Why is this medication prescribed?

Recombinant Human Deoxyribonuclease (rhDNase), commonly known as dornase alfa, is primarily prescribed for the treatment of cystic fibrosis, a genetic disorder that affects the respiratory and digestive systems. Cystic fibrosis leads to the production of thick and sticky mucus in the airways, causing breathing difficulties and increasing the risk of respiratory infections. RhDNase is used to improve respiratory symptoms by breaking down the DNA in the mucus, reducing its viscosity, and making it easier to clear from the airways.

How should this medicine be used?

The usage of Recombinant Human Deoxyribonuclease (rhDNase), also known as dornase alfa, typically involves inhalation using a nebulizer. Here are general instructions on how rhDNase is commonly used:

• Prepare the Nebulizer: Wash your hands thoroughly before handling the nebulizer and medication. Ensure that the nebulizer is clean and dry. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for cleaning and maintenance.
• Prepare the Medication: If the medication comes in a vial, follow the instructions to reconstitute the solution if necessary. Place the prescribed dose of rhDNase into the nebulizer chamber.
• Connect the Nebulizer: Assemble the nebulizer according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Connect the nebulizer to the air compressor.
• Inhalation:
  • Sit in an upright position.
  • Breathe normally while inhaling the mist created by the nebulizer.
  • Use a mouthpiece or a face mask, as recommended by your healthcare provider.
• Complete the Treatment: Continue the inhalation until the medication is depleted or until your healthcare provider instructs you to stop. The process usually takes about 10-15 minutes.
• Cleaning and Maintenance: After each use, clean the nebulizer according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Avoid sharing nebulizers to prevent the risk of infection.
• Frequency and Timing: Use rhDNase as prescribed by your healthcare provider. The frequency and timing of administration can vary, but it’s often recommended once or twice a day.
• Follow Healthcare Provider’s Guidance: Always follow the specific instructions provided by your healthcare provider or pharmacist. Inform your healthcare provider if you experience any side effects or if you have difficulty using the nebulizer.

Remember that these are general guidelines, and individual instructions may vary. It’s crucial to follow your healthcare provider’s recommendations closely. If you have any questions or concerns about the use of rhDNase, don’t hesitate to consult with your healthcare provider or pharmacist for clarification and guidance.

Other uses for this medicine

Recombinant Human Deoxyribonuclease (rhDNase), commonly known as dornase alfa, is primarily used for the treatment of cystic fibrosis. However, its use is generally limited to this specific condition. There is no widely accepted evidence or indication for its use in other medical conditions.

What special precautions should I follow?

Regarding special precautions, it’s important to note the following:

• Cystic Fibrosis Only:  RhDNase is specifically designed and approved for use in individuals with cystic fibrosis to improve respiratory symptoms associated with thick and sticky mucus in the airways.
• Prescription and Supervision: RhDNase is a prescription medication, and its use should be supervised by a healthcare professional. Do not use rhDNase without the guidance and prescription of your healthcare provider.
• Allergies: Inform your healthcare provider about any known allergies, especially if you have had a previous allergic reaction to rhDNase or any of its components.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: If you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding, discuss the risks and benefits of using rhDNase with your healthcare provider.
• Interactions with Other Medications: Inform your healthcare provider about all the medications, including prescription and over-the-counter drugs, as well as supplements, that you are currently taking. This is important to ensure there are no potential interactions with rhDNase.
• Adverse Reactions: Be aware of potential side effects and adverse reactions associated with rhDNase. Common side effects may include respiratory tract infections, voice alteration, and pharyngitis.
• Nebulizer Use: RhDNase is typically administered through a nebulizer. Follow the specific instructions provided by your healthcare provider and the manufacturer of the nebulizer for proper use, cleaning, and maintenance.
• Regular Monitoring: Regularly attend follow-up appointments with your healthcare provider for monitoring of your condition and to assess the effectiveness of the treatment.

Always consult with your healthcare provider for personalized advice and guidance based on your individual health status. If you have any concerns or experience unexpected side effects while using rhDNase, contact your healthcare provider promptly.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

• If you forget a dose of rhDNase, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule.
• Do not double up on doses to make up for a missed one.
• If you are unsure about what to do, or if you have missed multiple doses, contact your healthcare provider for guidance.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

• Missed One Pill: Take the missed pill as soon as you remember. Take the next pill at the usual time. This may mean taking two pills on the same day. Use a backup method of contraception (e.g., condoms) for the next 7 days.
• Missed Two Pills in a Row: Take two pills on the day you remember and two pills the next day. Use a backup method of contraception for the next 7 days.
• Missed Three or More Pills: Contact your healthcare provider. You may need to start a new pack and use a backup method of contraception for 7 days.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Recombinant Human Deoxyribonuclease (rhDNase), also known as dornase alfa, can cause various side effects. It’s important to note that not everyone will experience these side effects, and some individuals may experience side effects not listed here. Common side effects include:

• Respiratory Tract Infections: The most common side effect is an increased risk of respiratory tract infections. This may include symptoms such as cough, fever, and congestion.
• Voice Alteration: Some individuals may experience changes in voice, including hoarseness.
• Pharyngitis (Sore Throat): RhDNase use may be associated with throat irritation or sore throat.
• Nasal Congestion: RhDNase may cause nasal congestion in some individuals.
• Rash: Skin rash or irritation may occur in some cases.
• Chest Pain: Chest pain or discomfort has been reported in rare instances.

It’s important to contact your healthcare provider if you experience severe or persistent side effects. Additionally, some individuals may be at an increased risk of adverse reactions. Inform your healthcare provider if you have a history of allergies, especially if you have had a previous allergic reaction to rhDNase or any of its components.

While these side effects are possible, it’s essential to weigh the potential benefits of rhDNase in managing cystic fibrosis symptoms against the risks of side effects. Your healthcare provider will consider your individual health status and provide guidance on the appropriate use of the medication.

If you have concerns about side effects or experience any unexpected symptoms while using rhDNase, do not hesitate to reach out to your healthcare provider for advice and assistance. They can provide personalized information based on your medical history and current health condition.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and Disposal of Recombinant Human Deoxyribonuclease (rhDNase):

• Storage:
  • Follow the storage instructions provided by the manufacturer and your healthcare provider.
  • Typically, rhDNase is stored in the refrigerator. Do not freeze it.
  • Keep the medication in its original packaging until ready to use to protect it from light.
• Expiration Date:
  • Check the expiration date on the medication, and do not use it if it has expired.
• Disposal:
  • Dispose of unused or expired rhDNase according to local regulations and guidelines.
  • Do not flush medications down the toilet unless instructed to do so.
  • Consult your healthcare provider, pharmacist, or local waste disposal authorities for guidance on proper disposal.

In case of emergency/overdose

• In case of an emergency or if you suspect an overdose, seek medical attention immediately.
• Contact your local poison control center or emergency room for assistance.
• If possible, have information about the medication, including its name and dosage, available for the healthcare professionals.

What other information should I know?

• Regular Monitoring: Attend regular follow-up appointments with your healthcare provider for monitoring of your cystic fibrosis and to assess the effectiveness of the treatment.
• Communication: Communicate openly with your healthcare provider about any concerns, side effects, or changes in your health.
• Patient Education: Understand the proper technique for using the nebulizer and administering rhDNase. If you have any questions, seek clarification from your healthcare provider or pharmacist.
• Interactions: Inform your healthcare provider about all medications, including prescription and over-the-counter drugs, as well as supplements, that you are taking to avoid potential interactions.
• Allergies: Be aware of any allergies you may have, especially to rhDNase or its components, and inform your healthcare provider.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Discuss the use of rhDNase with your healthcare provider if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding.

Always follow the specific instructions provided by your healthcare provider and the manufacturer. If you have any questions or concerns about the use, storage, or disposal of rhDNase, consult with your healthcare provider or pharmacist for personalized guidance.