WARNING

Dihydroergotamine nasal spray is used to treat migraines, but like any medication, it carries potential risks. Some common risks associated with dihydroergotamine nasal spray include:

• Cardiovascular effects: Dihydroergotamine can cause vasoconstriction (narrowing of blood vessels), which may lead to increased blood pressure, heart rate, and even ischemia (reduced blood flow to tissues). This can be especially risky for individuals with pre-existing cardiovascular conditions.
• Medication interactions: Dihydroergotamine can interact with other medications, including certain antidepressants, antifungal medications, and protease inhibitors. These interactions can lead to serious side effects or reduce the effectiveness of either medication.
• Ergotism: Prolonged or excessive use of dihydroergotamine can lead to a condition called ergotism, characterized by symptoms such as numbness, tingling, cold extremities, and in severe cases, gangrene due to restricted blood flow.
• Central nervous system effects: Dihydroergotamine may cause dizziness, drowsiness, and confusion, which can impair cognitive and motor function. It’s important to avoid activities that require mental alertness, such as driving or operating heavy machinery, while using this medication.
• Pregnancy risks: Dihydroergotamine is not recommended during pregnancy as it may cause uterine contractions, which could lead to miscarriage or preterm labor. It should only be used during pregnancy if the potential benefits outweigh the risks and under the guidance of a healthcare provider.

It’s crucial to discuss any existing medical conditions and medications with a healthcare provider before starting dihydroergotamine nasal spray to minimize the risks and ensure its safe use.

Why is this medication prescribed?

Dihydroergotamine nasal spray is typically prescribed for the treatment of migraine headaches. It belongs to a class of medications called ergot alkaloids, which work by constricting blood vessels in the brain, thereby relieving migraine symptoms.

How should this medicine be used?

As for how it should be used:

• Dosage: The recommended dosage of dihydroergotamine nasal spray varies depending on the individual and the severity of their migraines. It’s typically administered as one spray (0.5 mg) into one nostril at the first sign of a migraine headache.
• Administration: Before using the nasal spray, gently blow your nose to clear the nasal passages. Then, insert the tip of the nasal spray into one nostril and firmly press the plunger to release the medication. Repeat the process for the other nostril if directed by your healthcare provider.
• Frequency: The nasal spray can be repeated after 15 minutes if migraine symptoms persist, up to a maximum of two doses (one dose per nostril) in a 24-hour period.
• Precautions: It’s important to follow the dosage instructions provided by your healthcare provider and not to exceed the recommended dosage. Using dihydroergotamine nasal spray too frequently or in excessive doses can increase the risk of adverse effects.
• Avoiding overuse: To prevent medication overuse headaches, it’s advisable not to use dihydroergotamine nasal spray for more than 10 days per month.
• Consultation: Always consult your healthcare provider before starting or stopping any medication, including dihydroergotamine nasal spray. They can provide personalized guidance based on your medical history and individual needs.

It’s crucial to use dihydroergotamine nasal spray exactly as prescribed by your healthcare provider to maximize its effectiveness and minimize the risk of side effects. If you have any questions or concerns about how to use the medication, don’t hesitate to reach out to your healthcare provider for clarification.

Other uses for this medicine

Dihydroergotamine nasal spray is primarily used for the treatment of migraine headaches, but it may also be prescribed for other conditions under the guidance of a healthcare provider. Some off-label uses may include cluster headaches and certain types of vascular headaches.

What special precautions should I follow?

Special precautions should be taken when using dihydroergotamine nasal spray to ensure safe and effective treatment:

• Allergies: Inform your healthcare provider if you have any allergies to dihydroergotamine or any other medications. This medication may contain inactive ingredients that can cause allergic reactions or other problems.
• Medical history: Provide a comprehensive medical history to your healthcare provider, especially regarding any cardiovascular conditions, high blood pressure, kidney or liver disease, or risk factors for stroke. Dihydroergotamine can affect blood circulation and may worsen certain medical conditions.
• Pregnancy and breastfeeding: Dihydroergotamine is not recommended during pregnancy unless the potential benefits outweigh the risks. It should also be avoided while breastfeeding, as it may pass into breast milk and harm the nursing infant.
• Drug interactions: Inform your healthcare provider about all the medications you are currently taking, including prescription drugs, over-the-counter medications, vitamins, and herbal supplements. Dihydroergotamine can interact with certain medications, including antidepressants, antifungal drugs, and protease inhibitors, potentially increasing the risk of side effects or reducing the effectiveness of either medication.
• Limitations on use: Dihydroergotamine nasal spray should not be used for longer than 10 days per month to prevent medication overuse headaches. Using it too frequently can lead to rebound headaches or other adverse effects.
• Avoid driving or operating machinery: Dihydroergotamine may cause dizziness, drowsiness, or other central nervous system effects that can impair your ability to perform tasks requiring mental alertness. Avoid driving or operating machinery until you know how the medication affects you.
• Storage: Store dihydroergotamine nasal spray at room temperature, away from moisture and heat. Keep it out of the reach of children.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and guidance for using dihydroergotamine nasal spray to ensure safe and effective treatment while minimizing the risk of adverse effects. If you have any concerns or questions about its use, don’t hesitate to consult your healthcare provider.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

Regarding special dietary instructions, there are no specific dietary restrictions associated with dihydroergotamine nasal spray. However, it’s essential to maintain a healthy diet and stay hydrated, especially during migraine attacks, to support overall well-being and possibly alleviate symptoms.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

If you forget to take a dose of dihydroergotamine nasal spray, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one. If you have any concerns or questions about missed doses, consult your healthcare provider for guidance.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Dihydroergotamine nasal spray, like any medication, can cause side effects, although not everyone will experience them. Some common side effects of dihydroergotamine nasal spray may include:

• Nasal irritation: This can include discomfort, burning sensation, or irritation in the nose after using the nasal spray.
• Nausea and vomiting: Some individuals may experience gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea and vomiting.
• Dizziness: Dihydroergotamine can cause dizziness or lightheadedness, especially when standing up quickly. This may increase the risk of falls, particularly in older adults.
• Headache: Paradoxically, some individuals may experience headache as a side effect of dihydroergotamine nasal spray.
• Nasal congestion or runny nose: These symptoms may occur as a result of using the nasal spray.
• Flushing: Some people may experience flushing or reddening of the skin, particularly on the face and neck.
• Fatigue: Dihydroergotamine may cause feelings of tiredness or fatigue.
• Muscle pain or cramps: Some individuals may experience muscle pain or cramps as a side effect of the medication.
• Increased blood pressure: Dihydroergotamine can cause an increase in blood pressure, which may be problematic for individuals with hypertension or cardiovascular disease.
• Rare but serious side effects: In rare cases, dihydroergotamine may cause more serious side effects such as chest pain, rapid or irregular heartbeat, shortness of breath, signs of a stroke (such as sudden severe headache, confusion, vision changes, or weakness on one side of the body), or signs of a serious allergic reaction (such as rash, itching/swelling, severe dizziness, or trouble breathing).

It’s essential to report any side effects to your healthcare provider, especially if they are severe, persistent, or concerning. Your healthcare provider can offer guidance on managing side effects and determine whether any adjustments to your treatment plan are necessary. Additionally, if you experience any signs of a serious allergic reaction or other potentially life-threatening side effects, seek immediate medical attention.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and Disposal:

• Storage: Store dihydroergotamine nasal spray at room temperature away from light and moisture. Avoid storing it in the bathroom or kitchen where moisture levels may be high. Keep it out of reach of children and pets.
• Do not freeze: Do not freeze the nasal spray, as this can affect its effectiveness.
• Disposal: Dispose of unused or expired dihydroergotamine nasal spray properly according to local regulations or guidelines. Do not flush it down the toilet or pour it down the drain unless instructed to do so. Consult with your pharmacist or healthcare provider on the best way to dispose of the medication.

In case of emergency/overdose

• Seek medical attention: If you suspect an overdose of dihydroergotamine nasal spray or if someone has accidentally ingested it, seek immediate medical attention or contact a poison control center (in the United States, call 1-800-222-1222) for guidance.
• Symptoms of overdose: Symptoms of overdose may include severe dizziness, confusion, hallucinations, severe vomiting, seizures, difficulty breathing, or loss of consciousness.

What other information should I know?

• Regular follow-ups: Attend regular follow-up appointments with your healthcare provider to monitor your response to dihydroergotamine nasal spray and adjust your treatment plan as needed.
• Medication adherence: Take dihydroergotamine nasal spray exactly as prescribed by your healthcare provider. Do not increase or decrease the dosage without consulting your doctor.
• Avoid alcohol: Avoid consuming alcohol while using dihydroergotamine nasal spray, as it may worsen side effects such as dizziness or drowsiness.
• Inform healthcare providers: Inform all healthcare providers involved in your care (including dentists and pharmacists) that you are using dihydroergotamine nasal spray, as it may interact with other medications or treatments.
• Keep a record: Keep a record of your migraine attacks, including the frequency, severity, and response to treatment with dihydroergotamine nasal spray. This information can help your healthcare provider tailor your treatment plan more effectively.
• Travel considerations: If you plan to travel, ensure you have an adequate supply of dihydroergotamine nasal spray and carry it with you in your carry-on luggage. Keep it in its original packaging with the prescription label intact.

Always consult your healthcare provider or pharmacist if you have any questions or concerns about the storage, disposal, administration, or potential side effects of dihydroergotamine nasal spray.