Why is this medication prescribed?

Insulin Glargine (rDNA origin) is a type of long-acting insulin used to control blood sugar levels in people with diabetes. It is a synthetic form of human insulin produced using recombinant DNA technology. This medication is often prescribed to individuals with diabetes mellitus, both type 1 and type 2, to help manage their blood sugar levels.

Here’s why Insulin Glargine (rDNA origin) is prescribed:

• Control of Blood Sugar Levels: Insulin Glargine is a long-acting insulin that provides a steady release of insulin over an extended period, typically up to 24 hours. This helps in maintaining more stable blood sugar levels throughout the day and night.
• Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus: It is used for both type 1 diabetes (where the body does not produce insulin) and type 2 diabetes (where the body does not use insulin properly). In type 2 diabetes, it is often prescribed when other oral medications or short-acting insulins are not sufficient to control blood sugar.
• Prevention of Complications: Proper control of blood sugar levels helps in preventing complications associated with diabetes, such as kidney damage, nerve problems, and eye issues.

How should this medicine be used?

Insulin Glargine (rDNA origin) is a long-acting insulin that is typically administered as a subcutaneous injection. Here are general guidelines on how it should be used:

• Administration: Insulin Glargine is administered under the skin (subcutaneously). Common injection sites include the fatty tissue just under the skin of the abdomen, thigh, or upper arm. Rotate injection sites within the chosen region to minimize the risk of developing lumps or changes in the fatty tissue.
• Timing: It is usually taken once a day. The specific time of day for the injection can vary, but it is often recommended to be consistent with the timing to maintain a regular basal insulin level. Some people prefer to take it in the evening, while others may take it in the morning.
• Dosage: The dosage of Insulin Glargine is determined by the healthcare provider based on factors such as the individual’s weight, blood sugar levels, and overall health. Dosage adjustments may be made over time, and it’s essential to follow the prescribed dose.
• Monitoring: Regular monitoring of blood sugar levels is crucial to ensure that the insulin dosage is appropriate. Follow the healthcare provider’s recommendations for blood glucose monitoring frequency and report any significant changes.
• Storage: Insulin Glargine should be stored according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Generally, it should be kept in the refrigerator until opened. Once opened, it can typically be stored at room temperature for a certain period, as specified in the product’s instructions.
• Precautions: It’s important to follow all instructions provided by the healthcare provider, including any precautions or specific guidance related to the individual’s health condition. Be aware of signs of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) and hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) and know how to respond to them.
• Consultation with Healthcare Provider: Any concerns or questions about the use of Insulin Glargine should be discussed with the healthcare provider. If there are issues with injections, dosage adjustments, or if any side effects are experienced, it’s important to communicate with the healthcare team promptly.

Remember, the specific instructions for using Insulin Glargine may vary from person to person based on individual health needs and the healthcare provider’s recommendations. Always follow the guidance provided by the prescribing healthcare professional.

Other uses for this medicine

Insulin Glargine is primarily used for the management of diabetes, both type 1 and type 2. It is specifically designed as a long-acting insulin to provide a basal level of insulin throughout the day. Its use is not typically indicated for conditions other than diabetes. It’s important to note that using insulin for conditions other than diabetes should only be done under the guidance and supervision of a healthcare professional.

What special precautions should I follow?

Special Precautions for Insulin Glargine (rDNA origin) Injection:

• Hypoglycemia (Low Blood Sugar): One of the main risks associated with insulin therapy is hypoglycemia. Patients should be educated on recognizing and managing low blood sugar, which can be caused by factors such as excessive insulin dosage, delayed or missed meals, or increased physical activity.
• Hyperglycemia (High Blood Sugar): Regular monitoring of blood sugar levels is crucial to ensure that insulin doses are appropriate. High blood sugar levels may indicate the need for insulin dose adjustments.
• Allergic Reactions: Allergic reactions to insulin are rare but can occur. Patients should be aware of signs of allergic reactions, such as itching, swelling, or redness at the injection site, and report them to their healthcare provider.
• Insulin Dose Adjustments: The dosage of Insulin Glargine may need to be adjusted based on various factors, including changes in diet, physical activity, illness, or other medications. Any adjustments should be made under the guidance of a healthcare professional.
• Hypokalemia (Low Potassium): Insulin can cause a shift of potassium into cells, leading to low potassium levels in the blood. Healthcare providers may monitor potassium levels and adjust treatment if necessary.
• Renal or Hepatic Impairment: Patients with kidney or liver problems may require special consideration and dosage adjustments. Healthcare providers will assess the patient’s overall health and adjust the treatment plan accordingly.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Pregnant or breastfeeding individuals should consult with their healthcare provider. Insulin needs may change during pregnancy, and adjustments to the insulin regimen may be necessary.
• Storage and Handling: Insulin Glargine should be stored according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Improper storage can affect its potency.
• Other Medications: Some medications may interact with insulin, affecting blood sugar levels. It’s important to inform healthcare providers about all medications, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements.
• Regular Follow-up: Regular follow-up appointments with the healthcare provider are essential to monitor the effectiveness of treatment, adjust insulin doses as needed, and address any concerns or questions.

Individuals using Insulin Glargine should work closely with their healthcare team to ensure safe and effective management of their diabetes. Any concerns or side effects should be promptly reported to the healthcare provider for appropriate guidance.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

Special Dietary Instructions for Insulin Glargine (rDNA origin) Injection:

• Consistent Meal Timing: Aim to eat meals at consistent times each day to help regulate blood sugar levels.
• Balanced Diet: Follow a balanced diet with a mix of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Consult with a registered dietitian for personalized dietary advice.
• Carbohydrate Monitoring: Be mindful of carbohydrate intake, as it directly affects blood sugar levels. Consistent carbohydrate counting can help in insulin dosage adjustments.
• Alcohol Moderation: If you consume alcohol, do so in moderation and be aware of its potential impact on blood sugar levels.
• Regular Meals and Snacks: Try to eat regular meals and snacks to help maintain consistent energy levels and avoid large fluctuations in blood sugar.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

• Missed Dose: If you forget to take a dose of Insulin Glargine, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule.
• No Double Dosing: Do not double up on doses to make up for a missed one. Taking a double dose can increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
• Consult Healthcare Provider: If you have questions about missed doses or are unsure how to proceed, contact your healthcare provider for guidance.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Insulin Glargine (rDNA origin) is generally well-tolerated, but like any medication, it can cause side effects. Common side effects are usually mild and may include reactions at the injection site. Serious side effects are rare but can occur. It’s important to note that the benefits of controlling blood sugar levels with insulin generally outweigh the potential risks of side effects. If you experience any unusual or severe side effects, it’s crucial to contact your healthcare provider. Here are potential side effects associated with Insulin Glargine:

Common Side Effects:

• Injection Site Reactions:
  • Redness
  • Swelling
  • Itching
  • Pain or discomfort at the injection site
• Hypoglycemia (Low Blood Sugar): Symptoms may include shakiness, sweating, irritability, dizziness, fast heartbeat, and confusion.
• Weight Gain: Some individuals may experience weight gain while using insulin.

Less Common or Rare Side Effects:

• Hypersensitivity Reactions: Allergic reactions to insulin are rare but can occur. Symptoms may include rash, itching, and swelling, especially around the face and tongue. Severe reactions, such as anaphylaxis, are extremely rare but can be life-threatening.
• Lipodystrophy: Changes in the fatty tissue under the skin at the injection site, leading to lumps or indentations. Rotating injection sites can help minimize this risk.
• Fluid Retention: Insulin therapy, particularly at higher doses, may lead to sodium retention and fluid retention, especially in individuals with heart failure.
• Vision Changes: Some individuals may experience changes in vision, although this is rare.
• Low Potassium Levels (Hypokalemia): Insulin can cause a shift of potassium into cells, leading to low potassium levels in the blood. Healthcare providers may monitor potassium levels and adjust treatment if necessary.
• Injection Site Lipohypertrophy: Enlargement or thickening of the fatty tissue under the skin at the injection site. Rotating injection sites helps prevent this.
• Insulin Antibodies: Formation of antibodies against insulin, which may affect its effectiveness.
• Localized or Systemic Reactions: Uncommon but possible reactions, such as rash, itching, or difficulty breathing.

It’s important to note that the list above is not exhaustive, and individuals may respond differently to insulin therapy. If you experience any concerning or severe side effects, contact your healthcare provider promptly. Additionally, discuss any side effects or concerns with your healthcare team during regular follow-up appointments, as they can provide guidance and make necessary adjustments to your treatment plan.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage of Belumosudil:

• Store as Directed: Keep Belumosudil in its original packaging and store it as directed by the prescribing information. Typically, it is stored at room temperature, away from excessive heat and moisture.
• Keep Out of Reach of Children: Store medications in a location that is out of reach of children and pets.
• Avoid Sunlight: Protect the medication from direct sunlight.
• Do Not Freeze: Do not freeze Belumosudil unless instructed otherwise.

Disposal of Belumosudil:

• Follow Local Guidelines: Dispose of unused or expired medications following local guidelines or regulations for medication disposal. Do not flush medications down the toilet unless instructed to do so.
• Take-Back Programs: Some communities or pharmacies may have take-back programs for the safe disposal of medications. Check with your local authorities or pharmacy to see if such programs are available.
• Ask Your Pharmacist: Your pharmacist can provide guidance on the proper disposal of Belumosudil.

In case of emergency/overdose

• Hypoglycemia (Low Blood Sugar): An overdose of insulin can lead to hypoglycemia. Symptoms may include shakiness, sweating, irritability, dizziness, fast heartbeat, and confusion. If you suspect severe hypoglycemia, seek immediate medical attention.
• Treatment of Hypoglycemia: Treatment for hypoglycemia involves consuming a fast-acting source of glucose, such as fruit juice, candy, or glucose gel. If the person is unconscious or unable to swallow, emergency medical assistance is necessary. Healthcare providers may administer glucagon or intravenous glucose in severe cases.

What other information should I know?

• Regular Follow-up: Attend regular follow-up appointments with your healthcare provider to monitor your diabetes management, adjust insulin doses as needed, and address any concerns.
• Blood Glucose Monitoring: Regularly monitor your blood glucose levels, as directed by your healthcare provider, to assess the effectiveness of insulin therapy and make necessary adjustments.
• Communication with Healthcare Provider: Inform your healthcare provider about any changes in your health, including new medications, illnesses, or lifestyle factors that may affect your insulin needs.
• Travel Considerations: If you are traveling, plan ahead to ensure you have an adequate supply of insulin and necessary supplies. Keep insulin in a cool place and avoid exposing it to extreme temperatures.
• Medical Alert Bracelet: Consider wearing a medical alert bracelet or carrying a card that indicates you have diabetes and are using insulin. This information can be crucial in emergencies.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s specific instructions regarding the use, storage, and disposal of Insulin Glargine. If you have any questions or concerns, consult with your healthcare provider or pharmacist for personalized guidance.