WARNING

Fortamet is a brand name for the medication metformin, which is commonly prescribed to manage type 2 diabetes. While generally considered safe and effective, like any medication, Fortamet carries potential risks. Here are some brief points regarding its risks:

• Gastrointestinal Issues: Common side effects include diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal discomfort. These symptoms usually improve over time but can be bothersome for some individuals.
• Lactic Acidosis: This is a rare but serious side effect associated with metformin use. It involves the buildup of lactic acid in the bloodstream, which can be life-threatening. This risk increases in people with kidney or liver problems, severe dehydration, or those taking certain medications.
• Vitamin B12 Deficiency: Long-term use of metformin may lead to decreased absorption of vitamin B12, potentially resulting in deficiency. This can cause symptoms such as anemia, neuropathy, and cognitive impairment.
• Hypoglycemia: While metformin itself does not typically cause low blood sugar (hypoglycemia), it can increase the risk when used in combination with other diabetes medications like insulin or sulfonylureas.
• Renal Impairment: Metformin is excreted by the kidneys, so its use may be contraindicated or require dose adjustments in people with impaired kidney function.
• Potential Interactions: Fortamet can interact with other medications, including certain antibiotics, antifungal drugs, and heart medications. It’s essential to consult a healthcare provider before starting or stopping any medications while taking Fortamet.
• Allergic Reactions: Although rare, some individuals may experience allergic reactions to metformin, which can manifest as rash, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing.

It’s crucial for individuals prescribed Fortamet to be aware of these potential risks and to discuss any concerns with their healthcare provider. They should also follow their doctor’s instructions carefully and attend regular check-ups to monitor for any adverse effects.

Why is this medication prescribed?

Fortamet, which contains the active ingredient metformin hydrochloride, is primarily prescribed for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. It helps control blood sugar levels by improving the body’s response to insulin and decreasing the amount of sugar produced by the liver. Here’s a brief overview of why Fortamet is prescribed:

• Indications: Fortamet is indicated for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults, either alone or in combination with other antidiabetic medications, including insulin.
• Control of Blood Sugar Levels: It helps lower blood sugar levels, particularly after meals, to prevent hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) and its associated complications.
• Long-Term Management: Fortamet is often used as part of a comprehensive treatment plan for type 2 diabetes, which may include lifestyle modifications such as diet and exercise, along with other medications as prescribed by a healthcare provider.
• Prevention of Complications: By controlling blood sugar levels, Fortamet helps reduce the risk of long-term complications of diabetes, such as kidney damage, nerve problems, vision loss, and cardiovascular disease.

How should this medicine be used?

As for how Fortamet should be used:

• Dosage: The dosage of Fortamet is determined by a healthcare provider based on factors such as the individual’s age, weight, kidney function, and response to treatment. It is usually taken once daily with the evening meal, although the specific dosing regimen may vary.
• Administration: Fortamet tablets should be swallowed whole with a glass of water and not crushed, chewed, or split. This helps ensure the controlled release of the medication throughout the day.
• Monitoring: Regular monitoring of blood sugar levels is essential while taking Fortamet to assess its effectiveness and adjust the dosage as needed. Healthcare providers may also monitor kidney function and other parameters periodically.
• Adherence to Instructions: It’s crucial to follow the healthcare provider’s instructions regarding dosage, timing, and any dietary or lifestyle recommendations while taking Fortamet to achieve optimal control of diabetes and minimize the risk of complications.
• Consultation with Healthcare Provider: Any questions or concerns about Fortamet should be discussed with a healthcare provider. They can provide guidance on proper usage, potential side effects, and adjustments to the treatment plan as necessary.

It’s essential to use Fortamet exactly as directed by your healthcare provider or as indicated on the product label to ensure safe and effective use. If you have any questions or concerns about how to use this medication, consult your healthcare provider or pharmacist for clarification.

Other uses for this medicine

While Fortamet is primarily prescribed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, it may also have other off-label uses, including:

• Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): Some doctors prescribe metformin to manage symptoms of PCOS, such as irregular menstrual cycles and insulin resistance.
• Gestational diabetes: In some cases, Fortamet may be used to manage gestational diabetes during pregnancy under the guidance of a healthcare provider.
• Weight loss: Metformin may be prescribed off-label to aid in weight loss in individuals who are overweight or obese, particularly if they have insulin resistance or prediabetes.

What special precautions should I follow?

As for special precautions to follow when taking Fortamet:

• Kidney Function: Before starting Fortamet, your healthcare provider will assess your kidney function. This medication should not be used in individuals with severe kidney impairment or end-stage renal disease. Regular monitoring of kidney function is essential during treatment.
• Lactic Acidosis: Fortamet can rarely cause a serious condition called lactic acidosis, characterized by the buildup of lactic acid in the bloodstream. This risk is higher in individuals with kidney or liver problems, severe dehydration, or those taking certain medications. Seek medical attention immediately if you experience symptoms such as weakness, unusual muscle pain, difficulty breathing, stomach discomfort, or cold or numb extremities.
• Alcohol: Avoid excessive alcohol consumption while taking Fortamet, as it can increase the risk of lactic acidosis and interfere with blood sugar control.
• Surgery and Imaging Procedures: Inform healthcare providers performing surgery or imaging procedures that you are taking Fortamet, as it may need to be temporarily discontinued to reduce the risk of lactic acidosis.
• Hypoglycemia: Fortamet does not typically cause low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) on its own, but the risk may increase when used in combination with other diabetes medications or in individuals with poor nutritional intake. Be aware of the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia and have a source of glucose readily available in case of emergencies.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Inform your healthcare provider if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding. The use of Fortamet during pregnancy is usually considered safe, but it should be used under medical supervision.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and discuss any questions or concerns you may have about taking Fortamet. They can provide personalized guidance based on your individual health status and medical history.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

• Consistency in Carbohydrate Intake: Try to maintain consistency in your carbohydrate intake from meal to meal while taking Fortamet. This can help stabilize blood sugar levels and optimize the medication’s effectiveness.
• Balanced Diet: Follow a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains. Your healthcare provider or a registered dietitian can provide personalized dietary recommendations based on your individual health needs and diabetes management goals.
• Avoid Skipping Meals: Skipping meals can lead to fluctuations in blood sugar levels. Aim to eat regular, balanced meals throughout the day, and avoid prolonged periods of fasting.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

If you miss a dose of Fortamet, take it as soon as you remember, unless it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and take your next dose at the regular time. Do not double the dose to catch up. It’s important to maintain a consistent dosing schedule to achieve optimal control of blood sugar levels. If you have any concerns or questions about missed doses, consult your healthcare provider for guidance.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Fortamet, which contains the active ingredient metformin hydrochloride, can cause various side effects, although not everyone experiences them. Common side effects of Fortamet may include:

• Gastrointestinal Issues: The most common side effects of Fortamet involve the gastrointestinal tract and may include diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort, bloating, and gas. These symptoms usually improve over time as the body adjusts to the medication.
• Taste Disturbances: Some individuals may experience changes in taste perception or metallic taste in the mouth while taking Fortamet.
• Decreased Appetite: Fortamet may cause a decrease in appetite, leading to reduced food intake in some individuals.
• Vitamin B12 Deficiency: Long-term use of metformin, including Fortamet, may lead to decreased absorption of vitamin B12, potentially resulting in deficiency. This can cause symptoms such as anemia, neuropathy, and cognitive impairment.
• Hypoglycemia: While Fortamet itself does not typically cause low blood sugar (hypoglycemia), it can increase the risk when used in combination with other diabetes medications like insulin or sulfonylureas.
• Lactic Acidosis: Although rare, metformin, including Fortamet, can potentially cause a serious condition called lactic acidosis. This involves the buildup of lactic acid in the bloodstream and can be life-threatening. Symptoms of lactic acidosis may include weakness, unusual muscle pain, difficulty breathing, stomach discomfort, cold or numb extremities, and a slow or irregular heartbeat.
• Skin Reactions: Some individuals may experience skin reactions such as rash, itching, or hives while taking Fortamet.
• Other Rare Side Effects: In rare cases, Fortamet may be associated with additional side effects, including liver problems, changes in blood laboratory parameters, and allergic reactions.

It’s important to report any side effects experienced while taking Fortamet to your healthcare provider. They can provide guidance on managing side effects and may adjust your treatment plan if necessary. Additionally, if you experience any symptoms of lactic acidosis or severe allergic reactions, seek immediate medical attention.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and disposal of Fortamet:

• Storage:
  • Store Fortamet tablets at room temperature, away from moisture, heat, and light.
  • Keep the medication in its original container or packaging, tightly closed, and out of reach of children and pets.
  • Do not store Fortamet in the bathroom, as moisture and humidity can affect its stability.
  • Follow any specific storage instructions provided by your pharmacist or healthcare provider.
• Disposal:
  • Dispose of any unused or expired Fortamet tablets properly.
  • Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them down the drain unless instructed to do so by your healthcare provider or pharmacist.
  • Check with your local pharmacy or healthcare facility for guidelines on safe medication disposal in your area. Some pharmacies offer medication take-back programs.
  • If no take-back program is available, you can dispose of Fortamet in household trash after mixing it with an undesirable substance like coffee grounds or cat litter and sealing it in a plastic bag.

In case of emergency/overdose

• In case of an emergency or suspected overdose of Fortamet, seek immediate medical attention or contact your local poison control center (in the United States, call 1-800-222-1222).
• Symptoms of a metformin overdose may include severe nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, weakness, dizziness, lightheadedness, rapid or shallow breathing, confusion, and loss of consciousness.
• Do not attempt to treat an overdose on your own. Follow the guidance of medical professionals who can provide appropriate care and treatment.

What other information should I know?

• Inform all healthcare providers involved in your care that you are taking Fortamet, including dentists and specialists.
• Attend regular follow-up appointments with your healthcare provider to monitor your response to treatment, blood sugar levels, and any potential side effects.
• Keep a list of all medications you are taking, including prescription and over-the-counter drugs, as well as any herbal supplements or vitamins, and share this information with your healthcare provider.
• Follow your healthcare provider’s instructions carefully regarding dosage, timing of doses, dietary recommendations, and lifestyle modifications to achieve optimal management of your condition.

Always consult your healthcare provider or pharmacist if you have any questions or concerns about the storage, disposal, emergency procedures, or any other aspect of taking Fortamet. They can provide personalized guidance based on your individual needs and circumstances.