Why is this medication prescribed?

Acalabrutinib is prescribed for the treatment of certain types of blood cancers, specifically:

• Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL): A type of cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow.
• Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma (SLL): Similar to CLL but primarily affects the lymph nodes.
• Marginal Zone Lymphoma (MZL): A type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that affects the lymphatic system.

It works by inhibiting Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK), an enzyme that helps cancer cells grow and survive. By blocking this enzyme, Acalabrutinib helps to slow down or stop the progression of these cancers.

How should this medicine be used?

Acalabrutinib is usually taken orally in the form of a capsule. Here are general guidelines for its use:

• Dosage: The typical dose is 100 mg taken twice daily. However, the exact dosage and schedule can vary based on your specific condition and response to the medication.
• Administration: Take the capsules at the same times each day to help remember. You should swallow them whole with a glass of water and not crush, chew, or open them.
• With or Without Food: Acalabrutinib can be taken with or without food. However, it’s important to maintain consistency in how you take it, either always with food or always without food.
• Missed Dose: If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember unless it’s almost time for your next dose. In that case, skip the missed dose; do not double up to make up for a missed dose.
• Avoiding Grapefruit: You should avoid grapefruit and grapefruit juice while on Acalabrutinib as they can interact with the medication and affect its effectiveness.
• Monitoring: Regular blood tests and medical check-ups are typically required to monitor for side effects and ensure the medication is working effectively.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and consult them if you have any questions or concerns about taking Acalabrutinib.

Other uses for this medicine

Besides treating CLL, SLL, and MZL, Acalabrutinib is also being investigated for other types of B-cell malignancies, such as:

• Mantle Cell Lymphoma (MCL): A rare form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
• Waldenström’s Macroglobulinemia: A type of cancer that involves the production of too much of a protein called IgM.

What special precautions should I follow?

Regarding special precautions:

• Infections: Acalabrutinib can increase the risk of infections. You should report any signs of infection, such as fever, chills, or sore throat, to your healthcare provider.
• Bleeding: The medication can increase bleeding risk. Avoid activities that could lead to bleeding or injury, and inform your doctor if you notice any unusual bleeding or bruising.
• Heart Conditions: If you have a history of heart problems, such as atrial fibrillation, let your doctor know, as Acalabrutinib can affect heart rhythm.
• Liver Function: Acalabrutinib can affect liver function. Your doctor will monitor your liver function tests regularly.
• Drug Interactions: Inform your healthcare provider about all other medications you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements, as Acalabrutinib can interact with other drugs.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: The effects of Acalabrutinib during pregnancy or breastfeeding are not well-studied. It is important to discuss with your doctor if you are pregnant, plan to become pregnant, or are breastfeeding.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s advice and inform them of any new or worsening symptoms while on Acalabrutinib.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

• Grapefruit: Avoid grapefruit and grapefruit juice, as they can interact with Acalabrutinib and affect its effectiveness.
• Consistency: Take Acalabrutinib consistently with or without food, but maintain the same routine each time you take the medication.
• Hydration: Drink plenty of fluids to stay hydrated, especially if you experience side effects such as diarrhea or vomiting.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

• If You Remember Soon After: Take the missed dose as soon as you remember.
• If It’s Almost Time for Your Next Dose: Skip the missed dose and take your next dose at the regular time. Do not double up on doses to make up for a missed one.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Acalabrutinib can cause a range of side effects. Some of the common and serious ones include:

Common Side Effects:

• Headache
• Diarrhea
• Fatigue
• Muscle and joint pain
• Rash
• Nausea
• Upper respiratory tract infections

Serious Side Effects:

• Infections: Increased risk of infections, including serious ones like pneumonia or sepsis.
• Bleeding Problems: Risk of bleeding or bruising more easily. Watch for unusual bleeding, bruising, or blood in your stool or urine.
• Heart Issues: Possible heart rhythm problems such as atrial fibrillation.
• Liver Issues: Elevated liver enzymes indicating potential liver problems.
• Second Primary Cancers: Acalabrutinib may increase the risk of developing other cancers.
• Severe Allergic Reactions: Symptoms might include rash, itching, swelling, severe dizziness, or trouble breathing.
• Severe Gastrointestinal Issues: Persistent vomiting or severe diarrhea leading to dehydration.

It’s important to report any side effects you experience to your healthcare provider. They can help manage side effects and decide if any changes to your treatment are needed.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and Disposal of Acalabrutinib:

• Storage:
  • Temperature: Store Acalabrutinib at room temperature, typically between 68°F to 77°F (20°C to 25°C).
  • Protection: Keep it in its original container, tightly closed, and away from light and moisture.
  • Children and Pets: Keep the medication out of reach of children and pets.
• Disposal:
  • Medication Take-Back Programs: The best way to dispose of unused or expired Acalabrutinib is through a medication take-back program or pharmacy disposal service.
  • Household Disposal: If no take-back programs are available, follow FDA guidelines for disposing of medications in household trash. Mix the medication with an undesirable substance (like used coffee grounds or cat litter) in a sealed plastic bag before throwing it away.

In case of emergency/overdose

• Contact Medical Help: If you suspect an overdose or experience severe symptoms, contact your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency room immediately.
• Symptoms of Overdose: Although specific symptoms of an Acalabrutinib overdose are not well-documented, watch for severe or unusual symptoms such as extreme fatigue, bleeding, or signs of severe infections.

What other information should I know?

• Regular Monitoring: Regular medical appointments and tests are necessary to monitor for side effects and assess the effectiveness of the treatment.
• Medication Adherence: Take Acalabrutinib exactly as prescribed. Do not adjust the dose or stop taking it without consulting your healthcare provider.
• Communicate with Your Doctor: Keep your healthcare provider informed of any other medical conditions, changes in health, or new medications you are taking.
• Drug Interactions: Always inform your doctor about all other medications, supplements, and herbal products you are using to avoid potential interactions.
• Pregnancy and Fertility: If you are planning to become pregnant or are breastfeeding, discuss potential risks with your healthcare provider.

For any specific concerns or questions about your treatment with Acalabrutinib, always consult your healthcare provider.