WARNING

Dextroamphetamine and Amphetamine are stimulant medications primarily used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy. While they can be effective for managing these conditions, there are potential risks associated with their use.

• Addiction and Dependence: Both dextroamphetamine and amphetamine have a high potential for abuse and addiction, especially when taken in higher doses or for non-medical reasons. Prolonged use can lead to dependence, where the body becomes reliant on the drug to function normally.
• Cardiovascular Effects: Stimulants like dextroamphetamine and amphetamine can increase heart rate and blood pressure. This can be dangerous for individuals with pre-existing cardiovascular conditions, as it may exacerbate these issues and increase the risk of heart attack or stroke.
• Psychiatric Effects: Stimulants can worsen symptoms of certain psychiatric disorders, such as anxiety, bipolar disorder, or psychotic disorders. They may also induce manic episodes in individuals with bipolar disorder.
• Sleep Disturbances: Dextroamphetamine and amphetamine are stimulants, so they can disrupt normal sleep patterns, leading to insomnia or other sleep disturbances. This effect can be particularly problematic for individuals with narcolepsy, as it may interfere with their ability to manage excessive daytime sleepiness.
• Growth Suppression: In children and adolescents, long-term use of stimulant medications like dextroamphetamine and amphetamine may slow growth or weight gain. Regular monitoring of height and weight is typically recommended during treatment.
• Other Side Effects: Common side effects of dextroamphetamine and amphetamine include loss of appetite, dry mouth, headaches, and irritability. Some individuals may also experience more serious side effects such as hallucinations, seizures, or allergic reactions.

It’s important for individuals prescribed these medications to be closely monitored by a healthcare provider to minimize these risks and ensure that the benefits of treatment outweigh the potential drawbacks. Additionally, proper dosage and adherence to prescribing guidelines can help reduce the likelihood of adverse effects.

Why is this medication prescribed?

Dextroamphetamine and Amphetamine are commonly prescribed medications used primarily to treat two conditions:

• Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): These medications are often prescribed to individuals with ADHD to help improve focus, attention span, impulse control, and hyperactivity. They work by increasing the levels of certain neurotransmitters in the brain, namely dopamine and norepinephrine, which are involved in regulating attention and behavior.
• Narcolepsy: Dextroamphetamine and Amphetamine are also used to treat narcolepsy, a neurological disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness and sudden episodes of falling asleep during the day. These medications can help individuals with narcolepsy stay awake and alert during the day by stimulating the central nervous system.

How should this medicine be used?

When prescribed, Dextroamphetamine and Amphetamine should be used exactly as directed by a healthcare provider. Here are some general guidelines for their use:

• Dosage: The dosage of these medications varies depending on factors such as the individual’s age, weight, medical condition, and response to treatment. It’s important to follow the dosage instructions provided by the prescribing healthcare provider carefully.
• Timing: Dextroamphetamine and Amphetamine are typically taken orally, usually once or twice daily, with or without food. The last dose of the day is usually taken in the late afternoon or early evening to minimize sleep disturbances.
• Avoiding Misuse: These medications should only be used by the person for whom they are prescribed. They should not be shared with others, as misuse or unauthorized use can lead to serious health risks, including addiction and overdose.
• Regular Monitoring: Healthcare providers may periodically adjust the dosage of Dextroamphetamine and Amphetamine based on the individual’s response to treatment and any side effects experienced. Regular follow-up appointments are important to monitor progress and ensure safe and effective use of the medication.
• Abrupt Discontinuation: It’s important not to abruptly stop taking Dextroamphetamine and Amphetamine without consulting a healthcare provider. Sudden discontinuation can lead to withdrawal symptoms and a rebound effect, where symptoms of ADHD or narcolepsy may worsen.

Overall, Dextroamphetamine and Amphetamine can be effective treatments for ADHD and narcolepsy when used appropriately under the guidance of a healthcare provider. It’s important for individuals prescribed these medications to communicate openly with their healthcare team about any concerns or side effects experienced during treatment.

Other uses for this medicine

Some potential off-label uses could include:

• Treatment-Resistant Depression: In some cases, stimulants like Dextroamphetamine and Amphetamine may be prescribed off-label for depression that hasn’t responded well to other treatments. However, this is less common and typically reserved for cases where other options have failed.
• Weight Loss: Due to their appetite-suppressing effects, stimulants have been used off-label for short-term weight loss. However, this practice is controversial and not recommended due to the potential for abuse, dependence, and serious side effects.

What special precautions should I follow?

As for special precautions to follow when using Dextroamphetamine and Amphetamine, here are some important considerations:

• Medical History: Before starting treatment, inform your healthcare provider about any pre-existing medical conditions, especially cardiovascular problems, high blood pressure, seizures, mental health disorders, or a history of substance abuse.
• Medication Interactions: These medications can interact with certain drugs, including monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), antidepressants, antihypertensive medications, and others. Make sure your healthcare provider is aware of all medications, supplements, and herbal products you are taking to avoid potentially harmful interactions.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Dextroamphetamine and Amphetamine should be used with caution during pregnancy and breastfeeding. It’s essential to discuss the potential risks and benefits with a healthcare provider before using these medications if you are pregnant or nursing.
• Driving and Operating Machinery: These medications may cause dizziness, blurred vision, or impair judgment and coordination. Avoid driving, operating machinery, or engaging in activities that require alertness until you know how these medications affect you.
• Regular Monitoring: Healthcare providers typically monitor individuals using Dextroamphetamine and Amphetamine regularly to assess their response to treatment, monitor for side effects, and adjust the dosage as needed.
• Misuse and Dependence: Use these medications exactly as prescribed by your healthcare provider to minimize the risk of misuse, addiction, and dependence. Never share your medication with others, and store it securely away from unauthorized use.

By following these precautions and working closely with a healthcare provider, individuals can safely and effectively use Dextroamphetamine and Amphetamine to manage their condition.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

There are no specific dietary instructions for Dextroamphetamine and Amphetamine. However, maintaining a healthy diet can support overall well-being and may help mitigate potential side effects such as decreased appetite. Ensure you stay hydrated and consume regular, balanced meals.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember, unless it’s close to the time of your next scheduled dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Dextroamphetamine and Amphetamine, like any medication, can cause side effects. Common side effects include:

• Insomnia: Difficulty falling or staying asleep.
• Loss of Appetite: Decreased desire to eat, which can lead to weight loss.
• Dry Mouth: Feeling thirsty due to reduced saliva production.
• Headache: Mild to moderate head discomfort.
• Nervousness or Anxiety: Feeling jittery, restless, or on edge.
• Nausea: Feeling sick to the stomach, sometimes leading to vomiting.
• Dizziness: Feeling lightheaded or unsteady.
• Irritability or Agitation: Easily becoming annoyed or frustrated.
• Increased Heart Rate: Feeling a rapid or pounding heartbeat.
• High Blood Pressure: Elevated blood pressure, especially in individuals with pre-existing hypertension.
• Sweating: Increased perspiration, sometimes profuse.
• Tremors: Shaking or trembling, especially in the hands.

Less common but more serious side effects may include:

• Psychiatric Effects: Aggressive behavior, hallucinations, paranoia, or manic episodes (especially in individuals with a history of mental health disorders like bipolar disorder or psychosis).
• Cardiovascular Effects: Chest pain, palpitations, shortness of breath, or fainting.
• Seizures: Rarely, Dextroamphetamine and Amphetamine can trigger seizures, particularly in individuals with a history of epilepsy or seizures.
• Allergic Reactions: Rash, itching, swelling (especially of the face, tongue, or throat), severe dizziness, or trouble breathing. Allergic reactions are rare but require immediate medical attention.
• Priapism: A prolonged and painful erection (in males), which requires urgent medical attention to prevent tissue damage.

It’s important to note that not everyone will experience these side effects, and some individuals may experience different or additional side effects. Additionally, side effects may vary in severity from person to person. If you experience any concerning or severe side effects while taking Dextroamphetamine and Amphetamine, contact your healthcare provider promptly for further guidance.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Here’s what you should know about the storage and disposal of Dextroamphetamine and Amphetamine:

Storage:

• Keep Dextroamphetamine and Amphetamine in a secure location out of reach of children and pets.
• Store the medication at room temperature, away from moisture and heat.
• Avoid storing the medication in the bathroom, as humidity can affect its stability.
• Keep track of the expiration date and dispose of any expired medication appropriately.

Disposal:

• Dispose of unused or expired Dextroamphetamine and Amphetamine properly to prevent misuse or accidental ingestion.
• Follow any specific disposal instructions provided by your healthcare provider or pharmacist.
• Do not flush the medication down the toilet unless instructed to do so by the disposal instructions or local guidelines.
• Consider utilizing drug take-back programs or community disposal sites for safe and environmentally friendly disposal.

In case of emergency/overdose

• If you suspect an overdose of Dextroamphetamine and Amphetamine, call emergency services (such as 911 in the United States) immediately.
• Symptoms of overdose may include severe restlessness, confusion, hallucinations, panic, aggressiveness, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, rapid breathing, tremors, and seizures.
• While waiting for emergency services, provide supportive care, such as ensuring a safe environment and maintaining vital signs.

What other information should I know?

• Inform all healthcare providers involved in your care about your use of Dextroamphetamine and Amphetamine, including dentists and specialists.
• Attend all follow-up appointments as scheduled to monitor your response to treatment and adjust your medication regimen if necessary.
• Avoid alcohol and illicit substances while taking Dextroamphetamine and Amphetamine, as they can increase the risk of side effects and complications.
• Be aware of the potential for misuse, addiction, and dependence associated with these medications, and use them only as prescribed by your healthcare provider.

By following these guidelines and being informed about proper storage, disposal, and emergency procedures, you can safely and effectively manage your treatment with Dextroamphetamine and Amphetamine.