Why is this medication prescribed?

Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine that is commonly used for the treatment of various allergic reactions and symptoms. It is often prescribed to relieve symptoms such as itching, sneezing, runny nose, and watery eyes caused by allergies. Additionally, diphenhydramine is used to manage symptoms of motion sickness, as a sleep aid, in some cases, as part of the treatment for mild cases of Parkinson’s disease.

How should this medicine be used?

Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine that is commonly used to treat allergy symptoms, motion sickness, and as a sleep aid. However, it’s important to use it cautiously and according to the recommended guidelines, as misuse or overuse can lead to adverse effects. Always follow the instructions provided by your healthcare provider or the product’s label. Here are general guidelines for the use of diphenhydramine:

• Allergy Symptoms:
  • Adults and children over 12 years old: 25 to 50 mg every 4 to 6 hours as needed.
  • Children 6 to 12 years old: 12.5 to 25 mg every 4 to 6 hours as needed.
• Motion Sickness:
  • Adults and children over 12 years old: 25 to 50 mg every 4 to 6 hours as needed.
  • Children 6 to 12 years old: 12.5 to 25 mg every 4 to 6 hours as needed.
• Sleep Aid:
  • Adults: 50 mg 30 minutes before bedtime.
  • Do not use diphenhydramine as a sleep aid in children under 12 years old unless directed by a healthcare professional.
• Precautions: Avoid consuming alcohol while taking diphenhydramine, as it can increase drowsiness. Do not use diphenhydramine if you have a known allergy to it or similar medications. Do not use diphenhydramine for prolonged periods without consulting a healthcare professional.
• Special Populations: Pregnant and breastfeeding women should consult their healthcare provider before using diphenhydramine. Elderly individuals may be more sensitive to the sedative effects of diphenhydramine.
• Overdose and Side Effects: Be cautious not to exceed the recommended dosage, as overdosing can lead to serious side effects. Common side effects may include drowsiness, dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, and urinary retention.

If you have any concerns or questions about the appropriate use of diphenhydramine, it’s essential to consult with your healthcare provider. Additionally, if you experience severe side effects or suspect an overdose, seek medical attention immediately.

Other uses for this medicine

In addition to its primary uses for allergy symptoms, motion sickness, and as a sleep aid, diphenhydramine may have other off-label uses, but these should only be pursued under the guidance of a healthcare professional. Some examples of off-label uses may include managing nausea, itching, and certain extrapyramidal symptoms caused by medications.

What special precautions should I follow?

Special Precautions for Diphenhydramine:

• Medical History: Inform your healthcare provider about your medical history, especially if you have a history of asthma, glaucoma, heart problems, high blood pressure, seizures, liver disease, or urinary problems.
• Drug Interactions: Inform your healthcare provider about all the medications, supplements, and herbal products you are currently taking. Diphenhydramine may interact with certain medications, including other antihistamines, sedatives, tranquilizers, and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs).
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Pregnant and breastfeeding women should consult their healthcare provider before using diphenhydramine. While it is generally considered safe for short-term use during pregnancy, it’s essential to weigh the potential risks and benefits.
• Age Considerations: Use caution in the elderly, as they may be more susceptible to side effects such as drowsiness, dizziness, and urinary retention.
• Driving and Operating Machinery: Diphenhydramine can cause drowsiness and impair cognitive function. Avoid activities that require alertness, such as driving or operating heavy machinery, until you know how diphenhydramine affects you.
• Alcohol and Sedatives: Avoid consuming alcohol or taking other sedative medications while using diphenhydramine, as it can enhance the sedative effects.
• Allergic Reactions: If you experience signs of an allergic reaction, such as rash, itching, swelling, severe dizziness, or difficulty breathing, seek immediate medical attention.

Always follow the prescribed dosage and guidelines provided by your healthcare provider or as indicated on the product label. If you have any concerns or experience adverse effects, contact your healthcare professional promptly.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

There are no specific dietary restrictions associated with diphenhydramine. However, it’s essential to maintain a healthy and balanced diet to support overall well-being.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

If you miss a dose of diphenhydramine, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double up on doses to make up for a missed one.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Diphenhydramine, like any medication, can cause side effects. Common side effects may include:

• Drowsiness: Diphenhydramine is known for its sedative effects and may cause drowsiness. It is often used as a sleep aid for this reason.
• Dry Mouth: Reduced saliva production can lead to a dry or sticky feeling in the mouth.
• Blurred Vision: Diphenhydramine may cause temporary blurred vision or difficulty focusing.
• Constipation: Some individuals may experience constipation as a side effect.
• Urinary Retention: Diphenhydramine can affect the ability to urinate, particularly in older adults or individuals with pre-existing urinary issues.
• Dizziness or Lightheadedness: Changes in blood pressure can result in feelings of dizziness or lightheadedness.
• Upset Stomach: Some people may experience mild gastrointestinal discomfort.
• Confusion (especially in the elderly): Diphenhydramine can cause confusion, especially in older individuals.

Serious side effects are less common but may include:

• Allergic Reactions: Some people may be allergic to diphenhydramine, leading to symptoms such as rash, itching, swelling, severe dizziness, or difficulty breathing. Seek immediate medical attention if you experience these symptoms.
• Difficulty Breathing: In rare cases, diphenhydramine can cause difficulty breathing or tightness in the chest.
• Irregular Heartbeat or Palpitations: Some individuals may experience changes in heart rhythm.
• Seizures (very rare): There have been rare reports of seizures associated with diphenhydramine use.

If you experience severe or persistent side effects, it’s crucial to seek medical attention promptly. Additionally, if you have any concerns about the side effects of diphenhydramine, discuss them with your healthcare provider. They can provide guidance on whether the benefits of the medication outweigh the potential risks in your specific case.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and Disposal of Diphenhydramine:

• Storage:
  • Store diphenhydramine at room temperature, away from moisture, heat, and light.
  • Keep the medication out of reach of children and pets.
  • Do not store it in the bathroom, as the moisture and humidity can affect the stability of the medication.
• Disposal:
  • Dispose of expired or unused diphenhydramine properly.
  • Follow any specific disposal instructions provided by your healthcare provider or pharmacist.
  • Do not flush medications down the toilet unless instructed to do so. Check with your local pharmacy or government for proper disposal methods, such as a drug take-back program.

In case of emergency/overdose

In case of emergency or overdose, contact your local poison control center (1-800-222-1222 in the United States) or seek emergency medical attention immediately. Symptoms of diphenhydramine overdose may include severe drowsiness, hallucinations, seizures, widened pupils, flushing, fever, shaking, difficulty breathing, or unconsciousness.

What other information should I know?

• Follow Instructions: Always take diphenhydramine exactly as directed by your healthcare provider or as indicated on the product label. Do not exceed the recommended dosage.
• Inform Healthcare Provider: Inform your healthcare provider about all the medications, supplements, and herbal products you are taking to avoid potential drug interactions.
• Avoid Alcohol: Limit or avoid alcohol consumption while using diphenhydramine, as it can enhance the sedative effects.
• Driving and Machinery: Be cautious when engaging in activities that require alertness, such as driving or operating heavy machinery, as diphenhydramine can cause drowsiness.
• Allergies: If you have a known allergy to diphenhydramine or any other antihistamines, inform your healthcare provider.
• Medical Conditions: Inform your healthcare provider about any pre-existing medical conditions, especially asthma, glaucoma, heart problems, high blood pressure, seizures, liver disease, or urinary problems.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Consult your healthcare provider before using diphenhydramine if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.
• Interactions: Be aware of potential drug interactions with other medications you may be taking. Always check with your healthcare provider or pharmacist.

If you have any concerns or questions about diphenhydramine or its use, consult your healthcare provider for personalized advice and guidance.