Why is this medication prescribed?

Dimethyl fumarate is primarily prescribed for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS), specifically relapsing forms of MS. MS is a chronic autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks the protective covering of nerves in the brain and spinal cord. Dimethyl fumarate helps to reduce inflammation and prevent further damage to the nerves, thus decreasing the frequency of MS relapses and slowing the progression of disability associated with the disease.

How should this medicine be used?

Dimethyl fumarate is typically administered orally in the form of capsules. The specific dosage and administration schedule can vary depending on individual factors such as the severity of the condition and the patient’s response to treatment. However, the general guidelines for using dimethyl fumarate are as follows:

• Dosage: Dimethyl fumarate is often started at a low dose and gradually increased over time to minimize potential side effects. The typical starting dose is 120 mg twice daily, and the maintenance dose is usually 240 mg twice daily.
• Administration: Dimethyl fumarate capsules should be taken orally with food to help reduce the risk of stomach upset. Swallow the capsules whole with water; do not crush, chew, or open them.
• Timing: It’s important to take dimethyl fumarate consistently at the same times each day to maintain steady levels of the medication in your bloodstream. This helps ensure optimal effectiveness.
• Follow-up: Your healthcare provider may periodically monitor your condition and adjust your dosage of dimethyl fumarate as needed based on your response to treatment and any side effects you may experience.
• Adherence: It’s crucial to take dimethyl fumarate exactly as prescribed by your healthcare provider. Do not stop taking the medication or change your dosage without consulting your doctor, even if you feel better.
• Storage: Store dimethyl fumarate capsules at room temperature away from moisture and heat. Keep the medication out of reach of children and pets.

Always follow the instructions provided by your healthcare provider or pharmacist when using dimethyl fumarate. If you have any questions or concerns about how to use this medication, don’t hesitate to consult with your healthcare provider for personalized guidance.

Other uses for Ergoloid Mesylates

As for other uses, dimethyl fumarate has been investigated for potential applications beyond multiple sclerosis treatment. Some studies suggest its potential in the treatment of other autoimmune diseases or conditions, such as psoriasis. However, these uses are not yet widely accepted, and further research is needed to establish their efficacy and safety.

What special precautions should I follow?

As for special precautions to consider when using dimethyl fumarate:

• Liver Function: Dimethyl fumarate may cause liver problems, including an increase in liver enzymes. Before starting treatment, your healthcare provider may perform liver function tests, and regular monitoring of liver function may be recommended during treatment.
• Allergic Reactions: Some individuals may experience allergic reactions to dimethyl fumarate, such as rash, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing. Seek immediate medical attention if you develop any signs of an allergic reaction.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: The safety of dimethyl fumarate during pregnancy and breastfeeding is not well-established. If you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding, discuss the potential risks and benefits of dimethyl fumarate with your healthcare provider before starting or continuing treatment.
• Immunosuppression: Dimethyl fumarate may suppress the immune system, which could increase the risk of infections. Inform your healthcare provider if you develop any signs of infection while taking this medication.
• Other Medications: Tell your healthcare provider about all medications, supplements, and herbal products you are taking, as they may interact with dimethyl fumarate. This includes over-the-counter medications and prescription drugs.

It’s essential to follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and guidance regarding the use of dimethyl fumarate, and to report any unusual symptoms or side effects promptly.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

Special Dietary Instructions:

• Take with Food: Dimethyl fumarate should be taken with food to reduce the risk of stomach upset. Swallow the capsules whole with water; do not crush, chew, or open them.
• Avoid Alcohol: Alcohol consumption may exacerbate liver-related side effects of dimethyl fumarate. It’s generally recommended to limit or avoid alcohol while taking this medication.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

If you forget to take a dose of dimethyl fumarate, take it as soon as you remember, unless it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one. If you have questions about what to do if you miss a dose, consult your healthcare provider or pharmacist for guidance.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Dimethyl fumarate, like any medication, can cause side effects. Some common side effects include:

• Gastrointestinal symptoms: These can include nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, and stomach pain. Taking dimethyl fumarate with food may help reduce these symptoms.
• Headache: Some people may experience headaches, especially when first starting treatment. These headaches often improve with continued use.
• Upper respiratory tract infections: Dimethyl fumarate may increase the risk of upper respiratory infections such as the common cold.
• Liver enzyme elevations: Dimethyl fumarate may cause increases in liver enzyme levels, which can be detected through blood tests. Regular monitoring of liver function may be recommended during treatment.
• Lymphopenia: Dimethyl fumarate can decrease the number of lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell) in the blood, which may increase the risk of infections. Monitoring of blood cell counts may be necessary.
• Allergic reactions: Some individuals may experience allergic reactions to dimethyl fumarate, which can include rash, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing. Seek medical attention if you experience signs of an allergic reaction.
• Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML): Although rare, PML is a serious brain infection that has been reported in patients receiving dimethyl fumarate and other medications that suppress the immune system. Symptoms of PML may include progressive weakness on one side of the body, clumsiness, vision problems, and changes in thinking or memory.
• Flushing (redness and warmth): This is one of the most common side effects, particularly during the first month of treatment. It usually diminishes over time.

It’s important to discuss any concerns about potential side effects with your healthcare provider. They can provide guidance on managing side effects and may adjust your treatment regimen if necessary. Additionally, if you experience any severe or persistent side effects, contact your healthcare provider right away.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and Disposal:

• Store dimethyl fumarate capsules at room temperature, away from moisture and heat. Avoid storing them in the bathroom or kitchen where they might be exposed to humidity or temperature extremes.
• Keep dimethyl fumarate out of reach of children and pets. Store it in a secure location where they cannot access it.
• Do not use dimethyl fumarate if the packaging is damaged or if the capsules are discolored, crushed, or broken.
• If you no longer need dimethyl fumarate or it has expired, dispose of it properly according to local regulations or by following specific disposal instructions provided by your pharmacist or healthcare provider.

In case of emergency/overdose

• In case of an overdose of dimethyl fumarate, seek emergency medical attention or contact a poison control center immediately. An overdose of dimethyl fumarate may cause symptoms such as severe nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, dizziness, confusion, or unconsciousness.
• If possible, bring the medication container or packaging to the emergency room or healthcare provider to aid in treatment.

What other information should I know?

• Inform all healthcare providers involved in your care that you are taking dimethyl fumarate. This includes doctors, dentists, and pharmacists, as well as emergency medical personnel.
• Attend all scheduled appointments with your healthcare provider for monitoring of your condition and response to treatment. This may include regular blood tests to check liver function and blood cell counts.
• Do not share dimethyl fumarate with others, even if they have similar symptoms or conditions. It is prescribed specifically for you based on your medical history and needs.
• Keep a list of all medications you are taking, including prescription drugs, over-the-counter medications, supplements, and herbal products. Share this list with your healthcare provider to avoid potential interactions.
• Follow your healthcare provider’s instructions regarding any lifestyle modifications or precautions while taking dimethyl fumarate. This may include recommendations regarding diet, exercise, and avoiding certain activities or exposures.

If you have any questions or concerns about dimethyl fumarate or its use, don’t hesitate to reach out to your healthcare provider or pharmacist for guidance.