increase the risk of this condition.
• Grapefruit juice: Avoid consuming grapefruit or grapefruit juice while taking Tadalafil, as it may interact with the medication and increase the risk of side effects.
• Alcohol: Limit alcohol consumption while taking Tadalafil, as it can increase the risk of side effects such as dizziness or low blood pressure.
• Drug interactions: Tadalafil may interact with certain medications, including nitrates, alpha-blockers, antifungal medications, antibiotics, and HIV protease inhibitors. Inform your doctor about all medications you are taking to avoid potential interactions.

Always use Tadalafil exactly as prescribed by your healthcare provider, and do not exceed the recommended dosage or frequency of use. If you have any questions or concerns about using Tadalafil, consult your doctor or pharmacist for guidance.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

Regarding special dietary instructions for Tadalafil, there are no specific dietary restrictions associated with its use. However, it’s essential to maintain a healthy diet and lifestyle to support overall health and well-being.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

If you forget to take a dose of Tadalafil, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one. If you are unsure about what to do, consult your healthcare provider or pharmacist for guidance.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Tadalafil, like any medication, can cause side effects, although not everyone experiences them. Common side effects of Tadalafil may include:

• Headache: This is one of the most common side effects reported by individuals taking Tadalafil.
• Flushing (warmth, redness, or tingling feeling): Some people may experience flushing of the skin, particularly on the face, neck, or chest.
• Indigestion or upset stomach: Tadalafil can sometimes cause gastrointestinal discomfort, including indigestion, stomach pain, or diarrhea.
• Muscle or back pain: Some individuals may experience muscle aches or back pain while taking Tadalafil.
• Nasal congestion: Tadalafil may cause nasal congestion or a runny or stuffy nose.
• Dizziness or lightheadedness: Tadalafil can cause dizziness or a feeling of lightheadedness, particularly when standing up quickly from a sitting or lying position.
• Vision changes: Rarely, Tadalafil may cause changes in vision, including blurred vision, difficulty distinguishing between blue and green colors, or sudden vision loss in one or both eyes. Seek medical attention immediately if you experience any changes in vision while taking Tadalafil.
• Priapism: Priapism, a prolonged and painful erection lasting more than four hours, is a rare but serious side effect of Tadalafil. Seek immediate medical attention if you experience an erection lasting longer than four hours.
• Hearing loss: In rare cases, Tadalafil may cause sudden hearing loss or ringing in the ears (tinnitus). If you experience any changes in hearing while taking Tadalafil, stop using the medication and seek medical attention.

It’s important to note that this is not a complete list of side effects associated with Tadalafil. Some individuals may experience other side effects not listed here. If you experience any bothersome or persistent side effects while taking Tadalafil, or if you have any concerns about its use, consult your healthcare provider for further evaluation and guidance. If you experience severe or life-threatening symptoms, seek emergency medical attention immediately.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and disposal of Tadalafil:

• Storage: Store Tadalafil tablets at room temperature away from moisture and heat. Keep the medication in its original container, tightly closed, and out of reach of children.
• Disposal: Dispose of any unused or expired Tadalafil tablets properly according to local regulations or guidelines. Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. Consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal facility for guidance on how to dispose of medications safely.

In case of emergency/overdose

In case of overdose or emergency, such as experiencing severe side effects or symptoms of an allergic reaction (e.g., difficulty breathing, swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat), seek immediate medical attention by calling your local emergency services or going to the nearest emergency room. If possible, bring the medication container or label with you to assist healthcare providers in identifying the medication ingested and its dosage.

What other information should I know?

• Avoid taking Tadalafil with other medications that contain nitrates or nitric oxide donors, as this combination can cause a sudden and severe drop in blood pressure.
• Inform your healthcare provider about all medications you are currently taking, including prescription, over-the-counter, and herbal supplements, to avoid potential drug interactions.
• Tadalafil is not intended for use in women or children under 18 years of age.
• Do not use Tadalafil for any condition other than the one prescribed by your healthcare provider.
• Tadalafil does not protect against sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) such as HIV, hepatitis B, gonorrhea, or syphilis. Practice safe sex by using latex condoms to reduce the risk of STD transmission.
• If you experience sudden vision loss or hearing loss while taking Tadalafil, stop using the medication and seek medical attention immediately.
• Follow your healthcare provider’s instructions carefully regarding the dosage and administration of Tadalafil.
• Report any bothersome or persistent side effects to your healthcare provider.
• Keep all appointments with your healthcare provider for regular check-ups and monitoring while taking Tadalafil.

By following these guidelines and precautions, you can use Tadalafil safely and effectively under the supervision of your healthcare provider. If you have any questions or concerns about Tadalafil or its use, consult your doctor or pharmacist for further information and guidance.