WARNING

Droxia, also known as hydroxyurea, is a medication primarily used to treat certain blood disorders like sickle cell anemia, polycythemia vera, and certain types of cancer. Like any medication, it carries potential risks. Here are some of the common risks associated with taking Droxia:

• Bone marrow suppression: Droxia can suppress bone marrow function, which may lead to decreased production of blood cells, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. This can increase the risk of anemia, infections, and bleeding.
• Skin reactions: Some individuals may experience skin reactions such as rash, itching, or skin ulcers while taking Droxia.
• Nausea and vomiting: These are common side effects of Droxia treatment.
• Gastrointestinal disturbances: Droxia can cause gastrointestinal side effects such as diarrhea, constipation, or stomach discomfort.
• Increased risk of infections: Due to its effect on white blood cells, Droxia may increase the risk of infections.
• Potential for fetal harm: Droxia may harm an unborn baby if taken during pregnancy. It is important for women of childbearing age to use effective contraception while taking Droxia.
• Long-term risks: Long-term use of Droxia may increase the risk of developing certain types of cancer, although the risk is generally considered to be low.

It’s essential for patients taking Droxia to be closely monitored by their healthcare provider for any signs of side effects or complications. Any concerns or unusual symptoms should be reported to a healthcare professional promptly.

Why is this medication prescribed?

Droxia, also known as hydroxyurea, is prescribed for several medical conditions, primarily blood disorders and certain types of cancer. Here’s why it’s commonly prescribed:

• Sickle cell disease: Droxia is often used to reduce the frequency of painful crises and the need for blood transfusions in people with sickle cell disease. It works by increasing the production of fetal hemoglobin, which can help prevent the sickle-shaped red blood cells from forming.
• Polycythemia vera: Droxia is used to reduce the production of red blood cells in people with polycythemia vera, a condition characterized by an overproduction of red blood cells. By lowering the red blood cell count, Droxia helps reduce the risk of blood clots and other complications associated with polycythemia vera.
• Certain types of cancer: Droxia may be prescribed to treat certain types of cancer, including chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), melanoma, and ovarian cancer. It works by interfering with the growth and spread of cancer cells.

How should this medicine be used?

Droxia (hydroxyurea) should be used exactly as prescribed by your healthcare provider. Here are general guidelines on how Droxia is typically used:

• Dosage: The dosage of Droxia will be determined by your healthcare provider based on factors such as your medical condition, weight, age, kidney function, and response to treatment. Follow your prescribed dosage carefully and do not adjust it unless instructed by your healthcare provider.
• Administration: Droxia is usually taken by mouth in the form of capsules. Swallow the capsules whole with a full glass of water. Do not crush, chew, or open the capsules unless instructed to do so by your healthcare provider.
• Timing: Droxia is typically taken once daily, preferably at the same time each day. Follow the dosing schedule provided by your healthcare provider.
• Food: Droxia may be taken with or without food. You can take it with a meal or on an empty stomach according to your preference, unless otherwise instructed by your healthcare provider.
• Duration of treatment: Continue taking Droxia for as long as prescribed by your healthcare provider, even if you start to feel better. Do not stop taking the medication without consulting your healthcare provider, as this could affect the effectiveness of treatment.
• Regular monitoring: Your healthcare provider will likely monitor your blood cell counts regularly while you are taking Droxia. This is to assess the medication’s effectiveness, monitor for any side effects, and adjust the dosage if necessary.
• Missed dose: If you miss a dose of Droxia, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
• Storage: Store Droxia capsules at room temperature away from light and moisture. Keep them out of reach of children and pets.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and guidance when taking Droxia. If you have any questions or concerns about how to use Droxia, consult your healthcare provider or pharmacist for clarification.

Other uses for this medicine

Some of these off-label uses may include:

• Essential thrombocythemia: Droxia may be used to reduce elevated platelet counts in people with essential thrombocythemia, a disorder characterized by an overproduction of platelets.
• Myeloproliferative neoplasms: Droxia may be used to treat other myeloproliferative neoplasms, such as myelofibrosis, where there is an overproduction of blood cells in the bone marrow.
• Psoriasis: Droxia may be used to treat severe cases of psoriasis, a chronic skin condition characterized by red, itchy, and scaly patches on the skin.

What special precautions should I follow?

As for special precautions when taking Droxia, here are some key points to keep in mind:

• Pregnancy and breastfeeding: Droxia may cause harm to an unborn baby and should not be used during pregnancy unless the potential benefits outweigh the risks. Effective contraception should be used by both males and females during treatment with Droxia. It’s also not recommended to breastfeed while taking Droxia.
• Blood monitoring: Regular blood tests, including complete blood counts, are typically required to monitor the effects of Droxia on blood cell counts. This helps ensure that the medication is working effectively and that any potential side effects, such as bone marrow suppression, can be detected early.
• Kidney and liver function: Droxia is primarily eliminated from the body through the kidneys, so it may need to be used with caution in people with kidney impairment. Additionally, it’s important to monitor liver function tests regularly, as Droxia may affect liver function.
• Sun exposure: Droxia may increase sensitivity to sunlight, so it’s important to use sunscreen and protective clothing when outdoors to prevent sunburn and skin damage.
• Drug interactions: Droxia may interact with other medications, including certain chemotherapy drugs, so it’s important to inform your healthcare provider about all medications you are taking, including prescription, over-the-counter, and herbal supplements.
• Bone marrow suppression: Droxia can suppress bone marrow function, leading to a decrease in blood cell counts. It’s important to monitor for signs of anemia, infection, or bleeding and to report any unusual symptoms to your healthcare provider promptly.

Following these precautions and guidelines can help ensure the safe and effective use of Droxia under the supervision of a healthcare professional.

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

Regarding special dietary instructions for Droxia, there are no specific dietary restrictions associated with this medication. However, it’s essential to maintain a healthy and balanced diet to support overall health and well-being. If you have any concerns about diet and nutrition while taking Droxia, consult with your healthcare provider or a registered dietitian for personalized advice.

What should I do if I forget a dose?

If you forget to take a dose of Droxia, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one. If you have any concerns or questions about missed doses, consult with your healthcare provider or pharmacist for guidance.

What side effects can this medication cause?

Droxia (hydroxyurea) can cause various side effects, ranging from mild to severe. It’s essential to be aware of these potential side effects and to promptly report any concerning symptoms to your healthcare provider. Some common side effects of Droxia include:

• Bone marrow suppression: Droxia can suppress the bone marrow’s ability to produce blood cells, leading to decreased red blood cells (anemia), white blood cells (leukopenia), and platelets (thrombocytopenia). This may increase the risk of anemia, infections, and bleeding.
• Nausea and vomiting: Gastrointestinal symptoms like nausea and vomiting are common side effects of Droxia treatment. These symptoms can usually be managed with supportive care and may improve over time.
• Diarrhea or constipation: Droxia may cause gastrointestinal disturbances, including diarrhea or constipation.
• Mouth sores: Some individuals may experience mouth sores or ulcers while taking Droxia.
• Skin reactions: Skin reactions such as rash, itching, or skin ulcers may occur with Droxia treatment.
• Hair loss: Some people may experience temporary hair loss (alopecia) while taking Droxia.
• Fever: Fever is a possible side effect of Droxia and may indicate an underlying infection.
• Fatigue: Droxia treatment may cause fatigue or weakness.
• Dizziness: Some individuals may experience dizziness or lightheadedness while taking Droxia.
• Respiratory symptoms: Rarely, Droxia may cause respiratory symptoms such as cough or shortness of breath.
• Increased risk of skin cancer: Long-term use of Droxia may increase the risk of developing skin cancer, particularly squamous cell carcinoma.
• Other potential side effects: Other less common side effects of Droxia may include liver toxicity, kidney dysfunction, and allergic reactions.

It’s important to note that not everyone will experience these side effects, and some individuals may experience side effects not listed here. If you experience any unusual or bothersome symptoms while taking Droxia, notify your healthcare provider promptly. They can assess your symptoms and determine whether any adjustments to your treatment plan are necessary.

What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?

When it comes to the storage and disposal of Droxia (hydroxyurea), here are some important considerations:

• Storage: Store Droxia capsules at room temperature away from light and moisture. Keep the medication out of reach of children and pets. Avoid storing Droxia in the bathroom, as moisture and humidity can affect its stability.
• Disposal: Dispose of unused or expired Droxia capsules properly according to local regulations or guidelines. Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them down the drain unless instructed to do so. Instead, take unused medications to a medication take-back program or dispose of them in a sealed container with an undesirable substance (e.g., coffee grounds or kitty litter) and throw them in the household trash.

In case of emergency/overdose

• Seek medical attention: If you or someone else has taken too much Droxia or is experiencing severe symptoms, such as difficulty breathing, fainting, or loss of consciousness, call emergency services or go to the nearest emergency room immediately.
• Contact a poison control center: If you suspect an overdose but the person is conscious and alert, contact a poison control center for guidance on what to do next. They can provide advice on managing the situation and may recommend seeking medical attention.
• Provide information: When seeking medical help, be prepared to provide information about the medication taken, the dosage, and any symptoms experienced. This will help healthcare providers assess the situation and provide appropriate treatment.

What other information should I know?

• Regular monitoring: Your healthcare provider will likely monitor your blood cell counts regularly while you are taking Droxia to assess its effectiveness and detect any potential side effects.
• Follow-up appointments: Attend all scheduled follow-up appointments with your healthcare provider to monitor your response to treatment and discuss any concerns or questions you may have.
• Medication interactions: Inform your healthcare provider about all medications, supplements, and herbal products you are taking, as Droxia may interact with certain medications.
• Pregnancy and breastfeeding: Droxia can cause harm to an unborn baby and should not be used during pregnancy. Effective contraception should be used during treatment, and breastfeeding should be avoided.
• Sun protection: Droxia may increase sensitivity to sunlight, so it’s important to use sunscreen and protective clothing when outdoors to prevent sunburn and skin damage.

By following these guidelines and staying informed about Droxia, you can help ensure safe and effective treatment under the guidance of your healthcare provider.