WARNING

Aldesleukin, used primarily for treating certain types of cancer, carries significant risks:

• Serious Side Effects: It can cause severe side effects like low blood pressure, difficulty breathing, heart problems, and kidney issues. In some cases, these can be life-threatening.
• Immune System Overactivation: Aldesleukin works by stimulating the immune system, which can lead to dangerous inflammation in various organs, potentially resulting in organ failure.
• Infection Risk: Because it affects the immune system, there’s an increased risk of infections, which can be severe.
• Mental Health Effects: It may cause confusion, mood changes, or even more severe mental health issues like depression.

Due to these risks, Aldesleukin is usually administered in a hospital setting where patients can be closely monitored. It’s crucial to discuss the potential risks and benefits with your healthcare provider before starting treatment.

Why is this medication prescribed?

Aldesleukin, also known by its brand name Proleukin, is a medication used primarily for the treatment of certain types of cancer, including metastatic melanoma and renal cell carcinoma (kidney cancer). It is a type of immunotherapy that works by stimulating the body’s own immune system to attack cancer cells.

How should this medicine be used?

Here’s a general guideline for its application:

• Administration: Aldesleukin is administered intravenously (IV). The dosing schedule can vary depending on the specific condition being treated and the individual patient’s response.
• Dosage: The exact dosage and frequency are determined by a healthcare professional based on the patient’s overall health, the type of cancer, and how well the patient tolerates the medication. It’s usually given in a hospital or clinical setting due to its potential side effects and the need for close monitoring.
• Treatment Regimen: It is often given in cycles, with periods of treatment followed by rest periods to allow the body to recover. The treatment cycle can vary but often includes multiple doses over a few days followed by a rest period before the next cycle begins.
• Side Effects: Aldesleukin can have significant side effects, including flu-like symptoms, low blood pressure, kidney problems, and more severe reactions like capillary leak syndrome. Patients are closely monitored for these effects.
• Monitoring: Due to its potential side effects and the need for careful administration, patients typically receive Aldesleukin in a hospital setting where they can be closely monitored.

Always follow the guidance of a healthcare professional when receiving Aldesleukin or any other medication.

Other uses for this medicine

In addition to treating metastatic melanoma and renal cell carcinoma, Aldesleukin is being explored for other potential uses, such as:

• Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: Research is ongoing into its effectiveness for treating certain types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
• Other Cancers: Investigations continue into its efficacy against various other cancers and in combination with other therapies.

What special precautions should I follow?

Special Precautions for Aldesleukin:

• Monitoring: Due to its potential for serious side effects, Aldesleukin requires close monitoring. This includes checking for signs of severe reactions like capillary leak syndrome, which can cause fluid retention and low blood pressure.
• Hydration: Ensure adequate hydration to help manage potential side effects and reduce the risk of kidney problems.
• Pre-existing Conditions: Inform your healthcare provider about any pre-existing conditions, especially heart disease, lung problems, kidney issues, or autoimmune disorders, as these can affect how Aldesleukin is used.
• Infection Risk: Aldesleukin can weaken the immune system, increasing the risk of infections. Practice good hygiene and avoid exposure to infections.
• Drug Interactions: Inform your healthcare provider about all other medications and supplements you’re taking to avoid potential interactions.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Aldesleukin should be avoided during pregnancy and breastfeeding unless the potential benefits outweigh the risks. Discuss with your doctor if you are pregnant, plan to become pregnant, or are breastfeeding.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and attend all scheduled appointments for monitoring and follow-up during your treatment with Aldesleukin.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

• Hydration: Drink plenty of fluids to help prevent dehydration and support kidney function.
• Balanced Diet: Eat a well-balanced diet rich in nutrients to help support your overall health and recovery.
• Avoid Alcohol: Limit or avoid alcohol, as it can exacerbate side effects or interfere with the medication.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

• Contact Your Healthcare Provider: If you miss a dose, contact your healthcare provider or the medical facility where you receive treatment for guidance. They will provide instructions on whether you should take the missed dose or wait until the next scheduled dose.
• Do Not Double Up: Avoid taking an extra dose to make up for a missed dose without professional guidance, as this can increase the risk of side effects.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Aldesleukin can cause a range of side effects, some of which can be severe. Here are some common and serious side effects to be aware of:

Common Side Effects:

• Flu-like Symptoms: Fever, chills, and fatigue are common.
• Nausea and Vomiting: Gastrointestinal discomfort is frequently reported.
• Headache: Mild to moderate headaches may occur.
• Muscle and Joint Pain: Achiness or pain in muscles and joints.

Serious Side Effects:

• Capillary Leak Syndrome: Fluid leakage from blood vessels into surrounding tissues can lead to severe swelling, low blood pressure, and organ dysfunction.
• Kidney Problems: Changes in kidney function may occur, potentially leading to kidney failure.
• Heart Issues: Possible effects include arrhythmias, low blood pressure, and other heart-related symptoms.
• Lung Problems: Symptoms such as shortness of breath or fluid in the lungs.
• Liver Problems: Elevated liver enzymes or liver dysfunction.
• Severe Infections: Due to immunosuppression, the risk of infections is increased.
• Neuropsychiatric Effects: Rarely, mood changes, confusion, or hallucinations can occur.
• Monitoring: Regular monitoring of vital signs, kidney and liver function, and other relevant parameters is essential.
• Immediate Reporting: Report any severe or unusual symptoms to your healthcare provider immediately.

Managing and addressing these side effects promptly with the help of healthcare professionals can help mitigate risks and improve the overall treatment experience.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and Disposal of Aldesleukin:

• Storage:
  • Temperature: Aldesleukin should be stored in a refrigerator at 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F). Do not freeze.
  • Protection from Light: Store the medication away from light.
  • Check Expiration: Ensure that the medication is used before its expiration date. Do not use expired medication.
• Disposal:
  • Follow Instructions: Dispose of Aldesleukin according to your healthcare provider’s or local regulations. This often involves returning unused medication to a designated take-back program or pharmacy.
  • Do Not Flush: Avoid flushing medications down the toilet or pouring them down the sink unless specifically instructed to do so. This helps prevent environmental contamination.

In case of emergency/overdose

• Emergency Contact:
  • Seek Immediate Help: If you suspect an overdose or experience severe side effects, seek emergency medical attention immediately.
  • Contact Poison Control: In some cases, contacting poison control for advice can be useful.
• Symptoms of Overdose:
  • Severe Side Effects: Look for signs such as extreme fatigue, severe low blood pressure, significant fluid retention, or difficulty breathing.
  • Act Quickly: Immediate medical intervention is crucial to address any potential overdose effects.

What other information should I know?

• Regular Follow-Up: Attend all scheduled appointments for monitoring and follow-up to ensure the medication is working effectively and to manage any side effects.
• Communication: Keep open communication with your healthcare provider. Inform them of any new symptoms, side effects, or changes in your health status.
• Support Resources: Consider connecting with support groups or counseling services if needed, as dealing with cancer treatment can be challenging.
• Patient Information: Read all patient information provided with the medication and follow the instructions carefully.

Proper management and adherence to these guidelines can help ensure the safe and effective use of Aldesleukin.