Why is this medication prescribed?

Colistimethate Injection is prescribed primarily for the treatment of serious infections caused by susceptible strains of certain bacteria, particularly in patients who have limited or no alternative treatment options. It is specifically effective against infections caused by multidrug-resistant strains of bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter species, and Klebsiella pneumoniae.

How should this medicine be used?

How Colistimethate Injection should be used:

• Administration: Colistimethate Injection is usually administered intravenously (into a vein) or intramuscularly (into a muscle).
• Dosage: The dosage and frequency of administration depend on the severity of the infection, the patient’s renal function, and other factors determined by the healthcare provider.
• Dilution: Before administration, Colistimethate Injection must be diluted appropriately according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Typically, it is diluted in sterile water for injection or another compatible diluent.
• Administration Duration: The injection is usually given over a period of 30 to 60 minutes to minimize the risk of kidney damage, which can occur with rapid infusion.
• Monitoring: Patients receiving Colistimethate Injection should be closely monitored for any signs of adverse effects, especially kidney function tests to ensure there are no signs of nephrotoxicity (kidney damage).
• Completion of Course: It is important to complete the full course of treatment as prescribed by the healthcare provider, even if symptoms improve before the course is completed.
• Storage: Store Colistimethate Injection as directed by the pharmacist or healthcare provider. Typically, it should be stored at controlled room temperature.

It’s crucial to follow the specific instructions provided by the healthcare provider or pharmacist regarding the preparation and administration of Colistimethate Injection to ensure its effectiveness and minimize the risk of adverse effects.

Other uses for this medicine

• Cystic Fibrosis: Colistimethate may be used in patients with cystic fibrosis who are infected with multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
• Ventilator-associated Pneumonia: It might be used in the treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria.
• Infections in Immunocompromised Patients: Colistimethate Injection can be considered for severe infections in immunocompromised patients when other treatment options are limited.

What special precautions should I follow?

Special Precautions for Colistimethate Injection:

• Kidney Function: Monitoring of kidney function is essential during treatment with Colistimethate Injection. Dose adjustments may be necessary in patients with impaired renal function to minimize the risk of nephrotoxicity (kidney damage).
• Neurotoxicity: Although rare, neurotoxicity (damage to the nervous system) has been reported with colistimethate. Patients should be monitored for signs such as numbness, tingling, muscle twitching, or dizziness.
• Allergic Reactions: Patients should be monitored for signs of allergic reactions, including rash, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing. Immediate medical attention is necessary if these symptoms occur.
• Use in Pregnancy and Lactation: Colistimethate should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed and under the supervision of a healthcare provider. It is unknown if colistimethate passes into breast milk; therefore, caution is advised when used in breastfeeding mothers.
• Superinfection: Prolonged use of antibiotics like colistimethate may result in overgrowth of non-susceptible organisms, including fungi. Appropriate measures should be taken if a superinfection occurs.
• Drug Interactions: Inform your healthcare provider about all medications, supplements, and herbal products you are taking before starting colistimethate treatment. Certain medications may interact with colistimethate, affecting its effectiveness or increasing the risk of side effects.
• Preparation and Administration: Colistimethate Injection must be prepared and administered according to specific guidelines to ensure proper dilution and administration. Incorrect preparation or administration can lead to adverse effects.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and advice regarding the use of Colistimethate Injection, including dosage, administration, and precautions, to ensure safe and effective treatment.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

There are no specific dietary restrictions associated with Colistimethate Injection. However, maintaining adequate hydration is important, especially during intravenous administration, to support kidney function and minimize the risk of nephrotoxicity. Your healthcare provider may recommend increasing fluid intake while receiving this medication.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

If you miss a dose of Colistimethate Injection, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double up on doses to make up for a missed one.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Colistimethate Injection, like any medication, can cause side effects. Not everyone will experience these side effects, and their severity can vary. Common and serious side effects associated with Colistimethate Injection include:

Common Side Effects:

• Nausea and vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Pain or irritation at the injection site (for intramuscular injections)

Serious Side Effects (Seek Immediate Medical Attention):

• Allergic reactions: Symptoms may include rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, or trouble breathing.
• Severe gastrointestinal effects: Such as severe diarrhea, which may indicate a serious intestinal condition (pseudomembranous colitis) caused by resistant bacteria.
• Severe kidney problems: Signs include change in the amount of urine.
• Neurological effects: Symptoms may include confusion, hallucinations, difficulty walking, or muscle weakness.
• Respiratory problems: Rarely, breathing difficulty or wheezing.
• Blood disorders: Rarely, decreased white blood cell count or other blood disorders.
• Liver problems: Rarely, abnormal liver function tests.
• Kidney toxicity (nephrotoxicity): This can manifest as increased creatinine levels, decreased urine output, or acute kidney injury.
• Neurotoxicity: Symptoms may include dizziness, confusion, numbness or tingling, muscle twitching, or seizures.

Other Considerations:

• Long-term or repeated use of Colistimethate Injection may increase the risk of these and other side effects.
• If you experience any persistent or severe side effects, or if you notice any other effects not listed above, promptly inform your healthcare provider.

It’s important to note that the above list is not exhaustive, and there may be other side effects associated with Colistimethate Injection. Always discuss any concerns with your healthcare provider, especially if you have pre-existing medical conditions or are taking other medications, as they can affect how you respond to Colistimethate.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and Disposal of Colistimethate Injection:

• Storage: Colistimethate Injection should be stored at room temperature (20-25°C or 68-77°F). Protect from light and excessive heat. Keep the vials in the outer carton until ready for use to protect from light.
• Handling: Follow specific instructions provided by your healthcare provider or pharmacist regarding the preparation and handling of Colistimethate Injection. Ensure proper aseptic technique when preparing and administering the medication to minimize the risk of contamination.
• Disposal: Dispose of used vials, needles, and syringes in an appropriate sharps container according to local regulations. Do not dispose of medications in wastewater (e.g., down the sink or toilet) unless instructed to do so. Proper disposal helps prevent environmental contamination and accidental exposure.

In case of emergency/overdose

In case of an overdose or if you suspect you or someone else has received too much Colistimethate Injection, seek emergency medical attention immediately. Overdose symptoms may include severe dizziness, difficulty breathing, or seizures. Be prepared to provide information about the dose received and the timing of administration.

What other information should I know?

• Effectiveness: Colistimethate Injection is effective against certain bacterial infections, particularly those caused by multidrug-resistant strains. It is important to complete the full course of treatment as prescribed by your healthcare provider, even if symptoms improve before the treatment is finished.
• Follow-up: Regular follow-up appointments with your healthcare provider are important during and after treatment with Colistimethate Injection to monitor for effectiveness and any potential side effects.
• Allergies: Inform your healthcare provider of any known allergies to antibiotics or other medications before starting Colistimethate Injection.
• Laboratory Tests: Your healthcare provider may perform periodic laboratory tests (e.g., kidney function tests) to monitor your response to Colistimethate Injection and detect any adverse effects early.
• Medical Alert: Carry a medical alert card or wear a medical alert bracelet to inform healthcare providers about your treatment with Colistimethate Injection in case of emergency.
• Consultation: If you have any questions or concerns about Colistimethate Injection, including its use, side effects, or storage, discuss them with your healthcare provider or pharmacist.

Following these guidelines and staying informed about the medication will help ensure safe and effective use of Colistimethate Injection in treating bacterial infections.