WARNING

Diclofenac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) commonly used to relieve pain and inflammation. While it’s effective for many people, it’s not without risks. Some of the potential risks associated with taking diclofenac include:

• Gastrointestinal issues: NSAIDs like diclofenac can increase the risk of stomach ulcers, bleeding, and other gastrointestinal problems, especially with long-term use or in higher doses.
• Cardiovascular risks: There’s evidence linking diclofenac to an increased risk of heart attack and stroke, particularly in people with preexisting cardiovascular conditions.
• Kidney problems: Long-term use of diclofenac can lead to kidney damage or worsening of existing kidney problems, especially in people with reduced kidney function.
• Liver damage: Rarely, diclofenac can cause liver damage, particularly with long-term use or in high doses.
• Allergic reactions: Some people may be allergic to diclofenac, experiencing symptoms such as rash, hives, swelling, or difficulty breathing.
• Interaction with other medications: Diclofenac can interact with other medications, potentially increasing the risk of side effects or reducing their effectiveness.

It’s essential to use diclofenac under the guidance of a healthcare professional, following the prescribed dosage and duration to minimize the risk of these complications. Additionally, it’s crucial to be aware of any potential symptoms of adverse reactions and seek medical attention if they occur.

Why is this medication prescribed?

Diclofenac is prescribed to relieve pain and reduce inflammation caused by various conditions, including:

• Arthritis: Diclofenac is commonly used to treat osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis, helping to alleviate joint pain, stiffness, and swelling.
• Acute pain: It can be prescribed for short-term relief of pain due to conditions such as menstrual cramps, dental pain, headaches, or minor injuries.
• Chronic pain: Diclofenac may also be used for chronic pain management, such as in conditions like chronic back pain or chronic migraine.

How should this medicine be used?

As for how diclofenac should be used, it’s essential to follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and the directions on the prescription label carefully. Here are some general guidelines:

• Dosage: The dosage of diclofenac varies depending on the condition being treated, the severity of symptoms, and other factors such as age and overall health. It’s typically taken orally in the form of tablets or capsules, although there are also topical formulations available for certain conditions.
• Timing: Diclofenac is usually taken with food or milk to help minimize the risk of stomach upset. Follow the prescribed dosing schedule, and do not take more than the recommended dose or use it for longer than prescribed without consulting your healthcare provider.
• Avoid alcohol: Drinking alcohol while taking diclofenac can increase the risk of stomach irritation and other side effects. It’s best to avoid alcohol or limit its consumption while using this medication.
• Topical application: If using diclofenac gel or cream, apply it to the affected area as directed, usually up to four times a day. Wash your hands thoroughly after applying the medication and avoid getting it in your eyes, nose, or mouth.
• Monitoring: While taking diclofenac, monitor for any signs of adverse reactions, such as stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, black or bloody stools, chest pain, shortness of breath, swelling, or skin rash. If you experience any concerning symptoms, contact your healthcare provider promptly.

It’s crucial to use diclofenac as prescribed and not to exceed the recommended dosage or duration of treatment to minimize the risk of side effects and complications.

Other uses for this medicine

Other uses for diclofenac may include:

• Treatment of migraines
• Relief of postoperative pain
• Management of acute gout attacks
• Topical treatment for actinic keratosis (a skin condition)

What special precautions should I follow?

As for special precautions when using diclofenac, it’s important to be aware of the following:

• Gastrointestinal effects: Diclofenac can increase the risk of stomach ulcers, bleeding, and other gastrointestinal problems. To minimize this risk, it’s usually recommended to take diclofenac with food or milk and avoid alcohol consumption.
• Cardiovascular risks: Long-term use of diclofenac, especially in high doses, may increase the risk of heart attack and stroke. This risk may be higher in people with preexisting cardiovascular conditions or those taking other medications that affect cardiovascular health.
• Kidney function: Diclofenac can cause kidney damage, especially with long-term use or in people with reduced kidney function. Regular monitoring of kidney function may be necessary during diclofenac therapy.
• Liver function: Rarely, diclofenac can cause liver damage. It’s essential to monitor liver function tests periodically, especially in people with preexisting liver conditions or those taking other medications that affect liver function.
• Allergic reactions: Some individuals may be allergic to diclofenac, experiencing symptoms such as rash, hives, swelling, or difficulty breathing. Seek medical attention immediately if you experience any signs of an allergic reaction.
• Interaction with other medications: Diclofenac can interact with other medications, including blood thinners, diuretics, and certain antidepressants. Inform your healthcare provider about all medications you’re taking to avoid potential interactions.
• Pregnancy and breastfeeding: Diclofenac should be used with caution during pregnancy, especially in the third trimester, as it may harm the unborn baby. It may also pass into breast milk and could harm a nursing infant, so consult your healthcare provider before using diclofenac while breastfeeding.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and discuss any concerns or questions you have about diclofenac therapy.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

• Avoid alcohol: Alcohol can increase the risk of stomach irritation and other gastrointestinal problems, so it’s best to avoid or limit alcohol consumption while taking diclofenac.
• Stay hydrated: Drink plenty of water to help reduce the risk of kidney problems, especially if you’re taking diclofenac for an extended period.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

If you forget to take a dose of diclofenac, take it as soon as you remember, unless it’s almost time for your next dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Diclofenac, like any medication, can cause side effects. Some of the common side effects of diclofenac include:

• Gastrointestinal effects: These can include stomach pain, heartburn, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, and bloating. Long-term use or higher doses of diclofenac may increase the risk of stomach ulcers, bleeding, and other gastrointestinal complications.
• Cardiovascular effects: Diclofenac may increase the risk of heart attack, stroke, or other cardiovascular events, particularly with long-term use or in people with preexisting heart disease or risk factors.
• Kidney problems: Diclofenac can cause or worsen kidney problems, leading to symptoms such as decreased urine output, swelling in the ankles or feet, or difficulty breathing.
• Liver damage: Rarely, diclofenac can cause liver damage, which may manifest as symptoms such as jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes), dark urine, or persistent fatigue.
• Allergic reactions: Some individuals may be allergic to diclofenac, experiencing symptoms such as rash, hives, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing.
• Skin reactions: Diclofenac can sometimes cause skin reactions, such as rash, itching, blistering, or peeling.
• Central nervous system effects: Diclofenac may cause headache, dizziness, drowsiness, or nervousness in some people.
• Vision changes: Some individuals may experience changes in vision while taking diclofenac, such as blurred vision or sensitivity to light.
• Blood disorders: Rarely, diclofenac can affect blood cell production, leading to symptoms such as easy bruising, unusual bleeding, or signs of infection.

It’s essential to be aware of these potential side effects and to seek medical attention if you experience any concerning symptoms while taking diclofenac. Additionally, inform your healthcare provider of any side effects you experience, as they can provide guidance on managing them and may need to adjust your treatment regimen if necessary.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and disposal of Diclofenac:

• Storage: Store diclofenac at room temperature away from moisture and heat. Keep it out of reach of children and pets. Avoid storing it in the bathroom or kitchen, where moisture levels may be high.
• Disposal: Dispose of unused or expired diclofenac properly according to local regulations. Do not flush it down the toilet or pour it down the drain unless instructed to do so. Instead, consult with your pharmacist or local waste disposal facility for guidance on proper disposal methods.

In case of emergency/overdose

• Emergency assistance: If you suspect an overdose of diclofenac or experience severe symptoms such as difficulty breathing, loss of consciousness, or seizures, seek immediate medical attention or call your local emergency services.
• Poison control: If you have concerns about a potential overdose but are not experiencing severe symptoms, contact your local poison control center or healthcare provider for guidance.

What other information should I know?

• Regular check-ups: Your healthcare provider may periodically monitor your condition and response to diclofenac therapy through physical examinations, blood tests, or other assessments. Attend regular check-ups as recommended to ensure the medication is working effectively and to monitor for any potential side effects or complications.
• Avoid combination with other NSAIDs: Avoid taking diclofenac with other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) unless specifically instructed by your healthcare provider, as this may increase the risk of side effects and complications.
• Inform healthcare providers: Inform all healthcare providers involved in your care, including doctors, dentists, and pharmacists, about all medications you’re taking, including prescription drugs, over-the-counter medications, herbal supplements, and vitamins. This can help prevent potential drug interactions and ensure safe and effective treatment.
• Limit alcohol consumption: Limit alcohol consumption while taking diclofenac, as alcohol can increase the risk of stomach irritation and other gastrointestinal problems.
• Avoid prolonged sun exposure: If using diclofenac gel or cream, avoid prolonged sun exposure to the treated areas, as this may increase the risk of sunburn or skin irritation.
• Pregnancy and breastfeeding: Inform your healthcare provider if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding, as diclofenac may not be suitable for use during pregnancy or breastfeeding due to potential risks to the fetus or nursing infant.

Following these guidelines can help ensure safe and effective use of diclofenac and minimize the risk of adverse effects or complications.