Why is this medication prescribed?

Cholac (lactulose) is prescribed primarily for the treatment of constipation. It works by drawing water into the bowel, softening stools and making them easier to pass. Additionally, lactulose can be used to treat hepatic encephalopathy, a complication of liver disease, by reducing the production of ammonia in the intestine.

How should this medicine be used?

Here’s how Cholac is generally used:

• Dosage: The dosage of Cholac varies depending on the severity of constipation and individual response to the medication. It is typically taken once daily, but your doctor may adjust the dosage based on your condition.
• Administration: Cholac is usually taken orally. It can be taken with or without food. The medication may come in liquid form, which should be measured using the provided dosing cup or spoon.
• Hydration: It is important to drink plenty of fluids while taking Cholac to help soften the stool and facilitate its passage through the digestive system.
• Duration: Follow your doctor’s instructions regarding the duration of treatment. Cholac is often used for short-term relief of constipation, but in some cases, it may be used longer term.
• Consistency: Take Cholac regularly at the same time each day to maintain consistent bowel function.
• Response time: It may take up to 48 hours for Cholac to produce a bowel movement. If you do not see results within a few days of starting treatment, consult your doctor.
• Special considerations: If you miss a dose of Cholac, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double dose to make up for a missed one.

Always follow your doctor’s instructions and read the medication label carefully. If you have any questions or concerns about how to use Cholac, consult your healthcare provider for guidance.

Other uses for this medicine

• Hepatic Encephalopathy: Cholac is sometimes used to manage hepatic encephalopathy, a complication of liver disease where toxins build up in the blood and affect brain function. Lactulose helps reduce ammonia levels in the blood by promoting its excretion through the stool.
• Prevention of Portal Systemic Encephalopathy: It can be used to prevent portal systemic encephalopathy in patients with portal hypertension and a history of hepatic encephalopathy.

What special precautions should I follow?

When using Cholac, it’s important to consider the following precautions:

• Allergies: Inform your doctor if you have any allergies to lactulose or any other substances. Cholac may contain inactive ingredients that can cause allergic reactions or other problems.
• Diabetes: Cholac contains sugars and may affect blood glucose levels. Monitor your blood sugar levels closely if you have diabetes and are taking Cholac.
• Electrolyte Imbalance: Prolonged use of Cholac can lead to electrolyte imbalances, especially in individuals with renal impairment or those on a low-sodium diet. Monitoring of electrolytes may be necessary.
• Intestinal Disorders: Use with caution in patients with intestinal obstruction or perforation, as Cholac may worsen these conditions.
• Dehydration: Ensure adequate fluid intake while taking Cholac to prevent dehydration, especially in elderly patients or those prone to dehydration.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: There is limited information on the use of Cholac during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Consult your doctor before using this medication if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding.
• Pediatric Use: Cholac may be used in children, but the dosage should be adjusted according to their age and weight. Consult a healthcare provider for appropriate dosing.
• Drug Interactions: Inform your doctor about all medications, vitamins, and supplements you are taking, as Cholac may interact with certain drugs.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and advice when using Cholac to ensure safe and effective treatment. If you experience any concerning side effects or have questions about its use, consult your healthcare provider promptly.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

There are no specific dietary restrictions associated with Cholac. However, consider the following tips to enhance its effectiveness:

• Fiber: Incorporate fiber-rich foods (such as fruits, vegetables, and whole grains) into your diet to support healthy bowel function.
• Fluids: Drink plenty of water and fluids to help Cholac work more effectively in softening stools and promoting bowel movements.
• Moderate Caffeine and Alcohol: Limit caffeine and alcohol intake, as they can contribute to dehydration and may affect bowel function.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

If you forget to take a dose of Cholac, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Cholac (lactulose) is generally well-tolerated, but like any medication, it can cause side effects in some individuals. Common side effects of Cholac include:

• Gastrointestinal Effects: These are the most common side effects and may include:
  • Abdominal cramps
  • Flatulence (gas)
  • Bloating
  • Diarrhea (especially with high doses)
• Electrolyte Imbalance: Prolonged use of Cholac can lead to electrolyte disturbances, particularly low potassium levels (hypokalemia).
• Dehydration: Inadequate fluid intake while using Cholac can lead to dehydration, especially in elderly patients or those with other predisposing factors.
• Nausea and Vomiting: Some individuals may experience nausea or vomiting, although this is less common.
• Allergic Reactions: Although rare, allergic reactions to Cholac can occur. Symptoms may include rash, itching, swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, or trouble breathing.
• Other: Other less common side effects may include headache, electrolyte imbalance (especially in patients with renal impairment), and high blood sugar levels (especially in diabetic patients).

It’s important to note that not everyone experiences these side effects, and many people using Cholac do not have any serious side effects. If you experience any unusual or severe symptoms while taking Cholac, contact your healthcare provider immediately.

As with any medication, the benefits of Cholac should be weighed against the potential risks. Your doctor can help monitor for side effects and adjust your treatment plan accordingly if needed.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and Disposal of Cholac:

• Storage: Store Cholac (lactulose) at room temperature away from light and moisture. Avoid storing it in the bathroom where it could be exposed to moisture. Keep it out of reach of children and pets.
• Disposal: Dispose of Cholac properly according to local regulations or guidelines. Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. Check with your pharmacist or local waste disposal company for proper disposal methods.

In case of emergency/overdose

• Seek Medical Attention: If you suspect an overdose, experience severe symptoms, or have concerns about your condition, immediately call emergency services (911 in the US) or your local poison control center.
• Symptoms of Overdose: Overdose symptoms may include severe diarrhea, electrolyte imbalances (such as low potassium), dehydration, and gastrointestinal disturbances.
• Treatment: Treatment of Cholac overdose typically involves supportive care, such as fluid replacement to address dehydration and electrolyte imbalances. Medical professionals will provide appropriate treatment based on the severity of symptoms.

What other information should I know?

• Effectiveness: Cholac may take up to 48 hours to produce a bowel movement. If you do not see improvement within a few days of starting treatment or if your condition worsens, contact your healthcare provider.
• Regular Use: Use Cholac regularly to maintain its effectiveness in managing constipation or other conditions for which it has been prescribed. Follow your doctor’s instructions carefully.
• Monitoring: Your healthcare provider may periodically monitor your electrolyte levels and overall response to Cholac treatment, especially if you are using it long-term or have underlying health conditions.
• Medical Conditions: Inform your doctor about any medical conditions you have, especially diabetes, intestinal disorders, or kidney problems, as these may affect how Cholac is prescribed and used.
• Other Medications: Inform your healthcare provider about all medications, vitamins, and supplements you are taking, as Cholac may interact with certain drugs.
• Routine Check-ups: Attend scheduled appointments with your doctor to discuss your progress and any concerns you may have about Cholac or your condition.

By following these guidelines and staying informed about Cholac, you can ensure safe and effective use of the medication under the guidance of your healthcare provider.