Why is this medication prescribed?

Comtan (generic entacapone) is prescribed primarily to manage symptoms of Parkinson’s disease. It works by inhibiting an enzyme called catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), which breaks down dopamine in the brain. By doing so, it helps increase and prolong the effects of levodopa, a common medication used in Parkinson’s disease treatment. This can help improve motor symptoms and reduce “off” time (periods when Parkinson’s symptoms return).

How should this medicine be used?

Here’s how to use Comtan (entacapone):

• Dosage: Comtan is usually taken with levodopa/carbidopa (such as Sinemet). The typical dose is one 200 mg tablet of Comtan with each dose of levodopa/carbidopa. However, the specific dosage and frequency should be determined by your healthcare provider.
• Administration: Take Comtan exactly as prescribed by your doctor. It is usually taken orally with or without food, but maintaining a consistent routine is important for effectiveness.
• Monitoring: Regular follow-ups with your doctor are necessary to monitor your response to the medication and check for any potential side effects, including liver function.
• Interactions: Inform your healthcare provider of all other medications and supplements you’re taking, as Comtan can interact with various drugs.
• Side Effects: Report any adverse effects, such as severe diarrhea, unusual movements, or signs of liver problems, to your doctor immediately.

Following your doctor’s guidelines and attending regular check-ups are key to using Comtan effectively and safely.

Other uses for this medicine

• Primarily for Parkinson’s Disease: Comtan is mainly used to enhance the effectiveness of levodopa/carbidopa in treating Parkinson’s disease symptoms. It is not typically prescribed for other conditions.

What special precautions should I follow?

Special Precautions to Follow:

• Liver Function: Comtan can cause liver damage. Regular liver function tests are essential, and you should report any symptoms of liver issues, such as jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes), dark urine, or persistent nausea and vomiting.
• Medication Interactions: Inform your doctor of all other medications and supplements you are taking. Comtan can interact with other drugs, potentially altering its effectiveness or increasing the risk of side effects.
• Dyskinesia: Be aware that Comtan can sometimes increase involuntary movements (dyskinesia). If you notice these symptoms worsening, inform your doctor.
• Diarrhea: Comtan can cause severe diarrhea, which can lead to dehydration and other complications. Maintain good hydration, and seek medical advice if diarrhea becomes severe or persistent.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: If you are pregnant, plan to become pregnant, or are breastfeeding, discuss the risks and benefits of Comtan with your doctor. Its safety during pregnancy and breastfeeding is not well-established.
• Kidney Function: If you have kidney problems, inform your doctor, as this may affect how Comtan is processed in your body.
• Allergies: If you have a history of allergic reactions to entacapone or any other component of the medication, let your healthcare provider know.
• Dosage and Administration: Follow your prescribed dosage carefully. Do not adjust your dose or stop taking the medication without consulting your healthcare provider.

Always adhere to your doctor’s advice and attend regular check-ups to manage your treatment effectively and address any concerns that arise.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

• Consistent Diet: While there are no specific dietary restrictions with Comtan, maintaining a balanced and consistent diet can help manage side effects like nausea and diarrhea.
• Hydration: Ensure adequate fluid intake to prevent dehydration, especially if experiencing diarrhea.
• Alcohol: Limit alcohol consumption as it can exacerbate side effects or interact with medications.
• Grapefruit: There is no specific interaction between Comtan and grapefruit, but it’s always good to consult your healthcare provider about your diet.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

• Timing: If you remember within a few hours of your missed dose, take it as soon as you can.
• Skip and Continue: If it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose. Do not double up on doses to make up for a missed one.
• Consult Your Doctor: If you miss multiple doses or are unsure how to handle a missed dose, contact your healthcare provider for guidance.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Comtan (entacapone) can cause a range of side effects. While some are common and may be manageable, others can be more serious. Here’s a summary of potential side effects:

Common Side Effects:

• Diarrhea: One of the most frequent side effects, which can sometimes be severe.
• Nausea: Gastrointestinal discomfort may occur.
• Abdominal Pain: Some people may experience stomach aches or discomfort.
• Dizziness: Feelings of light-headedness or vertigo may happen.
• Vivid Dreams: Unusual or vivid dreaming is reported by some users.

Serious Side Effects:

• Liver Damage: Comtan can cause liver problems, which may be serious. Symptoms of liver damage include jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes), dark urine, and severe fatigue.
• Severe Diarrhea: Persistent or severe diarrhea can lead to dehydration and may require medical attention.
• Dyskinesia: Increased involuntary movements (dyskinesia) or worsening of pre-existing dyskinesia can occur.
• Allergic Reactions: Rare, but may include rash, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing.

Less Common but Noteworthy:

• Sleep Disturbances: Difficulty sleeping or insomnia may occur.
• Confusion: Some people might experience mental confusion or mood changes.

If you experience any severe or concerning symptoms, contact your healthcare provider immediately. Regular monitoring and communication with your healthcare provider are essential to managing side effects effectively.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and Disposal of Comtan:

Storage:

• Temperature: Store Comtan at room temperature, typically between 68°F to 77°F (20°C to 25°C).
• Container: Keep the medication in its original container, tightly closed, and away from moisture and light.
• Children and Pets: Keep Comtan out of reach of children and pets to prevent accidental ingestion.

Disposal:

• Unused Medication: Do not flush Comtan down the toilet or pour it into a drain. Instead, use a drug take-back program or disposal site, which many communities offer for safe medication disposal.
• Medication Disposal Programs: Many pharmacies and local waste disposal services provide medication take-back programs where you can return unused or expired medications.
• FDA Guidelines: Check the FDA’s guidelines for medication disposal if local options are not available.

In case of emergency/overdose

Symptoms of Overdose:

• Severe Diarrhea: Excessive or persistent diarrhea can lead to dehydration.
• Nausea and Vomiting: Severe gastrointestinal symptoms may indicate an overdose.
• Dyskinesia: Increased involuntary movements or exacerbation of symptoms.

Actions to Take:

• Contact Emergency Services: If you suspect an overdose or are experiencing severe symptoms, seek medical attention immediately. Call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency room.
• Poison Control: Contact your local poison control center for advice on what to do in case of an overdose. They can provide guidance specific to your situation.

What other information should I know?

• Regular Monitoring: Regular follow-up appointments with your healthcare provider are important to monitor your response to the medication and adjust the dosage if needed.
• Drug Interactions: Be aware of potential interactions with other medications. Inform your healthcare provider of all drugs, including over-the-counter medications and supplements you are taking.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Discuss the risks and benefits of taking Comtan if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding.
• Avoid Certain Activities: If Comtan causes dizziness or sleep disturbances, avoid activities that require full alertness, such as driving.
• Medical History: Provide your healthcare provider with your complete medical history, including any liver or kidney issues, to ensure Comtan is safe for you.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and consult them if you have any questions or concerns about your medication.