Why is this medication prescribed?

Oseltamivir, commonly known by the brand name Tamiflu, is an antiviral medication primarily prescribed for the treatment and prevention of influenza, commonly referred to as the flu. It belongs to a class of drugs called neuraminidase inhibitors.

Oseltamivir is effective against both influenza A and influenza B viruses. It works by inhibiting the activity of the neuraminidase enzyme, which is involved in the release of newly formed viruses from infected cells. By blocking this enzyme, oseltamivir helps to reduce the spread of the virus within the body, which can lessen the severity and duration of flu symptoms.

When prescribed for treatment, oseltamivir is usually initiated within 48 hours of the onset of flu symptoms. It can help alleviate symptoms such as fever, cough, sore throat, nasal congestion, and body aches. It may also reduce the risk of complications associated with the flu, particularly in individuals at higher risk, such as the elderly, young children, and those with certain medical conditions.

Oseltamivir can also be prescribed as a preventive measure in certain situations. For example, it may be given to individuals who have been in close contact with someone diagnosed with the flu, such as household members or healthcare workers. It can help reduce the likelihood of developing the flu or mitigate the severity if infection occurs.

How should this medicine be used?

Oseltamivir, or Tamiflu, should be used according to the instructions provided by your healthcare professional or as stated on the medication label. Here are some general guidelines for the use of oseltamivir:

• Timing: Oseltamivir is most effective when started within 48 hours of the onset of flu symptoms. It is recommended to begin treatment as soon as possible after symptoms appear.
• Dosage: The dosage of oseltamivir will depend on several factors, including the age of the patient, the severity of symptoms, and whether it is being used for treatment or prevention. Follow the prescribed dosage exactly as instructed by your healthcare professional.
• Duration of treatment: For treatment of the flu, the usual duration of oseltamivir therapy is five days. However, the duration may vary based on individual circumstances, so it’s important to follow your healthcare professional’s instructions.
• Administration: Oseltamivir is available in oral capsule form and as a powder for oral suspension. Take the medication exactly as directed. If using capsules, swallow them whole with water. If using the oral suspension, follow the instructions for reconstitution and use a measuring device to ensure accurate dosing.
• Compliance: Complete the full course of oseltamivir treatment, even if you start feeling better before the prescribed duration is over. Stopping the medication early may reduce its effectiveness.
• Prevention: If oseltamivir is prescribed for preventive purposes, such as after close contact with an individual diagnosed with the flu, follow the recommended dosage and duration as instructed by your healthcare professional.
• Other medications: Inform your healthcare professional about any other medications you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements, as they may interact with oseltamivir.

It’s essential to consult with a healthcare professional for personalized instructions on the use of oseltamivir, as they will consider your specific medical condition and circumstances. They can provide you with the most accurate and up-to-date information regarding dosage, timing, and potential side effects.

Other uses for this medicine

Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) is primarily used for the treatment and prevention of influenza (flu). However, there are no other approved medical uses for oseltamivir beyond its antiviral activity against the influenza virus.

What special precautions should I follow?

As for special precautions, here are some important considerations when using oseltamivir:

• Allergic reactions: If you have a known allergy to oseltamivir or any of its components, inform your healthcare professional before taking the medication. Allergic reactions to oseltamivir are rare but can occur.
• Kidney function: Oseltamivir is primarily eliminated from the body through the kidneys. If you have impaired kidney function, your healthcare professional may need to adjust the dosage of oseltamivir accordingly. Inform your healthcare professional if you have any kidney problems or if you are undergoing dialysis.
• Pregnancy and breastfeeding: The use of oseltamivir during pregnancy or while breastfeeding should be discussed with a healthcare professional. They can evaluate the potential risks and benefits based on your individual situation.
• Concurrent medical conditions: Inform your healthcare professional about any underlying medical conditions you have, such as kidney disease, liver disease, respiratory disorders, or any other significant health issues. They can assess if oseltamivir is suitable for you and if any dosage adjustments or additional monitoring are necessary.
• Drug interactions: Oseltamivir may interact with certain medications, including probenecid, which can affect the elimination of oseltamivir from the body. Inform your healthcare professional about all the medications, supplements, and herbal products you are taking to avoid potential drug interactions.
• Side effects: While oseltamivir is generally well-tolerated, it can cause side effects in some individuals. Common side effects may include nausea, vomiting, headache, and abdominal pain. If you experience any severe or persistent side effects, contact your healthcare professional.

It’s important to follow the instructions provided by your healthcare professional and read the medication leaflet for complete information on precautions, warnings, and potential side effects specific to oseltamivir.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

There are no specific dietary restrictions associated with the use of oseltamivir (Tamiflu). You can take oseltamivir with or without food, as directed by your healthcare professional. However, if you experience nausea or stomach upset after taking oseltamivir, you may find it helpful to take it with food.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

If you forget to take a dose of oseltamivir, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is close to the time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Oseltamivir, commonly known by its brand name Tamiflu, is an antiviral medication primarily used to treat and prevent influenza (flu) infections. While it is generally well-tolerated, like any medication, it can cause certain side effects. Common side effects of oseltamivir include:

• Nausea: This is the most frequently reported side effect, and it may be accompanied by vomiting.
• Headache: Some individuals may experience headaches while taking oseltamivir.
• Gastrointestinal disturbances: Other gastrointestinal side effects may include abdominal pain, diarrhea, and indigestion.
• Neuropsychiatric symptoms: In rare cases, oseltamivir has been associated with neuropsychiatric symptoms such as delirium, hallucinations, confusion, and self-injury. These side effects are more commonly observed in pediatric patients.
• Allergic reactions: Although rare, some individuals may develop an allergic reaction to oseltamivir. Symptoms may include rash, itching, swelling, and difficulty breathing.

It’s important to note that these side effects are not exhaustive, and some individuals may experience different or additional reactions. If you are prescribed oseltamivir and experience any concerning side effects, it is recommended to consult your healthcare provider for further evaluation and guidance.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage:

• Store oseltamivir at room temperature, away from moisture and heat.
• Keep the medication in its original container, tightly closed.
• Do not freeze oseltamivir oral suspension (liquid form). If it becomes frozen, allow it to thaw at room temperature before using.

Disposal:

• Properly dispose of any unused oseltamivir or expired medication.
• Follow local guidelines or regulations regarding the disposal of medications.
• Do not flush oseltamivir down the toilet or pour it into a drain unless specifically instructed to do so.

In case of emergency/overdose

In case of emergency or overdose, it is crucial to seek immediate medical attention. Contact your local emergency services or go to the nearest emergency room. It is helpful to provide as much information as possible, including the medication name (oseltamivir/Tamiflu), dosage, and the amount taken.

What other information should I know?

• Effectiveness: Oseltamivir is most effective when started within 48 hours of flu symptoms appearing. It can help reduce the duration and severity of flu symptoms but is not a substitute for annual flu vaccination.
• Duration of treatment: The typical course of oseltamivir treatment for adults is 5 days, but it may vary depending on the severity of the illness and the healthcare provider’s recommendation.
• Drug interactions: Inform your healthcare provider about all the medications you are taking, including prescription, over-the-counter, and herbal products, as some drugs may interact with oseltamivir.
• Allergies and medical conditions: Inform your healthcare provider if you have any known allergies or medical conditions, especially kidney disease or any history of neuropsychiatric disorders.
• Compliance with the prescribed dosage: Follow the prescribed dosage and duration of treatment as directed by your healthcare provider, even if you start feeling better before completing the full course.

Always consult your healthcare provider or pharmacist for specific instructions, and refer to the medication’s package insert for more detailed information about oseltamivir.