Why is this medication prescribed?

Cabotegravir is prescribed primarily for the treatment of HIV-1 infection in adults. It belongs to a class of medications called integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs), which work by blocking the action of an enzyme called integrase, preventing the virus from multiplying in the body. Cabotegravir is often used in combination with other antiretroviral medications to effectively control HIV infection.

How should this medicine be used?

Cabotegravir tablets are typically taken orally once daily with or without food. Here are some general guidelines on how to use cabotegravir:

• Follow your doctor’s instructions: Always follow the dosing instructions provided by your healthcare provider. They will determine the appropriate dose based on your individual circumstances, such as your HIV history, other medications you may be taking, and any other relevant medical conditions.
• Take it regularly: It’s important to take cabotegravir consistently at the same time each day. This helps maintain a steady level of the medication in your body, which is necessary for effectively controlling HIV infection.
• Swallow the tablet whole: Do not crush, chew, or break the cabotegravir tablet. Swallow it whole with a glass of water.
• Do not miss doses: Try not to miss any doses of cabotegravir. If you accidentally miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
• Continue taking it even if you feel well: Even if you feel well and your HIV infection seems under control, continue taking cabotegravir as prescribed by your doctor. Stopping the medication abruptly or skipping doses can lead to a resurgence of the virus and potentially the development of drug resistance.
• Keep your appointments: Attend all follow-up appointments with your healthcare provider as scheduled. They will monitor your progress, check your viral load, and assess any potential side effects of the medication.
• Store it properly: Store cabotegravir tablets at room temperature away from moisture and heat. Keep the medication in its original container with the lid tightly closed, and out of reach of children.

Always consult your healthcare provider if you have any questions or concerns about how to use cabotegravir or if you experience any unusual symptoms while taking the medication.

Other uses for this medicine

Cabotegravir is primarily used for the treatment of HIV-1 infection in adults. However, it is being investigated for other potential uses, such as HIV prevention, particularly in the form of long-acting injectable formulations. These formulations may offer an alternative method of HIV prevention for individuals who may have difficulty adhering to daily oral medications.

What special precautions should I follow?

As for special precautions to follow when taking cabotegravir:

• Inform your healthcare provider: Before starting cabotegravir, inform your healthcare provider about any medical conditions you have, especially if you have kidney or liver problems. They will consider these factors when prescribing the medication.
• Pregnancy and breastfeeding: If you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, or if you are breastfeeding, discuss the risks and benefits of cabotegravir with your healthcare provider. There may be potential risks to the fetus or infant, and alternative treatment options may be considered.
• Drug interactions: Cabotegravir may interact with other medications, including over-the-counter drugs, vitamins, and herbal supplements. Inform your healthcare provider about all the medications and supplements you are taking to avoid potential interactions.
• Allergies: If you have known allergies or sensitivities to cabotegravir or any of its components, inform your healthcare provider before starting the medication.
• Side effects: Be aware of the potential side effects of cabotegravir, which can include nausea, headache, fatigue, and changes in liver function tests. Contact your healthcare provider if you experience any concerning symptoms while taking the medication.
• Adherence: It’s important to adhere to the prescribed dosing schedule and not to miss doses of cabotegravir. Skipping doses or not taking the medication as directed can affect its effectiveness in controlling HIV infection.
• Regular monitoring: Your healthcare provider will monitor your progress while taking cabotegravir, including checking your viral load and assessing any potential side effects. Attend all follow-up appointments as scheduled.

Always consult your healthcare provider for personalized guidance on the use of cabotegravir and any specific precautions or considerations based on your individual medical history and circumstances.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

As for special dietary instructions, cabotegravir can generally be taken with or without food. There are no specific dietary restrictions associated with cabotegravir use. However, it’s essential to maintain a healthy diet as part of overall HIV management.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

• Take it as soon as you remember: If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule.
• Don’t double dose: Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one. Taking extra doses can increase the risk of side effects without providing additional benefit.
• Consult your healthcare provider: If you have questions or concerns about missed doses or if you frequently forget to take your medication, consult your healthcare provider for guidance on managing your medication regimen effectively.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Cabotegravir, like any medication, can cause side effects. Common side effects associated with cabotegravir may include:

• Injection site reactions: For long-acting injectable formulations of cabotegravir, injection site reactions such as pain, redness, swelling, or bruising may occur.
• Nausea: Some individuals may experience nausea after taking cabotegravir.
• Headache: Headaches are a common side effect reported by some individuals taking cabotegravir.
• Fatigue: Feeling tired or fatigued may occur in some individuals.
• Changes in liver function tests: Cabotegravir may cause changes in liver function tests, although these are usually mild and temporary.
• Allergic reactions: While rare, some people may experience allergic reactions to cabotegravir, which can manifest as rash, itching, swelling, dizziness, or difficulty breathing. Seek immediate medical attention if you experience any signs of an allergic reaction.
• Other side effects: Other less common side effects may include diarrhea, abdominal pain, vomiting, dizziness, and insomnia.

It’s essential to report any side effects you experience while taking cabotegravir to your healthcare provider. They can provide guidance on managing side effects and may adjust your treatment regimen if necessary. Additionally, if you experience any severe or concerning side effects, seek medical attention promptly.

As with any medication, the benefits of cabotegravir in managing HIV infection generally outweigh the potential risks of side effects. However, it’s crucial to weigh these factors and discuss any concerns with your healthcare provider before starting treatment with cabotegravir.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and disposal of cabotegravir:

Storage:

• Store cabotegravir tablets at room temperature, away from moisture and heat.
• Keep the medication in its original container with the lid tightly closed.
• Keep cabotegravir out of reach of children.

Disposal:

• Dispose of unused or expired cabotegravir tablets properly according to local regulations or guidelines.
• Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so.

In case of emergency/overdose

• In case of an overdose or emergency, contact your local poison control center or seek emergency medical attention immediately.
• If possible, bring the cabotegravir packaging or medication bottle with you to the hospital to assist medical professionals in providing appropriate treatment.

What other information should I know?

• Cabotegravir is not a cure for HIV infection but is used to control it. It’s essential to continue taking cabotegravir as prescribed by your healthcare provider, even if you feel well.
• Follow your healthcare provider’s instructions regarding regular monitoring of your HIV infection, including viral load tests and other laboratory tests.
• Inform all healthcare providers involved in your care that you are taking cabotegravir, including dentists and pharmacists.
• Keep a list of all medications you are taking, including prescription and over-the-counter drugs, vitamins, and supplements, and share it with your healthcare provider.
• If you have any questions or concerns about cabotegravir or its use, consult your healthcare provider or pharmacist for guidance.

By following these guidelines and being informed about the storage, disposal, emergency procedures, and other important information related to cabotegravir, you can help ensure safe and effective treatment for HIV infection.