WARNING

Aprocitentan is a medication primarily used to treat resistant hypertension (high blood pressure that does not respond well to standard treatments). The risks of taking Aprocitentan may include:

• Fluid Retention and Edema: It can cause fluid retention leading to swelling in the legs, ankles, or hands.
• Heart-related Issues: In patients with pre-existing heart conditions, it may increase the risk of heart failure.
• Liver Dysfunction: Aprocitentan may cause liver enzyme elevation, indicating potential liver damage.
• Low Blood Pressure (Hypotension): It may cause dizziness, lightheadedness, or fainting due to decreased blood pressure.
• Headaches: Commonly reported as a side effect.
• Interactions with Other Medications: It can interact with other blood pressure medications, diuretics, or medications that affect liver enzymes.

It’s essential to use Aprocitentan under medical supervision, especially in patients with pre-existing medical conditions. Regular monitoring of blood pressure, liver function, and signs of fluid retention is recommended.

Why is this medication prescribed?

Aprocitentan is primarily prescribed for the treatment of resistant hypertension, a condition where high blood pressure remains uncontrolled despite using three or more antihypertensive medications, including a diuretic. It works by blocking endothelin receptors, which play a significant role in regulating blood vessel constriction and blood pressure. By blocking these receptors, Aprocitentan helps relax blood vessels and reduce blood pressure.

How should this medicine be used?

How Aprocitentan Should Be Used:

• Dosage: Aprocitentan is typically taken orally, once a day, with or without food, as directed by a healthcare provider. The exact dosage depends on the patient’s medical condition and response to treatment.
• Administration: It is important to take Aprocitentan at the same time each day to maintain an even level in your blood.
• Monitoring: Regular monitoring of blood pressure, liver function, and signs of fluid retention is necessary while using Aprocitentan.
• Duration: Treatment duration will be determined by the prescribing physician, and it should not be stopped abruptly without medical advice.
• Do not skip doses: Consistent use is critical for managing blood pressure.
• Avoid certain medications: Inform your doctor about any other drugs you’re taking, as some medications may interact with Aprocitentan.
• Watch for side effects: Report any symptoms such as swelling, dizziness, or signs of liver issues to your doctor promptly.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions closely when taking Aprocitentan.

Other uses for this medicine

• Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH): A condition where there is high blood pressure in the arteries that supply the lungs.
• Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD): It may help in managing complications associated with CKD by lowering blood pressure and reducing proteinuria (excessive protein in the urine).

What special precautions should I follow?

Special Precautions to Follow for Aprocitentan:

• Monitor for Fluid Retention: Be aware of symptoms like swelling in the legs, ankles, or hands. Report any unusual weight gain or swelling to your doctor immediately, as this could indicate fluid retention or worsening heart failure.
• Check Liver Function Regularly: Aprocitentan can affect liver function. Regular blood tests to monitor liver enzymes are recommended to detect any potential liver damage early.
• Avoid During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Aprocitentan may cause harm to an unborn baby. Use effective contraception while taking this medication. Breastfeeding while using Aprocitentan is not recommended.
• Inform Your Doctor About Other Medications: Some medications may interact with Aprocitentan, such as other blood pressure medications, diuretics, or drugs affecting liver enzymes. Provide a complete list of all medications, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements.
• Be Cautious of Dizziness and Low Blood Pressure: This medication can cause dizziness, especially when standing up quickly. To reduce the risk of dizziness or fainting, get up slowly from a sitting or lying position.
• Avoid Alcohol: Alcohol may exacerbate the blood pressure-lowering effects and increase the risk of side effects like dizziness or fainting.
• Report Any Side Effects: Immediately report any symptoms such as dizziness, headache, or signs of liver problems (e.g., yellowing of the skin or eyes, dark urine) to your healthcare provider.

Always use Aprocitentan under the supervision of a healthcare professional who can provide personalized advice and monitoring based on your specific health condition.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

• Maintain a Low-Sodium Diet: A low-sodium diet may help prevent fluid retention, especially if you are at risk for swelling or have heart conditions.
• Avoid Excessive Caffeine and Alcohol: Both can affect blood pressure and may interfere with the effectiveness of Aprocitentan.
• Balanced Diet: Eat a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains to support overall cardiovascular health.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

• Take the Missed Dose as Soon as You Remember: If it is close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule.
• Do Not Double the Dose: Avoid taking two doses at once to make up for a missed dose, as this can increase the risk of side effects.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Aprocitentan may cause a range of side effects. While some side effects are mild and manageable, others may require medical attention. Here are the possible side effects:

Common Side Effects:

• Headache: One of the most frequently reported side effects.
• Dizziness or Lightheadedness: Especially when standing up quickly, due to the medication’s blood pressure-lowering effects.
• Nasal Congestion: A stuffy or runny nose may occur in some patients.
• Fatigue: A general feeling of tiredness or weakness.

Serious Side Effects:

• Fluid Retention and Edema: Swelling of the legs, ankles, or hands due to fluid retention, which may worsen in patients with heart failure.
• Low Blood Pressure (Hypotension): Can cause fainting, dizziness, or lightheadedness, particularly when changing positions quickly.
• Liver Dysfunction: Elevations in liver enzymes may occur, indicating potential liver damage. Signs include yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice), dark urine, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain.
• Anemia: Decrease in red blood cell count, which can lead to symptoms like fatigue, pale skin, or shortness of breath.
• Allergic Reactions: Such as rash, itching, swelling of the face, lips, or tongue, severe dizziness, or trouble breathing.
• Heart Problems: Especially in people with pre-existing heart conditions; symptoms can include chest pain, rapid heartbeat, or worsening shortness of breath.

If you experience any serious side effects or unusual symptoms while taking Aprocitentan, contact your healthcare provider immediately. Regular monitoring and communication with your healthcare provider can help manage and minimize side effects.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and Disposal of Aprocitentan:

Storage:

• Store Aprocitentan at room temperature, typically between 68°F to 77°F (20°C to 25°C). Keep it away from excess heat, moisture, and light.
• Keep the medication in its original container, tightly closed, and out of reach of children and pets.

Disposal:

• The best way to dispose of unused or expired Aprocitentan is through a drug take-back program. Many communities have programs or drop-off locations for safe disposal.
• If no take-back program is available, follow the specific disposal instructions provided by your pharmacist or doctor. Do not flush Aprocitentan down the toilet or pour it down the drain unless instructed to do so.

In case of emergency/overdose

• Overdose Symptoms: Signs of an overdose may include severe dizziness, lightheadedness, rapid or irregular heartbeat, and fainting.
• Contact Emergency Services: Call emergency services (911) immediately if you suspect an overdose.
• Inform Medical Personnel: Provide details about the medication, the amount taken, and the time of ingestion.
• Avoid Self-Treatment: Do not try to treat an overdose on your own. Seek professional medical help right away.

What other information should I know?

• Regular Monitoring: Regular check-ups with your healthcare provider are essential for monitoring blood pressure, liver function, and overall health while on Aprocitentan.
• Lifestyle Changes: Adopting a healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet and regular exercise, can enhance the effectiveness of Aprocitentan and help manage hypertension.
• Pregnancy and Contraception: Use effective contraception while taking Aprocitentan to prevent pregnancy, as it can harm an unborn baby.
• Communication: Keep open communication with your healthcare provider about any new or worsening symptoms, other medications you are taking, or any health changes.

Following these guidelines will help ensure safe and effective use of Aprocitentan. Always consult your healthcare provider for personalized advice and recommendations.