WARNING

Taking Abraxane (nab-paclitaxel) involves several risks, including:

• Infection Risk: Abraxane can lower white blood cell counts, increasing the risk of infections.
• Allergic Reactions: Some people may experience severe allergic reactions such as rash, itching, or difficulty breathing.
• Low Blood Counts: It can cause anemia, low platelet counts, and increased bleeding or bruising.
• Neuropathy: Numbness, tingling, or pain in the hands and feet (peripheral neuropathy) can occur.
• Liver Issues: Liver function abnormalities may arise, requiring monitoring and possible dose adjustments.
• Cardiovascular Effects: Potential heart-related issues, such as chest pain or shortness of breath.
• Gastrointestinal Problems: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or mouth sores.

Regular monitoring and communication with your healthcare provider can help manage these risks effectively.

Why is this medication prescribed?

Abraxane is a brand name for a drug called nab-paclitaxel, which is used in the treatment of various cancers. It is a form of the chemotherapy drug paclitaxel, but it is combined with a protein-based carrier (albumin) to help deliver the medication more effectively to cancer cells.

• Breast Cancer: Abraxane is commonly prescribed for patients with breast cancer, particularly for those who have not responded well to other treatments or have metastatic (spread to other parts of the body) breast cancer.
• Lung Cancer: It is also used for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that has spread and cannot be surgically removed.
• Pancreatic Cancer: Abraxane is used in combination with other drugs to treat pancreatic cancer, particularly when the cancer is inoperable or metastatic.

How should this medicine be used?

Administration and Use:

• Administration: Abraxane is administered intravenously (IV) by a healthcare professional. It is given as an infusion into a vein, typically over a period of 30 minutes to an hour.
• Dosing Schedule: The specific dosing schedule depends on the type of cancer being treated and other factors such as the patient’s overall health and response to the medication. It is often given once every 1 to 3 weeks.
• Pre-treatment: Patients may be given premedications to help prevent allergic reactions or side effects before the Abraxane infusion.
• Monitoring: Regular monitoring by healthcare professionals is necessary to check for side effects and to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment.
• Side Effects: Common side effects include nausea, fatigue, hair loss, and a decrease in blood cell counts, which can increase the risk of infection or bleeding.
• Interactions: Abraxane can interact with other medications, so it’s important to inform your healthcare provider about all the medications and supplements you are taking.
• Follow-up: Regular follow-up appointments are crucial to monitor the progress of the treatment and manage any potential side effects.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and ask them any questions you might have about your specific treatment plan.

Other uses for this medicine

Some potential off-label uses could include:

• Ovarian Cancer: Abraxane might be used in combination with other drugs for treating ovarian cancer, especially when other treatments are not effective.
• Esophageal Cancer: In some cases, Abraxane may be used for esophageal cancer, particularly in advanced stages.

What special precautions should I follow?

If you are receiving Abraxane, there are several precautions you should follow:

• Allergies: Inform your doctor if you are allergic to paclitaxel, any other medications, or any of the ingredients in Abraxane.
• Pre-existing Conditions: Notify your doctor if you have liver problems, heart disease, or a history of neuropathy (nerve problems).
• Medications and Supplements: Provide a complete list of all medications, vitamins, and supplements you are taking. Some may interact with Abraxane.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Abraxane can cause harm to an unborn baby, so it is important to avoid becoming pregnant while using this medication. Use effective birth control during treatment and for a period after. Do not breastfeed while receiving Abraxane.
• Blood Cell Counts: Abraxane can lower your blood cell counts, increasing the risk of infections, bleeding, or anemia. Regular blood tests are required to monitor your blood cell levels.
• Infections: Avoid contact with people who have infections, colds, or the flu, as your immune system may be weakened.
• Vaccinations: Avoid getting live vaccines while receiving Abraxane and for a few months afterward, as your immune system may not be able to handle them.
• Neuropathy: Report any numbness, tingling, or pain in your hands or feet, as Abraxane can cause peripheral neuropathy.
• Driving and Operating Machinery: Be cautious when driving or operating machinery, as Abraxane may cause dizziness or fatigue.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and attend all scheduled appointments for monitoring and evaluation.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

There are no specific dietary restrictions associated with Abraxane. However, maintaining a balanced and nutritious diet can help support your overall health during treatment.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

• Missing a Dose: If you miss an appointment for your Abraxane infusion, contact your healthcare provider immediately to reschedule. Do not try to make up for the missed dose on your own.
• Handling Delays: Your doctor will guide you on the best course of action if a dose is missed or delayed, ensuring that your treatment remains effective. It’s important not to double up on doses to make up for a missed one.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Abraxane (paclitaxel protein-bound) can cause a range of side effects, some of which may be serious. It’s important to be aware of these potential side effects and report any unusual symptoms to your healthcare provider.

Common Side Effects:

• Hair Loss (Alopecia): Temporary loss of hair, including eyebrows, eyelashes, and body hair.
• Nausea and Vomiting: Feeling nauseous and occasionally vomiting. Anti-nausea medications may be prescribed to help manage these symptoms.
• Fatigue: Feeling tired or weak is common during treatment.
• Neuropathy: Numbness, tingling, or pain in the hands or feet due to nerve damage (peripheral neuropathy).
• Decreased Appetite: Loss of appetite, which may lead to weight loss.
• Anemia: Low red blood cell count, which can cause fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath.
• Low White Blood Cell Count (Neutropenia): Increased risk of infections due to a weakened immune system.
• Low Platelet Count (Thrombocytopenia): Increased risk of bruising and bleeding.
• Diarrhea: Loose or frequent stools.
• Muscle and Joint Pain: Pain in muscles and joints, often described as aching.
• Mouth Sores (Stomatitis): Sores or inflammation in the mouth, which can make eating and drinking uncomfortable.
• Rash and Skin Reactions: Skin reactions like rashes, itching, or discoloration.

Serious Side Effects:

• Severe Allergic Reactions: Symptoms may include difficulty breathing, hives, swelling of the face or throat, and severe rash. This is a medical emergency.
• Severe Neutropenia: Extremely low white blood cell count can lead to life-threatening infections. Symptoms of infection include fever, chills, and sore throat.
• Liver Damage: Elevated liver enzymes, jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes), and dark urine can be signs of liver damage.
• Heart Problems: Abraxane can sometimes cause irregular heartbeats or heart failure. Symptoms include chest pain, shortness of breath, and swelling of the ankles or feet.
• Lung Issues: Interstitial lung disease or severe breathing problems. Symptoms include cough, shortness of breath, or chest pain.
• Severe Peripheral Neuropathy: Intense pain, numbness, or tingling that affects daily activities and may be irreversible in some cases.
• Severe Skin Reactions: Conditions like Stevens-Johnson syndrome, which involve blistering and peeling of the skin.
• Gastrointestinal Problems: Severe diarrhea, which can lead to dehydration, or serious inflammation of the bowel.
• Vision Changes: Blurred vision or other vision disturbances may occur.

Your healthcare team may adjust your dose, delay treatment, or provide medications to help manage side effects. It’s crucial to follow their guidance closely to minimize risks and maintain your quality of life during treatment.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and Disposal of Abraxane:

Storage:

• Temperature: Abraxane should be stored in a refrigerator at 36°F to 46°F (2°C to 8°C). Do not freeze the medication.
• Protection: Keep the medication in its original packaging to protect it from light.
• Handling: Avoid shaking the vial, as this can damage the drug.

Disposal:

• Unused or Expired Medication: Dispose of any unused or expired Abraxane according to local regulations. Do not throw it away in household trash.
• Take-Back Programs: Utilize drug take-back programs or disposal sites, which can often be found at pharmacies or local waste management facilities.
• Follow Instructions: Your healthcare provider or pharmacist can provide specific instructions on disposal if needed.

In case of emergency/overdose

• Signs of Overdose: Symptoms of an overdose might include severe nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and signs of infection like fever or chills due to lowered white blood cell count. Other possible signs include extreme weakness, dizziness, or unusual bleeding or bruising.
• Immediate Actions: Seek emergency medical help immediately if an overdose is suspected. Contact your local poison control center or emergency services right away. Provide them with as much information as possible, including the amount taken, the time it was taken, and any symptoms being experienced.

What other information should I know?

• Inform your doctor about any allergies, medical conditions (especially liver disease, heart disease, or low white blood cell count), and all medications or supplements you are taking.
• Discuss any history of alcohol use, as this could affect how your body processes the medication.
• Abraxane is typically given under the supervision of a healthcare professional, so you should be closely monitored during treatment.
• Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, hair loss, fatigue, and numbness or tingling in the hands or feet.
• Serious side effects may include severe allergic reactions, infections, lung problems, and heart issues. Contact your healthcare provider if you experience any severe or persistent side effects.
• Abraxane can harm an unborn baby, so it is important to use effective birth control during treatment and for a period after the last dose.
• Do not breastfeed while using Abraxane and for at least two weeks after the final dose, as the medication may pass into breast milk and harm the baby.
• Abraxane can interact with other medications, including certain antibiotics, antifungals, and blood thinners. Make sure your doctor is aware of all drugs and supplements you are taking to avoid potential interactions.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and contact them with any questions or concerns about your treatment with Abraxane.