WARNING

Glucovance is a medication commonly prescribed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. It contains a combination of two active ingredients: glyburide (a sulfonylurea) and metformin (a biguanide). While Glucovance can be effective in managing blood sugar levels, like any medication, it carries certain risks. Here are some of the potential risks associated with taking Glucovance:

• Hypoglycemia: Glyburide, one of the components of Glucovance, can lower blood sugar levels too much, leading to hypoglycemia (low blood sugar). This can cause symptoms such as sweating, shakiness, dizziness, confusion, and in severe cases, loss of consciousness or seizures.
• Gastrointestinal side effects: Metformin, another component of Glucovance, can cause gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal discomfort. These side effects usually improve over time but can be bothersome for some individuals.
• Lactic acidosis: This is a rare but serious side effect of metformin. It occurs when there is an accumulation of lactic acid in the blood, which can lead to symptoms such as weakness, fatigue, difficulty breathing, abdominal pain, and irregular heartbeat. Lactic acidosis requires immediate medical attention.
• Allergic reactions: Some people may experience allergic reactions to Glucovance, which can manifest as skin rash, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing. Allergic reactions should be reported to a healthcare provider promptly.
• Liver function: Both glyburide and metformin can affect liver function. Patients with pre-existing liver disease may require careful monitoring while taking Glucovance.
• Kidney function: Metformin is excreted by the kidneys, so individuals with impaired kidney function may be at higher risk of adverse effects. Dosing adjustments may be necessary in these cases.
• Vitamin B12 deficiency: Long-term use of metformin has been associated with a decrease in vitamin B12 levels, which can lead to symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, and neurological problems.

It’s important for individuals taking Glucovance to be aware of these potential risks and to discuss any concerns with their healthcare provider. They should also follow their healthcare provider’s instructions closely and undergo regular monitoring to minimize the risks associated with this medication.

Why is this medication prescribed?

Glucovance is prescribed for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is typically recommended when diet and exercise alone are not sufficient to control blood sugar levels. Glucovance combines two medications: glyburide, which stimulates the pancreas to release insulin, and metformin, which decreases the amount of glucose produced by the liver and improves insulin sensitivity in the body’s tissues.

The primary goals of prescribing Glucovance are to:

• Lower blood sugar levels: Glucovance helps to reduce elevated blood glucose levels by increasing insulin production and decreasing glucose production in the liver.
• Improve glycemic control: By regulating blood sugar levels, Glucovance helps to prevent complications associated with uncontrolled diabetes, such as kidney damage, nerve damage, eye problems, and cardiovascular disease.
• Enhance insulin sensitivity: Metformin, one of the components of Glucovance, helps the body’s tissues become more responsive to insulin, which improves glucose uptake and utilization.
• Reduce the risk of hyperglycemia-related symptoms: By maintaining stable blood sugar levels, Glucovance can help alleviate symptoms associated with hyperglycemia, such as excessive thirst, frequent urination, fatigue, and blurred vision.

Overall, Glucovance is prescribed to help individuals with type 2 diabetes manage their condition effectively and reduce the risk of complications associated with uncontrolled blood sugar levels. However, it’s important for patients to work closely with their healthcare provider to monitor their blood sugar levels and adjust their treatment plan as needed.

How should this medicine be used?

Glucovance should be used exactly as prescribed by a healthcare provider. Here are general guidelines for using Glucovance:

• Dosage: The dosage of Glucovance is determined by a healthcare provider based on factors such as the patient’s blood sugar levels, response to treatment, and other medical conditions. It is usually taken as tablets, once or twice daily with meals to reduce the risk of gastrointestinal side effects.
• Follow Instructions: Patients should follow their healthcare provider’s instructions carefully regarding the timing and dosage of Glucovance. Do not take more or less of the medication than prescribed, and do not skip doses.
• Monitoring: Regular monitoring of blood sugar levels is important while taking Glucovance. This helps to ensure that the medication is effectively controlling blood sugar levels and allows for adjustments to the treatment plan if needed.
• Diet and Exercise: Glucovance should be used in conjunction with a healthy diet and regular exercise as part of an overall diabetes management plan. Patients should follow dietary recommendations provided by their healthcare provider and engage in regular physical activity to help control blood sugar levels.
• Avoid Alcohol: Alcohol can interact with Glucovance and increase the risk of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar). Patients should limit their alcohol intake or avoid it altogether while taking Glucovance.
• Medical Alert: Patients should wear a medical alert bracelet or carry a medical identification card indicating that they are taking Glucovance in case of emergencies.
• Regular Check-ups: Patients should have regular check-ups with their healthcare provider to monitor their diabetes management and discuss any concerns or changes in symptoms.

It’s important for patients to communicate openly with their healthcare provider about their diabetes management, including any difficulties or side effects experienced while taking Glucovance. Adjustments to the treatment plan may be necessary to ensure optimal control of blood sugar levels and minimize the risk of complications.

Other uses for this medicine

There are some off-label uses of Glucovance that may be considered in certain situations, such as:

• Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): Glucovance may be used off-label in some cases of PCOS to help regulate menstrual cycles and improve insulin sensitivity, which can help manage symptoms associated with PCOS such as irregular periods and infertility.
• Gestational diabetes: In some cases, Glucovance may be prescribed off-label during pregnancy to help control blood sugar levels in women with gestational diabetes. However, the safety of Glucovance during pregnancy is not well-established, and alternative treatments may be preferred.

What special precautions should I follow?

Special precautions should be followed when using Glucovance, including:

• Hypoglycemia awareness: Glucovance can cause hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), especially if taken with other diabetes medications or if not enough food is consumed. Patients should be aware of the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia, such as sweating, shakiness, dizziness, confusion, and hunger, and know how to treat it with fast-acting carbohydrates such as glucose tablets or juice.
• Kidney function: Glucovance contains metformin, which is excreted by the kidneys. Patients with impaired kidney function may be at higher risk of lactic acidosis, a rare but serious side effect of metformin. Kidney function should be assessed before starting Glucovance and monitored regularly during treatment.
• Liver function: Glucovance contains glyburide, which can affect liver function. Patients with liver disease may require dose adjustments or closer monitoring while taking Glucovance.
• Heart disease: Glucovance may increase the risk of cardiovascular events in some patients. It should be used with caution in patients with a history of heart disease or other cardiovascular risk factors.
• Alcohol: Consumption of alcohol while taking Glucovance can increase the risk of hypoglycemia. Patients should limit alcohol intake and be cautious when consuming alcoholic beverages.
• Surgery: Glucovance should be discontinued temporarily before scheduled surgery or medical procedures requiring fasting, as the risk of hypoglycemia may be increased during these times.

Patients should discuss any concerns or questions about Glucovance with their healthcare provider, and they should always follow their provider’s instructions and recommendations for safe and effective use of the medication.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

Special dietary instructions for Glucovance include:

• Consistent carbohydrate intake: Maintain a consistent carbohydrate intake throughout the day to help regulate blood sugar levels. Work with a registered dietitian to develop a meal plan that meets your nutritional needs and fits your diabetes management goals.
• Balanced diet: Follow a balanced diet that includes a variety of fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, whole grains, and healthy fats. Avoid excessive intake of sugary foods and beverages.
• Meal timing: Take Glucovance with meals to reduce the risk of gastrointestinal side effects and help control blood sugar levels.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

If you forget a dose of Glucovance, take it as soon as you remember, unless it is close to the time of your next scheduled dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and take your next dose at the regular time. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one. If you have any questions or concerns about missed doses, consult your healthcare provider or pharmacist for guidance.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Glucovance, like any medication, can cause side effects. Some common side effects of Glucovance may include:

• Hypoglycemia: Low blood sugar levels, leading to symptoms such as sweating, shakiness, dizziness, confusion, and hunger.
• Gastrointestinal discomfort: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal discomfort, and loss of appetite are common side effects, particularly when starting the medication. These symptoms usually improve over time.
• Lactic acidosis: Although rare, metformin, one of the components of Glucovance, can cause lactic acidosis, a serious condition characterized by an accumulation of lactic acid in the blood. Symptoms may include weakness, fatigue, difficulty breathing, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and irregular heartbeat. Lactic acidosis requires immediate medical attention.
• Weight gain or weight loss: Glucovance can cause weight gain in some individuals due to improved glycemic control. However, weight loss may occur in others due to gastrointestinal side effects or decreased appetite.
• Skin reactions: Skin rash, itching, and hives are possible side effects. In rare cases, severe allergic reactions may occur, leading to swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat, and difficulty breathing.
• Liver problems: Glucovance can affect liver function in some individuals, leading to elevated liver enzymes or liver damage. Symptoms may include jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes) and abdominal pain.
• Vitamin B12 deficiency: Long-term use of metformin can lead to vitamin B12 deficiency, which may cause symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, and neurological problems.
• Heart-related issues: Glucovance may increase the risk of cardiovascular events in some patients. It’s important to monitor heart health, especially in individuals with pre-existing heart conditions.

It’s essential to report any persistent or severe side effects to your healthcare provider promptly. They can help determine whether adjustments to your treatment plan are necessary or if alternative medications should be considered.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and Disposal:

• Storage: Store Glucovance tablets at room temperature away from moisture and heat. Avoid storing them in the bathroom. Keep the medication in its original container with the lid tightly closed and out of reach of children and pets.
• Disposal: Dispose of unused or expired Glucovance tablets properly according to local guidelines or medication take-back programs. Do not flush them down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so.

In case of emergency/overdose

If you suspect an overdose of Glucovance, seek emergency medical attention or contact a poison control center immediately. Symptoms of an overdose may include hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), which can lead to sweating, shakiness, dizziness, confusion, seizures, or loss of consciousness. Carry a medical alert ID or inform healthcare providers about your diabetes medication in case of emergencies.

What other information should I know?

• Inform all healthcare providers involved in your care that you are taking Glucovance, including dentists and emergency medical personnel.
• Regularly monitor blood sugar levels as directed by your healthcare provider.
• Attend regular check-ups with your healthcare provider to assess the effectiveness and safety of Glucovance therapy.
• Inform your healthcare provider of any changes in your medical condition, medication regimen, or lifestyle habits.
• Follow dietary and exercise recommendations provided by your healthcare provider to optimize diabetes management.
• Be aware of the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia and know how to treat it promptly.
• Do not change your dosage or stop taking Glucovance without consulting your healthcare provider.

It’s essential to have a clear understanding of how to store, dispose of, and handle Glucovance, as well as knowing what steps to take in case of emergency or overdose. Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and seek medical assistance if needed.