Why is this medication prescribed?

Fosamax is a brand name for the drug alendronate, which belongs to a class of medications called bisphosphonates. It is primarily prescribed to treat osteoporosis and Paget’s disease of bone.

• Osteoporosis: Fosamax is commonly prescribed to treat osteoporosis, a condition characterized by weakening of the bones, making them more prone to fractures. It works by slowing down bone loss and increasing bone density, thereby reducing the risk of fractures, particularly in postmenopausal women and men with osteoporosis.
• Paget’s Disease of Bone: Fosamax is also used to treat Paget’s disease of bone, a chronic disorder that disrupts the normal bone remodeling process, resulting in weakened and misshapen bones. Fosamax helps to regulate bone turnover and reduce the excessive bone resorption associated with Paget’s disease, thereby improving bone structure and reducing symptoms such as bone pain and deformities.

How should this medicine be used?

Fosamax (alendronate) should be used according to the instructions provided by your healthcare provider or pharmacist. Here are general guidelines for using Fosamax:

• Dosage: The typical dosage for Fosamax is one tablet (usually 70 mg) taken orally once a week, or as directed by your healthcare provider. There are also lower-dose formulations available for daily or monthly dosing. Your healthcare provider will determine the appropriate dosage for you based on your individual needs and medical condition.
• Timing: Fosamax should be taken first thing in the morning, at least 30 minutes before eating or drinking anything other than water. Food and beverages (including other medications) can interfere with the absorption of Fosamax, so it’s important to take it on an empty stomach.
• Administration: Swallow the Fosamax tablet whole with a full glass (6 to 8 ounces) of plain water. Do not crush, chew, or suck on the tablet, as this can increase the risk of irritation to the throat and esophagus. Do not take Fosamax with mineral water, coffee, tea, juice, or any other beverages, as they may interfere with the absorption of the medication.
• Posture: After taking Fosamax, remain upright (sitting, standing, or walking) for at least 30 minutes. This helps prevent irritation of the esophagus and ensures proper absorption of the medication.
• Other Medications and Supplements: Inform your healthcare provider about all other medications, supplements, and vitamins you are taking, as they may interact with Fosamax. Some medications, such as antacids, calcium supplements, and certain oral medications, can interfere with the absorption of Fosamax and should be taken at a different time of day.
• Follow-up: Attend all scheduled follow-up appointments with your healthcare provider for monitoring of your response to Fosamax treatment and assessment of any potential side effects or complications.

It’s important to follow these instructions carefully to ensure the effectiveness of Fosamax and minimize the risk of side effects. If you have any questions or concerns about how to use Fosamax, consult your healthcare provider or pharmacist for guidance.

Other uses for this medicine

While Fosamax is primarily indicated for osteoporosis treatment, it may also be used in other conditions such as:

• Paget’s Disease: Fosamax may be prescribed to help manage Paget’s disease of bone, a chronic disorder that disrupts the normal replacement of old bone tissue with new bone tissue.
• Prevention of Osteoporosis: In some cases, Fosamax may be prescribed to prevent osteoporosis in individuals at high risk, such as those receiving long-term corticosteroid therapy.

What special precautions should I follow?

As for special precautions when using Fosamax, here are some important considerations:

• Esophageal Irritation: Fosamax can potentially irritate the esophagus, leading to inflammation or ulcers. To minimize this risk, it’s crucial to take the medication with a full glass of water and remain upright for at least 30 minutes afterward.
• Kidney Function: Individuals with impaired kidney function may require dosage adjustments or closer monitoring when taking Fosamax. Your healthcare provider will assess your kidney function and adjust the dosage accordingly.
• Calcium and Vitamin D Supplementation: Adequate intake of calcium and vitamin D is important for maintaining bone health. Your healthcare provider may recommend supplementation while taking Fosamax, especially if your dietary intake is insufficient.
• Dental Health: Rarely, bisphosphonates like Fosamax have been associated with a condition called osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ), characterized by the death of jawbone tissue. To minimize this risk, it’s essential to maintain good oral hygiene and undergo regular dental check-ups.
• Potential Drug Interactions: Fosamax may interact with certain medications, including antacids, calcium supplements, and medications that lower stomach acid. Be sure to inform your healthcare provider about all medications and supplements you are taking to avoid potential interactions.
• Fracture Risk: While Fosamax can reduce the risk of fractures, there have been rare reports of atypical fractures of the thigh bone (femur) associated with long-term use. Your healthcare provider will weigh the benefits and risks of Fosamax therapy and monitor you for any signs of fracture.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and report any unusual symptoms or side effects while taking Fosamax. If you have concerns or questions about using this medication, discuss them with your healthcare provider.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

• Calcium and Vitamin D: Ensure you are getting an adequate intake of calcium and vitamin D, either through your diet or supplements, as they are important for maintaining bone health. Your healthcare provider may recommend supplementation if your dietary intake is insufficient.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

If you forget a dose of Fosamax, follow these steps:

• Take it as soon as you remember: If you remember within 30 minutes of your regular dosing time, take the missed dose with a full glass of water and remain upright for 30 minutes afterward.
• Skip the missed dose if it’s close to your next scheduled dose: If it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed one and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for the missed one.
• Resume your regular dosing schedule: After taking the missed dose or skipping it, continue taking Fosamax as prescribed by your healthcare provider.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Fosamax (alendronate) can cause various side effects, although not everyone will experience them. Common side effects of Fosamax may include:

• Gastrointestinal Irritation: This is one of the most common side effects of Fosamax. Symptoms may include stomach pain, heartburn, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or constipation.
• Esophageal Irritation: Fosamax can irritate the esophagus, leading to inflammation or ulcers. This can cause difficulty or pain when swallowing, chest pain, or heartburn.
• Musculoskeletal Pain: Some people may experience muscle or joint pain while taking Fosamax.
• Headache: Headaches are a relatively common side effect of Fosamax.
• Dizziness: Some individuals may experience dizziness or lightheadedness while taking Fosamax.
• Fatigue: Feeling tired or fatigued is another potential side effect of Fosamax.
• Bone, Joint, or Muscle Pain: While Fosamax is used to strengthen bones, some people may experience bone, joint, or muscle pain as a side effect.
• Hypocalcemia: In rare cases, Fosamax may cause low levels of calcium in the blood (hypocalcemia), which can lead to symptoms such as muscle spasms, numbness or tingling in the fingers or around the mouth, or seizures.
• Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (ONJ): Although rare, long-term use of Fosamax has been associated with ONJ, a condition characterized by the death of jawbone tissue. Symptoms may include jaw pain, swelling, or numbness, as well as loosening of teeth or jawbone exposure.
• Atypical Femur Fractures: Long-term use of Fosamax has been linked to rare atypical fractures of the thigh bone (femur).

It’s important to note that while these side effects can occur, many people tolerate Fosamax well with few or no side effects. However, if you experience any unusual or severe symptoms while taking Fosamax, it’s essential to contact your healthcare provider promptly. They can evaluate your symptoms and determine the appropriate course of action, which may include adjusting your dosage, switching to a different medication, or providing supportive care.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and disposal of Fosamax:

• Storage: Store Fosamax tablets at room temperature, away from moisture and heat. Keep the medication in its original packaging or container, and make sure it is tightly closed when not in use. Avoid storing Fosamax in the bathroom, as moisture can affect its stability.
• Disposal: When disposing of unused or expired Fosamax tablets, follow local regulations for medication disposal. Do not flush them down the toilet or drain unless instructed to do so. Instead, consult your healthcare provider, pharmacist, or local waste disposal authority for guidance on the safe disposal of medications.

In case of emergency/overdose

In case of an emergency or overdose involving Fosamax, seek medical attention immediately. If possible, bring the medication container or packaging to the healthcare facility to assist healthcare providers in determining the appropriate treatment.

Symptoms of Fosamax overdose may include nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, heartburn, difficulty swallowing, and esophageal irritation.

What other information should I know?

• Inform all healthcare providers involved in your care (including dentists and surgeons) that you are taking Fosamax. This is particularly important before undergoing any dental procedures or surgeries, as Fosamax may increase the risk of complications such as osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ).
• Attend all scheduled appointments with your healthcare provider for regular monitoring of your response to Fosamax treatment and to assess for any potential side effects or complications.
• Follow a balanced diet rich in calcium and vitamin D to support bone health while taking Fosamax. Your healthcare provider may recommend dietary modifications or supplements if necessary.
• If you experience any new or worsening symptoms while taking Fosamax, such as difficulty swallowing, chest pain, or jaw pain, contact your healthcare provider promptly.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and read the medication guide provided with Fosamax for specific guidance tailored to your individual needs and medical condition. If you have any questions or concerns about Fosamax or its use, do not hesitate to discuss them with your healthcare provider or pharmacist.