Why is this medication prescribed?

Diphenhydramine is primarily prescribed for its antihistamine properties, which means it is commonly used to relieve symptoms of allergies such as sneezing, itching, watery eyes, and runny nose. Additionally, it’s often used to alleviate symptoms of the common cold, hay fever, and other respiratory allergies. Its sedative effects also make it useful in over-the-counter sleep aids. Furthermore, it can be used for its antiemetic (anti-nausea) properties and as a mild muscle relaxant.

How should this medicine be used?

Diphenhydramine should be used exactly as directed by a healthcare professional or as indicated on the medication label. Here are some general guidelines:

• Dosage: Follow the dosage instructions provided by your healthcare provider or on the medication label. The dosage can vary depending on the formulation (e.g., tablets, capsules, liquid) and the reason for use (e.g., allergy relief, sleep aid).
• Administration: Diphenhydramine is typically taken orally with a full glass of water. It can be taken with or without food, but taking it with food may help reduce the risk of stomach upset.
• Timing: If using diphenhydramine as a sleep aid, take it 30 minutes to an hour before bedtime. For allergy relief or other purposes, take it as directed by your healthcare provider, usually every 4 to 6 hours as needed.
• Avoid Alcohol: Avoid consuming alcohol while taking diphenhydramine, as it can increase drowsiness and other side effects.
• Do Not Exceed Recommended Dose: Do not exceed the recommended dose unless directed by your healthcare provider. Taking more than the recommended dose can lead to serious side effects.
• Duration of Use: Use diphenhydramine only for the prescribed duration or as directed by your healthcare provider. If symptoms persist or worsen, consult your healthcare provider.
• Special Considerations: If you are using diphenhydramine for a child, use a pediatric formulation and follow the dosing instructions carefully. Consult a healthcare provider before giving diphenhydramine to children under a certain age.

Always consult with a healthcare provider or pharmacist if you have any questions or concerns about the proper use of diphenhydramine or if you experience any adverse reactions while taking it.

Other uses for this medicine

Besides its primary uses for allergies and as a sleep aid, diphenhydramine may also be used for other purposes, including:

• Motion sickness: Diphenhydramine can help alleviate symptoms of motion sickness, such as nausea and vomiting.
• Itch relief: It is sometimes used topically (in cream or gel form) to relieve itching caused by insect bites, poison ivy, or other skin irritations.
• Parkinson’s disease: Diphenhydramine may be used in the management of Parkinson’s disease to help control symptoms such as tremors and muscle stiffness.

What special precautions should I follow?

Regarding special precautions for diphenhydramine:

• Allergies: Inform your healthcare provider if you have any allergies to diphenhydramine or any other medications. This medication may contain inactive ingredients that could cause allergic reactions or other problems.
• Medical history: Discuss your medical history with your healthcare provider, especially if you have a history of certain conditions such as asthma, glaucoma, enlarged prostate, high blood pressure, heart disease, liver disease, or seizures.
• Pregnancy and breastfeeding: If you are pregnant or breastfeeding, consult your healthcare provider before using diphenhydramine. It’s essential to weigh the potential risks and benefits with your healthcare provider.
• Interactions: Inform your healthcare provider about all the medications you are currently taking, including prescription and over-the-counter medications, as well as herbal supplements. Diphenhydramine may interact with certain medications, such as sedatives, tranquilizers, antidepressants, and other antihistamines.
• Driving and operating machinery: Diphenhydramine can cause drowsiness and impair your ability to concentrate and react quickly. Avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until you know how diphenhydramine affects you.
• Alcohol: Avoid consuming alcohol while taking diphenhydramine, as it can increase drowsiness and other side effects.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and read the medication label carefully. If you have any questions or concerns about using diphenhydramine, consult your healthcare provider or pharmacist for guidance.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

Regarding special dietary instructions, there are typically no specific dietary restrictions associated with diphenhydramine. However, it’s always a good idea to follow a balanced diet unless directed otherwise by your healthcare provider.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

If you forget to take a dose of diphenhydramine, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one. If you have any concerns or questions about missed doses, consult your healthcare provider or pharmacist for guidance.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Diphenhydramine, like any medication, can cause side effects. Common side effects of diphenhydramine may include:

• Drowsiness
• Dizziness
• Dry mouth, nose, or throat
• Blurred vision
• Constipation
• Upset stomach
• Nausea
• Difficulty urinating

In addition to these common side effects, diphenhydramine may also cause more severe side effects in some individuals. These can include:

• Allergic reactions: Some people may experience allergic reactions to diphenhydramine, which can include rash, itching, swelling, severe dizziness, or trouble breathing. Seek immediate medical attention if you experience any signs of an allergic reaction.
• Serious drowsiness: Diphenhydramine can cause significant drowsiness, which can impair your ability to concentrate and react quickly. Avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until you know how diphenhydramine affects you.
• Paradoxical reactions: In rare cases, diphenhydramine may cause paradoxical reactions, such as agitation, hallucinations, or hyperactivity, particularly in children and older adults.
• Urinary retention: Diphenhydramine may cause difficulty urinating, especially in men with prostate problems. If you experience difficulty urinating or notice any changes in urination patterns, seek medical attention.
• Increased intraocular pressure: Diphenhydramine may increase pressure in the eye, which can be problematic for individuals with glaucoma. If you have glaucoma or are at risk for glaucoma, consult your healthcare provider before using diphenhydramine.
• Interaction with other medications: Diphenhydramine may interact with certain medications, leading to potentially serious side effects. Consult your healthcare provider or pharmacist before taking diphenhydramine if you are currently taking any other medications.

It’s important to discuss any concerns or questions about side effects with your healthcare provider or pharmacist. If you experience any severe or concerning side effects while taking diphenhydramine, seek medical attention promptly.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and Disposal:

• Storage: Store diphenhydramine at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light. Keep the medication out of reach of children and pets.
• Disposal: Dispose of unused or expired diphenhydramine properly according to local regulations or medication take-back programs. Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. Consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal facility for guidance on safe disposal methods.

In case of emergency/overdose

In case of an overdose of diphenhydramine, seek emergency medical attention immediately. Overdose symptoms may include extreme drowsiness, confusion, hallucinations, rapid heart rate, seizures, or loss of consciousness. If possible, provide the healthcare professionals with information about the amount of diphenhydramine ingested.

What other information should I know?

• Avoid using diphenhydramine with other medications that can cause drowsiness or slow down breathing, such as opioid pain medications, muscle relaxants, or certain antidepressants, unless directed by your healthcare provider.
• Diphenhydramine may increase the risk of falls, especially in older adults. Take precautions to prevent falls, such as getting up slowly from a sitting or lying position and using handrails when climbing stairs.
• Inform healthcare providers about all medications, supplements, and herbal products you are taking before undergoing any surgical procedures or medical tests.
• Keep track of your medication usage and refill schedule to ensure you have an adequate supply of diphenhydramine on hand.
• If you have any questions or concerns about diphenhydramine, its use, side effects, or interactions, consult your healthcare provider or pharmacist for guidance.

Following these guidelines can help ensure the safe and effective use of diphenhydramine. Always use medications as directed and seek medical attention if you experience any adverse reactions or emergencies.