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Abacavir, Dolutegravir, and Lamivudine

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WARNING

A severe or perhaps fatal allergic reaction could be brought on by the drugs abacavir, dolutegravir, and lamivudine. If you experience any of the following symptoms, call your doctor right away to find out if you should stop taking lamivudine, dolutegravir, and abacavir:

  • Group 1: fever
  • Group 2: rash
  • Group 3: abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhoea, or nausea
  • Group 4: overall malaise, excessive exhaustion, or ache
  • Group 5: wheezing, coughing, or sore throat

Additionally, if you have any of the following signs, notify your doctor right away: Itching, blistering, or peeling of the skin; headache; discomfort in the muscles or joints; swelling of the face, hands, feet, ankles, or lower legs; pain, burning, or tingling in the hands or feet; trouble breathing; red, swollen, itchy, or teary eyes; or sores in the mouth.

When you get your prescription, the pharmacist will give you a warning card to keep with you. The sets of symptoms indicated above are included on the Warning Card to make it simple for you and those around you to determine whether you are experiencing an allergic reaction. Make sure you always have this warning card on you.

Abacavir, dolutegravir, and lamivudine allergies may run in some families or be inherited by some individuals. Prior to starting abacavir, dolutegravir, and lamivudine or if you have never been tested, your doctor may request a genetic lab test to ascertain whether you are more prone to experience an allergic reaction to this medicine. If you are allergic to abacavir, dolutegravir, lamivudine, or any other medications that contain abacavir or dolutegravir, or if you are aware that you have a certain genetic composition, let your doctor and pharmacist know right away. If you have ever previously experienced an adverse response to abacavir (found in Epzicom, Trizivir, Ziagen), dolutegravir (Tivicay), or any other medicine containing abacavir or dolutegravir, tell your doctor before using this medication, Abacavir, dolutegravir, and lamivudine shouldn’t be taken, according to your doctor’s advice. Never take abacavir, dolutegravir, or lamivudine or a drug containing abacavir or dolutegravir again if your doctor instructs you to stop taking them because you experienced an allergic reaction. Do not start taking abacavir, dolutegravir, or lamivudine again until you have spoken to your doctor if you have stopped taking it for any other reason, such as missing many doses in a row or running out of medication. When you restart this drug, you’ll need to be near individuals who can get emergency medical help or call for it if it’s necessary.

If you have hepatitis B virus infection (HBV; a persistent liver infection) or hepatitis C virus infection, let your doctor know very once (HCV; an ongoing liver infection). If you have HBV and take abacavir, dolutegravir, and lamivudine, your condition could rapidly get worse if you suddenly stop taking these medications. After you stop taking abacavir, dolutegravir, and lamivudine, your doctor will perform routine physical exams and lab testing to check on your HBV infection for several months to see if it has gotten worse.

Keep all of your appointments with your physician and the lab. Your doctor will prescribe specific tests to see how your body reacts to lamivudine, dolutegravir, and abacavir.

When you begin treatment with abacavir, dolutegravir, and lamivudine as well as each time you refill your prescription, your doctor or pharmacist will provide you the manufacturer’s patient information sheet (Medication Guide). If you have any questions, carefully read the material and contact your doctor or pharmacist. The Medication Guide is also available on the manufacturer’s website or the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) website.

The dangers of taking lamivudine, dolutegravir, and abacavir should be discussed with your doctor.

Why is this medication prescribed?

Certain adults and children who weigh at least 88 lb are treated for HIV infection with the combination of abacavir, dolutegravir, and lamivudine either alone or in conjunction with other drugs (40 kg). The class of drugs known as nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) includes abacavir, lamivudine, and dolutegravir. The group of drugs known as integrase strand transfer inhibitors includes dolutegravir (INSTIs). They function by lowering the level of HIV in your blood and raising the quantity of immune cells that support your body’s defence against infections. Despite the fact that abacavir, dolutegravir, and lamivudine do not treat HIV, they may lessen your risk of getting AIDS and other HIV-related conditions like cancer and dangerous infections. The risk of contracting or spreading the HIV virus to others may be reduced by taking these medications, engaging in safer sexual behaviour, and changing other aspects of one’s lifestyle.

How should this medicine be used?

Abacavir, dolutegravir, and lamivudine are available as a pill that should be swallowed. The normal dosage is one dose per day, with or without food. Take your doses of lamivudine, dolutegravir, and abacavir at roughly the same time each day. Ask your doctor or pharmacist to explain any instructions on your prescription label that you are unsure about following. Exactly as prescribed, take lamivudine, dolutegravir, and abacavir. Never take it in larger or less amounts or more frequently than directed by your doctor.

Lamivudine, dolutegravir, and abacavir aid in the management of HIV infection but do not treat it. Even if you feel good, keep taking abacavir, dolutegravir, and lamivudine. Without consulting your doctor, do not discontinue taking lamivudine, dolutegravir, or abacavir.

Other uses for this medicine

Ask your doctor or pharmacist for more details if you believe this drug should be used for something else.

What special precautions should I follow?

Before taking abacavir, dolutegravir, and lamivudine,

  • If you have any allergies to abacavir, dolutegravir, lamivudine, other medications, or any of the substances in abacavir, dolutegravir, and lamivudine tablets, let your doctor and pharmacist know right once. For a list of the ingredients, consult the Medication Guide or speak with your pharmacist.
  • If you are on dofetilide, let your doctor know (Tikosyn). If you are taking this drug, your doctor will probably advise you to avoid taking abacavir, dolutegravir, and lamivudine.
  • Inform your doctor and pharmacist about any additional prescription and over-the-counter drugs, vitamins, or dietary supplements you are currently taking or intend to take. Incorporate any of the following: Other HIV medications include abacavir (in Epzicom, in Trizivir, Ziagen), dolutegravir (in Tivicay), efavirenz (in Sustiva, in Atripla), emtricitabine (in Atripla, in Complera, in Truvada, among others), etravirine (in Intelence), fosamprenavir (in Lexiva) taken with ritonavir (in Norvir), and la (Epivir, in Combivir, in Epzicom, in Trizivir, others), Tipravir (Aptivus) and nevirapine (Viramune) in combination with ritonavir (Norvir), metformin (Glumetza, Glucophage, Riomet), methadone (Dolophine, Methadose), oxcarbazepine (Oxtellar XR, Trileptal), phenobarbital, phenytoin (Dilantin, Phenytek), rifampin Your physician might need to adjust the dosage of your drugs or keep a close eye on you for side effects.
  • Abacavir, dolutegravir, and lamivudine should be taken at least two hours before or six hours after taking antacids, laxatives, or multivitamins that contain aluminium, magnesium, or calcium, calcium supplements, iron supplements, sucralfate (Carafate), or buffered drugs such buffered aspirin.
  • Please let your doctor know if you are taking any herbal supplements, especially St. John’s wort. St. John’s wort should not be used concurrently with the use of lamivudine, dolutegravir, or abacavir.
  • If you have liver illness now or ever had it, let your doctor know. Most likely, your physician will advise against using lamivudine, dolutegravir, and abacavir.
  • Inform your physician if you smoke, consume alcohol, or have ever had high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, heart disease, or renal disease.
  • If you are breastfeeding a child or intend to become pregnant, let your doctor know. Before beginning treatment, you must perform a pregnancy test. While taking abacavir, dolutegravir, and lamivudine, you shouldn’t get pregnant. Consult your doctor about reliable birth control options you can take while undergoing therapy. Call your doctor right once if you conceive while taking abacavir, dolutegravir, or lamivudine. The foetus could be harmed by dolutegravir.
  • Inform your doctor if you are nursing a child. If you have HIV or are taking abacavir, dolutegravir, or lamivudine, you shouldn’t breastfeed.
  • While taking abacavir, dolutegravir, and lamivudine, find out from your doctor whether it’s safe to consume alcohol-containing products and use alcohol-containing medications.
  • You should be aware that when you take HIV medicine, your immune system could become stronger and start to fight other infections that were already present in your body. You might begin to exhibit signs of those infections as a result of this. Tell your doctor right away if you experience any new or worsening symptoms while taking abacavir, dolutegravir, or lamivudine.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

Keep eating normally unless your doctor instructs you otherwise.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

If you miss a dosage, take it as soon as you recall. If the next dose is soon due, skip the missed one and carry on with your regular dosing plan. To make up for a missing dose, do not take a second one.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Some adverse effects can be very harmful. Call your doctor right away or seek emergency medical attention if you suffer any of the following symptoms or those listed in the IMPORTANT WARNING section:

  • Excessive fatigue, weakened feeling, lightheadedness, rapid or erratic heartbeat, muscle aches, stomach aches accompanied by nausea and vomiting, shortness of breath, or trouble breathing; feeling cold, especially in the arms or legs, or experiencing flu-like symptoms like a fever, chills, or cough
  • Dark yellow or brown urine, light-colored stools, yellowing of the skin or eyes, appetite loss, unusual bleeding or bruises, or upper right stomach pain

Other adverse effects could be brought on by lamivudine, dolutegravir, and abacavir. If you experience any strange issues while taking this medicine, contact your doctor right away.

You or your doctor can submit a report to the Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA) MedWatch Adverse Event Reporting programme online or by phone if you have a serious side event.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Keep this medication tightly closed in the original container and out of the reach of children. Store it away from excessive heat and moisture at room temperature (not in the bathroom). Keep the desiccant in its place; it is a tiny packet that is included with medications to absorb moisture.

As many containers (such as weekly pill minders and those for eye drops, creams, patches, and inhalers) are not child-resistant and are simple for young children to open, it is crucial to keep all medications out of sight and out of reach of children. Always lock safety caps and promptly stash medication up and away from young children where it is out of their sight and reach to prevent poisoning. http://www.upandaway.org

Unused prescriptions must be disposed of carefully to prevent pets, kids, and other people from ingesting them. You should not, however, dispose of this medication in the toilet. Instead, utilising a medicine take-back programme is the easiest approach to get rid of your medication. To find out about take-back programmes in your area, speak with your pharmacist or the garbage/recycling department in your city. If you do not have access to a take-back programme, see the FDA’s Safe Disposal of Medicines website at http://goo.gl/c4Rm4p for additional information.

In case of emergency/overdose

Call the poison control hotline at 1-800-222-1222 in the event of an overdose. Additionally, information can be found online at https://www.poisonhelp.org/help. Call 911 right once if the person has collapsed, experienced a seizure, is having difficulty breathing, or cannot be roused.

What other information should I know?

No one else should take your medication. Any queries you may have regarding medication refills should be directed to your pharmacist.

Abacavir, dolutegravir, and lamivudine should always be available. Do not put off getting a refill on your prescription until you are out of medicine.

You should keep a written record of every medication you take, including any over-the-counter (OTC) items, prescription drugs, and dietary supplements like vitamins and minerals. This list should be brought with you whenever you see a doctor or are admitted to the hospital. You should always have this information with you in case of emergencies.

Brand names

  • Triumeq®
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