WARNING

Taking Afrezza (insulin human inhalation) carries several risks, including:

• Respiratory Issues: Afrezza can cause or worsen respiratory problems, so it’s not recommended for those with chronic lung conditions like asthma or COPD.
• Hypoglycemia: It can lead to low blood sugar levels, which might cause symptoms such as shakiness, confusion, or dizziness.
• Allergic Reactions: Some users might experience severe allergic reactions, such as rash, itching, or trouble breathing.
• Weight Gain: Like other insulin therapies, Afrezza may lead to weight gain.
• Increased Blood Sugar: Although less common, some individuals may struggle to maintain optimal blood sugar levels.

Monitoring and communication with your healthcare provider are crucial to managing these risks effectively.

Why is this medication prescribed?

Afrezza (insulin human inhalation) is a rapid-acting inhaled insulin used to help manage blood sugar levels in people with diabetes. It’s typically prescribed for those with type 1 or type 2 diabetes who need insulin to control their blood sugar levels, particularly around mealtimes. It can be an alternative to injectable insulin for people who have difficulty with injections or prefer a non-injection method. The insulin in Afrezza is delivered directly into the lungs and then into the bloodstream, allowing for quick absorption and action.

How should this medicine be used?

Afrezza is used with a special inhaler device. Here’s a general overview of how to use it:

• Prepare the Inhaler: Before using Afrezza, ensure the inhaler is properly assembled and check the expiration date on the cartridge.
• Insert the Cartridge: Place a cartridge of Afrezza into the inhaler. Make sure it’s securely inserted.
• Inhale the Medication: Breathe out fully before using the inhaler. Place the mouthpiece between your lips and inhale deeply and steadily. Hold your breath for about 10 seconds, then exhale slowly.
• Dispose of the Cartridge: After use, remove and dispose of the empty cartridge properly.
• Clean the Inhaler: Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for cleaning the inhaler to ensure it remains effective.

It’s important to follow the dosage and timing instructions provided by your healthcare provider. Afrezza is usually taken at the beginning of a meal to help control post-meal blood sugar spikes. Regular monitoring of blood glucose levels is also crucial to ensure effective diabetes management.

Other uses for this medicine

Afrezza is specifically designed for managing blood sugar in people with diabetes and doesn’t have other approved uses. It’s not intended for treating conditions other than diabetes.

What special precautions should I follow?

Special Precautions:

• Lung Health: Afrezza is inhaled, so it’s crucial to have healthy lung function. It’s not recommended for people with chronic lung diseases like asthma or COPD. Your healthcare provider will likely perform a lung function test before prescribing Afrezza.
• Blood Sugar Monitoring: Regular monitoring of blood glucose levels is essential to adjust the dosage and avoid hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) or hyperglycemia (high blood sugar).
• Dosing: Follow your healthcare provider’s instructions regarding dosage and timing. Afrezza should be taken at the beginning of each meal to help manage post-meal blood sugar spikes.
• Allergic Reactions: Be aware of any signs of allergic reactions or side effects, such as cough, throat irritation, or trouble breathing. Report these to your healthcare provider.
• Drug Interactions: Inform your healthcare provider about all other medications and supplements you’re taking, as there could be interactions affecting blood sugar levels or other health concerns.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: If you’re pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding, discuss the potential risks and benefits of using Afrezza with your healthcare provider.
• Proper Use: Use Afrezza exactly as prescribed. Do not use it as a substitute for long-acting insulin or other diabetes medications unless directed by your healthcare provider.

Always consult with your healthcare provider for personalized advice and follow their guidance closely when using Afrezza.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

• Meal Timing: Take Afrezza at the beginning of each meal to manage post-meal blood sugar spikes effectively.
• Carbohydrate Monitoring: Follow a balanced diet and monitor your carbohydrate intake, as it affects your blood sugar levels. Your healthcare provider may provide specific dietary recommendations based on your needs.
• Consistency: Try to maintain consistency in meal timing and portion sizes to better manage blood sugar levels and insulin needs.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

• During a Meal: If you forget a dose and it’s time for your next meal, take your usual dose at the beginning of the next meal. Do not take a double dose.
• Outside Meal Times: If you miss a dose and it’s not time for your next meal, skip the missed dose and take your next dose at the regular time.
• Consult Your Healthcare Provider: Always consult with your healthcare provider for specific instructions on what to do if you miss a dose, as they can provide guidance based on your overall treatment plan.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Afrezza can cause several side effects, some of which are common and others that are more serious. Here’s a general overview:

Common Side Effects:

• Cough: This is a frequent side effect due to the inhaled nature of the medication.
• Throat Irritation: Some users may experience irritation or a scratchy throat.
• Headache: This can occur as your body adjusts to the medication.
• Runny or Stuffy Nose: Nasal symptoms can sometimes occur.

Serious Side Effects:

• Respiratory Issues: Afrezza can potentially cause or worsen respiratory conditions, so it’s not recommended for people with chronic lung diseases like asthma or COPD.
• Hypoglycemia: Low blood sugar levels can occur, leading to symptoms like shakiness, sweating, confusion, and dizziness.
• Allergic Reactions: Though less common, some may experience severe allergic reactions such as rash, itching, swelling, or trouble breathing.
• Weight Gain: As with many insulin therapies, some people may experience weight gain.
• Increased Blood Sugar: Although rare, some users might have difficulties maintaining optimal blood sugar levels.

If you experience any side effects, especially serious ones, it’s important to contact your healthcare provider. They can help manage side effects and adjust your treatment if necessary.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and Disposal of Afrezza:

• Storage:
  • Store them in the original blister pack at room temperature (68°F to 77°F or 20°C to 25°C). Avoid exposing them to extreme temperatures.
  • After opening, use the cartridges within 10 days. Keep them in their original blister pack and in a dry place away from heat and moisture.
  • Keep it clean and store it at room temperature. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for cleaning and maintenance.
• Disposal:
  • Dispose of expired or unused Afrezza according to local regulations or take it to a drug take-back program if available.
  • Dispose of them in accordance with local waste disposal regulations, typically in the household trash if no specific disposal instructions are provided.

In case of emergency/overdose

• Immediate Action: If you experience symptoms of hypoglycemia (such as shakiness, confusion, or sweating), consume fast-acting carbohydrates like glucose tablets, fruit juice, or regular soda.
• Severe Hypoglycemia: If you have severe symptoms, seek emergency medical help. You might need an injection of glucagon or intravenous glucose.
• Contact Medical Help: If you suspect an overdose or experience severe symptoms like persistent hypoglycemia, seek medical assistance immediately.
• Symptoms: Overdose symptoms may include prolonged low blood sugar episodes and related complications.

What other information should I know?

• Regular Monitoring: Continuously monitor your blood glucose levels as directed by your healthcare provider to ensure effective management of your diabetes.
• Healthcare Provider Communication: Keep in regular contact with your healthcare provider to adjust dosages or address any side effects or concerns.
• Medical Identification: Consider wearing a medical ID bracelet or necklace indicating that you use insulin, especially if you have diabetes.
• Emergency Plan: Have a plan in place for managing diabetes during emergencies, such as travel or illness, and make sure family or caregivers are aware of it.
• Education: Educate yourself about diabetes management and insulin therapy to better understand how Afrezza fits into your overall treatment plan.

By following these guidelines, you can use Afrezza safely and effectively while managing any potential risks or complications.