WARNING

Exalgo, also known as hydromorphone, is a powerful opioid medication used to treat severe pain. Like all opioids, it carries risks, including:

• Addiction: Exalgo has a high potential for addiction, especially when used improperly or for extended periods.
• Dependency: Long-term use can lead to physical dependence, meaning the body relies on the drug to function normally.
• Tolerance: Over time, the body may build a tolerance to Exalgo, requiring higher doses to achieve the same pain relief.
• Respiratory Depression: High doses of Exalgo can slow breathing to dangerous levels, potentially leading to respiratory failure and death.
• Overdose: Taking too much Exalgo can cause overdose symptoms such as slowed breathing, extreme drowsiness, coma, and even death.
• Withdrawal: Suddenly stopping Exalgo can lead to withdrawal symptoms like nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, anxiety, and muscle aches.
• Drug Interactions: Exalgo can interact with other medications, especially other central nervous system depressants like alcohol or benzodiazepines, increasing the risk of respiratory depression and overdose.
• Misuse and Abuse: Exalgo is often misused or abused for its euphoric effects, increasing the risk of addiction and overdose.

It’s crucial to take Exalgo exactly as prescribed by a healthcare professional and to be aware of the potential risks and side effects. Close monitoring by a healthcare provider is essential when using this medication.

Why is this medication prescribed?

Exalgo, the brand name for hydromorphone extended-release tablets, is prescribed primarily for the management of severe pain in individuals who require continuous, around-the-clock opioid treatment for an extended period and for whom alternative treatments are inadequate. This medication is typically used when other pain medications have not provided adequate relief or are not suitable due to side effects or other concerns.

Conditions for which Exalgo might be prescribed include:

• Chronic Pain: Exalgo may be prescribed for long-term pain management in conditions such as cancer, neuropathy, severe arthritis, or other chronic pain syndromes.
• Post-Surgical Pain: After major surgeries or procedures, Exalgo may be used to manage severe pain during the recovery period.
• Traumatic Injury: In cases of severe trauma, such as accidents or injuries, Exalgo can be used to help manage acute pain.
• End-of-Life Care: In hospice or palliative care settings, Exalgo may be prescribed to alleviate severe pain in patients with terminal illnesses.

Exalgo is a potent opioid medication and is typically reserved for situations where other less potent pain medications have not provided sufficient relief. It’s important for healthcare providers to carefully assess each patient’s pain and medical history before prescribing Exalgo and to closely monitor for signs of misuse, dependency, and other potential risks associated with opioid use.

How should this medicine be used?

Exalgo, or hydromorphone extended-release, should be used exactly as prescribed by a healthcare professional. It’s crucial to follow the dosage instructions provided by your doctor and the information on the medication label. Here are some general guidelines for using Exalgo:

• Dosage: Exalgo is usually taken once daily. The dosage strength will depend on the severity of your pain, your individual response to the medication, and other factors such as your medical condition and any other medications you may be taking.
• Administration: Exalgo tablets should be taken whole with a full glass of water. They should not be crushed, chewed, or dissolved, as this can release too much medication at once and increase the risk of overdose.
• Timing: It’s important to take Exalgo at the same time each day to maintain a consistent level of medication in your bloodstream and provide continuous pain relief.
• Avoid Alcohol: Drinking alcohol while taking Exalgo can increase the risk of serious side effects, including respiratory depression and overdose. It’s essential to avoid alcohol consumption while using this medication.
• Follow-up: Your doctor will likely schedule regular follow-up appointments to monitor your response to Exalgo and adjust your dosage if necessary. Be sure to attend these appointments and communicate any concerns or changes in your symptoms.
• Storage: Store Exalgo at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light. Keep it out of reach of children and pets.
• Disposal: Dispose of any unused or expired Exalgo tablets properly according to local regulations or guidelines. Do not flush them down the toilet or throw them in the trash where they can be easily accessed by others.
• Emergency Situations: In the event of an overdose or severe side effects such as difficulty breathing or loss of consciousness, seek immediate medical attention or call emergency services.

It’s essential to use Exalgo responsibly and under the guidance of a healthcare professional to minimize the risk of misuse, dependency, and other potential complications associated with opioid medications.

Other uses for this medicine

Exalgo, or hydromorphone extended-release, is primarily used for the management of severe pain, as discussed earlier. However, there are no other approved medical uses for Exalgo beyond pain management.

What special precautions should I follow?

Special precautions should be followed when taking Exalgo to ensure safe and effective use:

• Medical History: Before starting Exalgo, inform your doctor about your medical history, including any allergies, past or present medical conditions (especially breathing problems, kidney or liver disease, mental health disorders), and any history of substance abuse or addiction.
• Other Medications: Inform your doctor about all prescription and over-the-counter medications, supplements, and herbal products you are taking, as some medications may interact with Exalgo, increasing the risk of side effects or reducing its effectiveness.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Inform your doctor if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding. Exalgo should only be used during pregnancy if the potential benefits justify the potential risks to the fetus. It may pass into breast milk and could harm a nursing infant.
• Driving and Operating Machinery: Exalgo may cause drowsiness, dizziness, or impair your thinking or reactions. Avoid driving or operating machinery until you know how Exalgo affects you.
• Alcohol: Avoid drinking alcohol while taking Exalgo, as it can increase the risk of serious side effects such as respiratory depression and overdose.
• Physical Dependence and Withdrawal: Long-term use of Exalgo can lead to physical dependence and withdrawal symptoms if suddenly stopped. Talk to your doctor about tapering off the medication gradually if you no longer need it.
• Storage and Disposal: Store Exalgo securely at room temperature, away from moisture, heat, and light. Keep it out of reach of children and pets. Dispose of any unused or expired medication properly according to local regulations.
• Emergency Situations: In case of overdose or severe side effects such as difficulty breathing or loss of consciousness, seek immediate medical attention or call emergency services.

By following these precautions and using Exalgo as directed by your healthcare provider, you can help minimize the risks associated with this medication and maximize its benefits in managing your pain.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

Regarding dietary instructions, there are no specific dietary restrictions associated with taking Exalgo. However, it’s essential to maintain a healthy diet and stay hydrated while using this medication, as proper nutrition and hydration can support overall health and aid in pain management.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

If you forget to take a dose of Exalgo, take it as soon as you remember unless it is close to the time for your next scheduled dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one, as this can increase the risk of side effects and overdose. If you have any concerns or questions about missed doses, consult your healthcare provider for guidance.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Exalgo, like other opioid medications, can cause a range of side effects, ranging from mild to severe. Common side effects may include:

• Nausea and vomiting: These are among the most common side effects of Exalgo, especially when first starting the medication.
• Constipation: Opioids can slow down bowel movements, leading to constipation. It’s important to maintain adequate hydration and consider dietary adjustments or the use of laxatives under the guidance of a healthcare provider.
• Dizziness and drowsiness: Exalgo can cause feelings of dizziness or drowsiness, which can impair your ability to perform tasks such as driving or operating machinery safely.
• Headache: Some individuals may experience headaches while taking Exalgo.
• Dry mouth: Exalgo can cause a dry sensation in the mouth, which may be bothersome for some individuals.
• Itching or rash: Some people may develop itching or a rash while taking Exalgo.
• Sweating: Excessive sweating, particularly at night, can occur as a side effect of Exalgo.
• Difficulty urinating: Opioids can affect bladder function, leading to difficulty urinating or changes in urinary frequency.
• Respiratory depression: In high doses or in susceptible individuals, Exalgo can slow down breathing, which can be dangerous, especially if not monitored closely.
• Serious allergic reactions: While rare, Exalgo can cause serious allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis, which requires immediate medical attention.
• Other less common side effects: These may include confusion, hallucinations, mood changes, low blood pressure, and changes in heartbeat.

It’s essential to report any side effects to your healthcare provider, especially if they are severe, persistent, or concerning. Additionally, seek medical attention immediately if you experience signs of a serious allergic reaction, difficulty breathing, or other severe symptoms while taking Exalgo.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

Storage and disposal of Exalgo:

• Storage: Keep Exalgo tablets in their original container at room temperature, away from moisture, heat, and light. Do not store them in the bathroom or kitchen, where moisture and heat levels can fluctuate. Keep Exalgo out of reach of children and pets.
• Disposal: Dispose of unused or expired Exalgo tablets properly according to local regulations or guidelines. Do not flush them down the toilet or throw them in the trash where they can be easily accessed by others. Consider using a drug take-back program or consulting with a pharmacist for safe disposal options.

In case of emergency/overdose

• Seek medical attention: If you suspect an overdose of Exalgo or experience severe symptoms such as difficulty breathing, extreme drowsiness, unconsciousness, or unresponsiveness, call emergency services immediately or go to the nearest emergency room.
• Provide information: If possible, provide emergency responders with information about the type and amount of Exalgo taken, as well as any other medications or substances ingested.

What other information should I know?

• Avoid alcohol: Drinking alcohol while taking Exalgo can increase the risk of dangerous side effects such as respiratory depression and overdose. Avoid alcohol consumption while using this medication.
• Driving and machinery: Exalgo may cause drowsiness, dizziness, or impair your thinking and reaction time. Avoid driving or operating machinery until you know how this medication affects you.
• Medical appointments: Attend regular follow-up appointments with your healthcare provider to monitor your response to Exalgo and adjust your treatment plan if necessary.
• Tolerance and dependence: Long-term use of Exalgo can lead to tolerance (requiring higher doses for the same effect) and physical dependence (experiencing withdrawal symptoms when stopping the medication). Discuss any concerns about tolerance or dependence with your healthcare provider.
• Pregnancy and breastfeeding: Inform your doctor if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding. Exalgo may pass into breast milk and could harm a nursing infant. Use caution and discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor.
• Other medications and supplements: Inform your healthcare provider about all medications, supplements, and herbal products you are taking, as Exalgo may interact with other drugs, potentially increasing the risk of side effects or reducing its effectiveness.

By following these guidelines and being aware of important information about Exalgo, you can use this medication safely and effectively for the management of severe pain under the guidance of a healthcare professional.