WARNING

Sparsentan is a medication primarily used to treat a rare kidney disorder called focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and IgA nephropathy. While it can be effective in managing these conditions, like any medication, it carries certain risks. Some potential risks of taking Sparsentan include:

• Hypotension: Sparsentan can cause low blood pressure, especially when starting the medication or increasing the dose. This may lead to symptoms like dizziness, lightheadedness, or fainting.
• Hyperkalemia: Sparsentan may increase potassium levels in the blood, which can be dangerous, particularly for individuals with pre-existing kidney problems.
• Renal Impairment: Sparsentan is primarily eliminated from the body through the kidneys. Therefore, individuals with impaired kidney function may experience higher levels of the medication in their system, potentially leading to adverse effects.
• Fetal Risk: Sparsentan may cause harm to a developing fetus if taken during pregnancy. It’s essential for women of childbearing age to use effective contraception while taking this medication.
• Liver Enzyme Elevation: Some individuals may experience an increase in liver enzymes while taking Sparsentan, which could indicate liver damage or dysfunction.
• Allergic Reactions: While rare, allergic reactions to Sparsentan can occur, leading to symptoms like rash, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing. Immediate medical attention is necessary if such symptoms arise.
• Interactions with Other Medications: Sparsentan may interact with other medications, potentially altering their effectiveness or increasing the risk of side effects. It’s crucial to inform your healthcare provider about all medications, supplements, and herbal remedies you’re taking.

As with any medication, the decision to use Sparsentan should be made in consultation with a healthcare professional who can weigh the potential benefits against the risks and monitor for any adverse effects during treatment.

Why is this medication prescribed?

Sparsentan is prescribed primarily for the treatment of rare kidney disorders, specifically focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy. These conditions can lead to kidney damage and impaired kidney function over time. Sparsentan works by blocking receptors for angiotensin II and endothelin-1, two substances in the body that can contribute to kidney damage and high blood pressure.

How should this medicine be used?

As for how Sparsentan should be used:

• Dosage: The dosage of Sparsentan can vary depending on factors such as the individual’s condition, kidney function, and response to treatment. It is typically started at a low dose and gradually increased as tolerated.
• Administration: Sparsentan is usually taken orally, in the form of tablets or capsules. It is typically taken once daily, with or without food.
• Follow Healthcare Provider’s Instructions: It’s essential to follow the specific instructions provided by your healthcare provider regarding the dosage and administration of Sparsentan. Do not adjust your dose or stop taking the medication without consulting your doctor.
• Regular Monitoring: Your healthcare provider may recommend regular monitoring of your kidney function, blood pressure, and potassium levels while taking Sparsentan to ensure it is working effectively and to monitor for any potential side effects.
• Compliance: It’s crucial to take Sparsentan exactly as prescribed, even if you feel well. Skipping doses or stopping the medication prematurely can reduce its effectiveness in controlling your condition.
• Concomitant Medications: Inform your healthcare provider about all medications, supplements, and herbal remedies you’re taking, as some medications may interact with Sparsentan, affecting its effectiveness or increasing the risk of side effects.
• Pregnancy and Contraception: If you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding, discuss the risks and benefits of taking Sparsentan with your healthcare provider. Effective contraception should be used during treatment with Sparsentan to prevent pregnancy-related risks.

Always consult your healthcare provider for personalized advice on the appropriate use of Sparsentan based on your individual medical history and condition.

Other uses for this medicine

While Sparsentan is primarily prescribed for the treatment of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy, it’s important to note that it may have potential applications in other kidney disorders or conditions associated with high blood pressure. However, its use in these other conditions would be considered off-label and should only be undertaken under the guidance of a healthcare professional.

What special precautions should I follow?

As for special precautions to follow when taking Sparsentan:

• Medical History: Inform your healthcare provider about your complete medical history, including any allergies, kidney problems, liver problems, heart conditions, or other medical conditions you may have.
• Pregnancy and Contraception: Sparsentan can cause harm to a developing fetus if taken during pregnancy. Therefore, it’s essential to use effective contraception while taking Sparsentan, and if you become pregnant or plan to become pregnant, discuss the risks and benefits of continuing Sparsentan with your healthcare provider.
• Breastfeeding: It is not known whether Sparsentan passes into breast milk. Consult your healthcare provider before breastfeeding while taking Sparsentan.
• Interactions: Inform your healthcare provider about all medications, supplements, and herbal remedies you’re taking, as Sparsentan may interact with other medications, potentially altering their effectiveness or increasing the risk of side effects.
• Regular Monitoring: Your healthcare provider may recommend regular monitoring of your kidney function, blood pressure, potassium levels, and liver enzymes while taking Sparsentan to ensure it is working effectively and to monitor for any potential side effects.
• Dizziness: Sparsentan may cause dizziness or lightheadedness, especially when standing up from a sitting or lying position. To minimize this risk, rise slowly from a sitting or lying position.
• Avoid Alcohol: Drinking alcohol while taking Sparsentan may exacerbate its side effects, such as dizziness or low blood pressure.
• Medical Emergencies: In the event of a medical emergency, such as severe allergic reactions or fainting, seek immediate medical attention and inform healthcare providers that you are taking Sparsentan.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and recommendations regarding the use of Sparsentan, and do not hesitate to ask any questions or voice any concerns you may have about the medication.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

Special dietary instructions for Sparsentan may include:

• Potassium-Rich Foods: Sparsentan may increase potassium levels in the blood. Your healthcare provider may advise you to avoid or limit consumption of potassium-rich foods like bananas, oranges, tomatoes, potatoes, and certain legumes.
• Salt Intake: Your healthcare provider may recommend limiting salt intake to help manage blood pressure and kidney function.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

If you forget a dose of Sparsentan:

• Take it as Soon as Possible: If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule.
• Don’t Double Up: Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one. Taking extra medication can increase the risk of side effects without providing additional benefits.
• Notify Your Healthcare Provider: If you frequently forget doses or have difficulty adhering to the dosing schedule, inform your healthcare provider. They may provide guidance or suggest strategies to help you remember to take your medication consistently.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Sparsentan, like any medication, can cause side effects in some individuals. Common side effects of Sparsentan may include:

• Low Blood Pressure (Hypotension): Sparsentan can cause a drop in blood pressure, leading to symptoms such as dizziness, lightheadedness, or fainting.
• High Potassium Levels (Hyperkalemia): Sparsentan may increase potassium levels in the blood, which can cause symptoms like weakness, fatigue, irregular heartbeat, or muscle cramps.
• Fatigue: Some people may experience fatigue or tiredness while taking Sparsentan.
• Headache: Headaches are a common side effect reported by some individuals taking Sparsentan.
• Dizziness: Sparsentan can cause dizziness, especially when standing up from a sitting or lying position.
• Cough: Some people may experience a dry or persistent cough while taking Sparsentan.
• Increased Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) Levels: Sparsentan may cause an increase in BUN levels, which can indicate kidney problems.
• Increased Serum Creatinine Levels: Serum creatinine levels may rise in some individuals taking Sparsentan, reflecting changes in kidney function.
• Elevated Liver Enzymes: Sparsentan can cause an increase in liver enzymes, indicating potential liver damage or dysfunction.
• Allergic Reactions: While rare, allergic reactions to Sparsentan can occur, leading to symptoms such as rash, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing. Seek immediate medical attention if you experience any signs of an allergic reaction.

It’s essential to note that not everyone will experience these side effects, and some individuals may experience side effects not listed here. If you experience any concerning or persistent side effects while taking Sparsentan, notify your healthcare provider. They can provide guidance on managing side effects or adjust your treatment regimen if necessary.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Regarding the storage and disposal of Sparsentan:

• Storage: Store Sparsentan at room temperature away from light and moisture. Avoid storing it in the bathroom or kitchen where it may be exposed to humidity. Keep it out of reach of children and pets.
• Disposal: Dispose of Sparsentan properly according to local regulations or guidelines. Do not flush it down the toilet or pour it into a drain unless instructed to do so. Check with your pharmacist or healthcare provider for guidance on the proper disposal method for unused or expired medication.

In case of emergency/overdose

In case of emergency or overdose of Sparsentan:

• Seek Medical Attention: If you suspect an overdose of Sparsentan or experience severe symptoms such as fainting, difficulty breathing, or irregular heartbeat, seek immediate medical attention or call your local poison control center.
• Symptom Management: While awaiting medical help, if the person is conscious and able to swallow, you may give them water to drink to help dilute the medication. Do not induce vomiting unless instructed to do so by medical personnel.

What other information should I know?

• Regular Monitoring: Your healthcare provider may recommend regular monitoring of kidney function, blood pressure, potassium levels, and liver enzymes while taking Sparsentan to ensure it is working effectively and to monitor for any potential side effects.
• Follow-up Visits: Attend follow-up visits with your healthcare provider as scheduled to assess your response to Sparsentan treatment and adjust the dosage or treatment plan if necessary.
• Lifestyle Modifications: Your healthcare provider may recommend lifestyle modifications such as dietary changes (e.g., reducing salt intake, limiting potassium-rich foods), regular exercise, and stress management techniques to complement Sparsentan treatment and improve overall health.
• Medication Adherence: Take Sparsentan exactly as prescribed by your healthcare provider. Do not adjust the dosage or stop taking the medication without consulting your doctor.
• Patient Assistance Programs: If you have difficulty affording Sparsentan, inquire with your healthcare provider or pharmaceutical company about patient assistance programs or discount cards that may help reduce the cost of the medication.

Always consult your healthcare provider or pharmacist if you have any questions or concerns about Sparsentan or its use.