Why is this medication prescribed?

Alirocumab Injection is prescribed primarily to help lower cholesterol levels. It is a type of medication known as a PCSK9 inhibitor. Here’s a bit more detail on its uses:

• High LDL Cholesterol: It is used to lower LDL cholesterol (often referred to as “bad” cholesterol) in people with hyperlipidemia or dyslipidemia who are at high risk for cardiovascular events, such as heart attack or stroke.
• In Combination with Statins: It can be used alongside other cholesterol-lowering medications, like statins, when these medications alone are not sufficient to control cholesterol levels.
• Familial Hypercholesterolemia: It is also prescribed for individuals with a genetic condition called familial hypercholesterolemia, which results in very high cholesterol levels from birth.
• Cardiovascular Risk Reduction: It can help reduce the risk of heart attacks, strokes, and other cardiovascular events in patients with established heart disease.

Alirocumab works by targeting and inhibiting a protein called PCSK9, which leads to increased removal of LDL cholesterol from the blood.

How should this medicine be used?

Alirocumab injection is typically administered subcutaneously (under the skin). Here are general guidelines on how it’s used:

• Dosage and Frequency: The usual starting dose is 75 mg, administered every two weeks. In some cases, it may be increased to 150 mg every two weeks, depending on how well you respond and your doctor’s recommendations. For some patients, the dose may be adjusted to every four weeks instead of every two weeks.
• Injection Sites: Common sites for the injection include the thighs, abdomen, or the upper arm. It’s important to rotate injection sites to avoid irritation or discomfort.
• Preparation: Before using, allow the injection to come to room temperature by taking it out of the refrigerator about 30 minutes before administering. Inspect the solution before use; it should be clear and colorless. Do not use if it’s discolored or contains particles.
• Administration: Wash your hands thoroughly before preparing the injection. Follow the specific instructions provided with your medication or given by your healthcare provider for injecting. This usually involves cleaning the skin with an alcohol wipe, inserting the needle at a 90-degree angle, and pushing the plunger to deliver the medication.
• Storage: Store Alirocumab in the refrigerator (between 36°F and 46°F or 2°C and 8°C). Do not freeze it or expose it to heat.
• Disposal: Dispose of used syringes or pens according to your local regulations, often in a designated sharps container.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions for your specific situation, and contact them if you have any questions or concerns about the medication or its administration.

Other uses for this medicine

• Primary Hyperlipidemia: Besides familial hypercholesterolemia, it’s also used for primary hyperlipidemia or mixed dyslipidemia in patients who are at high risk for cardiovascular events.
• Secondary Prevention: It may be used in patients with a history of cardiovascular disease to help prevent further cardiovascular events.

What special precautions should I follow?

Special Precautions:

• Allergic Reactions: Watch for signs of allergic reactions, such as rash, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing. Contact your healthcare provider if you experience these symptoms.
• Injection Site Reactions: Some people may experience reactions at the injection site, such as redness, swelling, or pain. Rotating injection sites can help reduce these issues.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: The safety of Alirocumab during pregnancy and breastfeeding hasn’t been well-studied. Inform your healthcare provider if you are pregnant, plan to become pregnant, or are breastfeeding.
• Kidney or Liver Disease: If you have severe kidney or liver disease, discuss this with your healthcare provider, as it may affect how you respond to the medication.
• Other Medications: Inform your doctor about all other medications you’re taking, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements, as they might interact with Alirocumab.
• Routine Monitoring: Regular follow-up appointments may be necessary to monitor cholesterol levels and ensure the medication is working effectively.

Always follow the specific advice provided by your healthcare provider and report any unusual symptoms or side effects.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

There are no specific dietary restrictions associated with Alirocumab. However, maintaining a heart-healthy diet is beneficial for managing cholesterol levels. This includes:

• Eating plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins.
• Reducing intake of saturated fats, trans fats, and cholesterol-rich foods.
• Limiting processed foods and added sugars.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

• Missed Dose Within 7 Days: If you remember within 7 days of your missed dose, take it as soon as you remember. Then continue with your regular dosing schedule.
• Missed Dose After 7 Days: If it has been more than 7 days since your missed dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double up on doses to make up for a missed one.
• Consult Your Healthcare Provider: If you’re unsure or have missed multiple doses, contact your healthcare provider for guidance.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Alirocumab injection can cause side effects, although not everyone experiences them. Here are some potential side effects:

Common Side Effects:

• Injection Site Reactions: Pain, redness, swelling, or itching at the site of injection.
• Flu-like Symptoms: Symptoms such as fever, fatigue, and muscle pain.
• Headache: Some people may experience headaches.

Less Common but Serious Side Effects:

• Allergic Reactions: Serious allergic reactions, including rash, itching, swelling, severe dizziness, or trouble breathing.
• Liver Issues: Elevated liver enzymes, which could indicate liver problems. Symptoms may include yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice), dark urine, or severe abdominal pain.
• Severe Injection Site Reactions: Persistent pain, swelling, or signs of infection at the injection site.
• Injection Site Reactions: Rotate injection sites to minimize discomfort and potential irritation.
• Flu-like Symptoms: Over-the-counter pain relievers and rest may help alleviate these symptoms, but consult your healthcare provider for advice.

If you experience any severe or persistent side effects, or if you have any concerns about how you’re feeling, contact your healthcare provider for further evaluation and advice.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and Disposal of Alirocumab Injection:

Storage:

• Store Alirocumab in the refrigerator at 36°F to 46°F (2°C to 8°C). Do not freeze it.
• If needed, Alirocumab can be kept at room temperature (up to 77°F or 25°C) for up to 30 days. Once it’s been at room temperature, it should not be returned to the refrigerator.
• Keep the medication in its original carton to protect it from light.

Disposal:

• Dispose of used syringes, pens, or other injection supplies in a proper sharps disposal container. Follow local regulations for disposal of sharps containers.
• Do not dispose of unused medication in household trash or flush it down the toilet. Check with your pharmacist or local waste disposal authorities for guidelines on medication disposal.

In case of emergency/overdose

• Symptoms: While serious overdose is unlikely, if you suspect an overdose or experience severe symptoms, contact your healthcare provider or local emergency services.
• Actions: There is no specific antidote for an overdose of Alirocumab. Treatment would be supportive and symptomatic.
• Allergic Reactions: If you experience symptoms of a severe allergic reaction (such as difficulty breathing, swelling of the face or throat, or severe rash), seek emergency medical help immediately.
• General Emergency: For any other emergencies or unusual symptoms, contact your healthcare provider or go to the nearest emergency room.

What other information should I know?

• Regular Monitoring: Regular follow-up with your healthcare provider is essential to monitor cholesterol levels and assess how well the medication is working.
• Adherence: Follow your healthcare provider’s instructions on dosage and administration to achieve the best results.
• Medical History: Inform your healthcare provider of any other health conditions or medications you are taking to prevent potential interactions or complications.
• Lifestyle Changes: Complement the medication with lifestyle changes, such as a healthy diet and regular exercise, to improve overall cholesterol management and cardiovascular health.

Always consult your healthcare provider for personalized advice and guidance regarding your treatment with Alirocumab.