Why is this medication prescribed?

Abemaciclib is prescribed as a treatment for certain types of breast cancer. It’s specifically used for hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer, and is often prescribed in combination with other medications like aromatase inhibitors or as a monotherapy in cases where other treatments aren’t suitable. Abemaciclib works by inhibiting cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) 4 and 6, which are involved in cancer cell growth and division. By blocking these proteins, abemaciclib can help slow or stop the growth of cancer cells.

How should this medicine be used?

Abemaciclib is typically taken orally in the form of tablets. The general guidelines for its use are:

• Dosage and Schedule: The usual dosage is 150 mg taken twice daily. It’s usually taken continuously, without interruption, but your doctor might adjust the dose based on your response and side effects.
• Administration: Take the tablets with or without food. It’s important to take them at the same times each day to help remember.
• Missed Dose: If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose; do not double up to make up for a missed dose.
• Monitoring: Regular follow-ups with your healthcare provider are important to monitor for side effects and assess the effectiveness of the treatment. Blood tests may be required to check for potential side effects like changes in blood counts or liver function.
• Interactions and Precautions: Inform your doctor about all other medications you’re taking, as some drugs can interact with abemaciclib. Also, certain health conditions might require special consideration.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions closely, as they will tailor the treatment plan to your specific situation.

Other uses for this medicine

Abemaciclib is primarily used for treating hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer. However, research is ongoing, and it might have potential uses in other types of cancer or in different treatment regimens.

What special precautions should I follow?

Special Precautions for Abemaciclib:

• Blood Counts: Abemaciclib can cause decreases in white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets, so regular blood tests are necessary to monitor these levels.
• Liver Function: The drug can affect liver function, so liver enzymes need to be monitored periodically. If you have pre-existing liver conditions, your doctor might adjust your dose or monitor you more closely.
• Diarrhea: Diarrhea is a common side effect of abemaciclib. It’s important to manage it promptly to avoid dehydration and electrolyte imbalances. Your doctor might prescribe medications to help control this side effect.
• Drug Interactions: Inform your healthcare provider about all other medications you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements, as some can interact with abemaciclib and affect its efficacy or increase side effects.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Abemaciclib is not recommended during pregnancy or breastfeeding due to potential harm to the fetus or infant. Use effective contraception during treatment and discuss any plans for pregnancy with your doctor.
• Pre-existing Conditions: Inform your doctor if you have any other medical conditions, especially those affecting the liver, kidneys, or bone marrow, as these might impact your treatment plan.

Always consult your healthcare provider for personalized advice and guidance on managing any specific concerns related to your treatment with abemaciclib.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

• Food Intake: Abemaciclib can be taken with or without food. Consistency in how you take it with regard to food can help maintain steady drug levels in your system.
• Hydration: Ensure you stay well-hydrated, especially if you experience diarrhea. Drinking plenty of fluids helps prevent dehydration.
• Avoid Grapefruit: Grapefruit and grapefruit juice can interact with Abemaciclib, potentially affecting its levels in the blood. It’s best to avoid grapefruit products unless your doctor advises otherwise.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

• If You Remember Soon: If you remember within a few hours of the missed dose, take it as soon as possible.
• If It’s Almost Time for the Next Dose: If it’s close to the time of your next dose, skip the missed dose. Do not double up to make up for a missed dose.
• Contact Your Doctor: If you’re unsure what to do or if you have missed multiple doses, contact your healthcare provider for guidance.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Abemaciclib can cause a range of side effects. Common and serious side effects include:

Common Side Effects:

• Diarrhea: Often occurs and can be severe. Managing it promptly is important to avoid dehydration.
• Nausea and Vomiting: Some people may experience gastrointestinal symptoms.
• Fatigue: Feeling unusually tired or weak.
• Loss of Appetite: Reduced desire to eat, which can lead to weight loss.
• Headache: General or persistent headaches may occur.
• Abdominal Pain: Discomfort or pain in the stomach area.
• Rash or Skin Reactions: May include redness, itching, or other skin issues.
• Hair Loss: Some people may experience thinning or loss of hair.

Serious Side Effects:

• Infections: Due to lowered white blood cell counts, you may be at higher risk for infections.
• Liver Problems: Symptoms of liver issues can include jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes), dark urine, or persistent nausea.
• Low Blood Counts: Anemia, thrombocytopenia (low platelet count), and leukopenia (low white blood cell count) can occur, increasing the risk of bleeding and infections.
• Severe Diarrhea or Dehydration: Can lead to serious complications if not managed properly.
• Pulmonary Embolism: Blood clots in the lungs, which can cause sudden shortness of breath or chest pain.

Always consult your healthcare provider if you experience any side effects, especially if they are severe or persistent. They can provide guidance on managing them and may adjust your treatment if needed.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and Disposal of Abemaciclib:

• Storage:
  • Keep it at Room Temperature: Store Abemaciclib tablets at room temperature, away from moisture and heat (generally between 68°F to 77°F or 20°C to 25°C).
  • Keep Away from Children: Ensure the medication is kept out of reach of children and pets.
• Disposal:
  • Do Not Flush: Do not flush Abemaciclib down the toilet or pour it into a drain unless instructed by your pharmacist.
  • Follow Local Guidelines: Dispose of unused or expired medications according to local guidelines or take them to a drug take-back program or a pharmacy that offers medication disposal services.

In case of emergency/overdose

• Contact Emergency Services: If you suspect an overdose, contact emergency medical services or go to the nearest emergency room immediately.
• Symptoms of Overdose: Overdose symptoms can vary but may include severe nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or unusual tiredness.
• Provide Information: When seeking emergency help, provide information about the medication, the amount taken, and the time of ingestion.

What other information should I know?

• Regular Monitoring: Regular follow-ups with your healthcare provider are essential to monitor side effects, blood counts, and liver function.
• Inform Healthcare Providers: Always inform all healthcare providers and pharmacists about your Abemaciclib treatment, including any other medications or supplements you are taking.
• Personal Medical History: Ensure that your healthcare provider is aware of your complete medical history, including any other conditions or treatments, to avoid potential interactions or complications.
• Contraception: If you are of childbearing potential, use effective contraception during treatment and discuss any plans for pregnancy with your doctor.
• Report Side Effects: Report any new or worsening symptoms to your healthcare provider as soon as possible.
• Emergency Contact: Keep the contact information for your healthcare provider handy in case of any questions or concerns.

Always follow the specific instructions provided by your healthcare provider and pharmacist for the safe use, storage, and disposal of your medication.